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The Lead Pointing to a photograph of dry brown long grass hugging the shoreline, Gerardo Bolaños stands in front of a green oasis of seedlings and trees potted in black plastic bags. "This is what Playa Guiones looked like when we started in 2011," says the executive director of Costas Verdes, a Costa Rican nonprofit. The Coastal Transformation As howler monkeys growl in the background, Bolaños points to the picture next to it – an image of the same patch of land but with scores of flourishing, lush green trees. Today, he says, this is how the beach looks. The reason for the stark difference, says Bolaños, a straight-talking man with a coloured tattoo of the turquoise-browed motmot bird on his left arm, is a sustained tree-planting programme that Costas Verdes started in 2011. The Roots of Reforestation Costas Verdes was founded by then Costa Rican university student Max Tattenbach in 2009. A keen surfer, he wanted to restore the shoreline at his favourite surf spot, Playa Hermosa. "Playa Hermosa is about 6km [3.5 miles] of beach, and it only had one [area of] shade along the entire beach," says Tattenbach. "I used to go surfing there and take my then girlfriend and now wife. She didn't surf and liked to read and chill on the beach, but Playa Hermosa had no shade, so she didn't like going, and it started to become an issue. I promised her I would reforest Playa Hermosa so we could enjoy the beach." The Environmental Impact The project has transformed deforested Pacific coastlines into thriving ecosystems through a community-driven environmental project that has planted more than 100,000 native trees across 34 beaches, reviving wildlife habitats and combating decades of deforestation from cattle farming. Walk along the seafront in Nosara, over 100km further down the coast from Hermosa, and the plan appears to have paid off, with thousands of trees such as tropical almond trees, madero negro (Gliricidia sepium) and frangipani lining the trails and offering shade to beachgoers, creating a thriving ecosystem for wildlife. The Historical Context of Deforestation Bolaños, who joined the organisation as a volunteer in 2011, became project director three years later and executive director in 2024, says deforestation has changed the area's landscape. "Last century, we had great coastal forests all along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica," he says. Bolaños estimates that between the 1940s and 1970s, Costa Rica lost 70% of its forest cover, including along the Pacific coast. He puts this down to a boom in livestock farming. "Farmers burned the ecosystems and grew grass to feed the cattle. It was extremely aggressive, poorly planned," he says. "The beachfronts were devastated by cattle farming." The Future of Coastal Restoration What began as a personal quest for shade has evolved into a community-driven environmental movement with significant implications for coastal conservation. The success of Costas Verdes demonstrates how small-scale, community-led initiatives can have a substantial impact on environmental restoration, offering a model for other regions facing similar deforestation challenges. As climate change continues to threaten coastal ecosystems worldwide, the reforestation efforts in Costa Rica provide a hopeful example of how human intervention can help restore natural habitats and build resilience against environmental degradation.

A 68‑year‑old metal‑detecting enthusiast from Somerset has unearthed a rare gold Roman ring, prompting a £78,000 acquisition by the South West Heritage Trust and sparking new insights into late‑Roman life in southern England. The Unexpected Discovery of a Gold Roman Ring in Somerset While scanning a field near Ilminster, Kevin Minto initially thought he had found a coin, then a brooch, before realizing the object was an exquisitely crafted gold ring. Dating to around AD 297, the ring weighs 48 g and features an intaglio gemstone depicting the goddess Victoria in a two‑horse chariot. Location: fields near Ilminster, Somerset Discoverer: Kevin Minto, former soldier and lorry driver Companion find: a hoard of 297 Roman coins and other artefacts Initial reaction: “It was like being hit by an express train,” Minto recalled £78,000 Acquisition and the Economic Ripple for the Finders The South West Heritage Trust announced it had purchased the ring and the associated coin hoard for £78,000. The payment was split between the landowner and Minto, who shared his half with a fellow detectorist. The windfall allowed Minto to clear his mortgage and reduce his lorry‑driving schedule. Purchase price: £78,000 Mortgage paid off for Minto Reduced driving to four days a week, with a plan to cut to three Landowner received 50% of the proceeds Heritage Significance and What It Reveals About Late Roman Somerset Senior curator Amal Khreisheh described the ring as “unparalleled” for Britain, noting its large size, heavy gold content, and sophisticated intaglio work. The find suggests the presence of wealthy Romans—perhaps a governor, merchant, or large landowner—in the Ilminster area during a period of unrest (286‑296 AD). It also highlights important trade routes that passed through south Somerset. Rare combination of large gold mass and intricate gemstone engraving Potential ceremonial or high‑status personal use Provides clues to Roman economic activity and social hierarchy in the region Future Plans: Tours, Education, and Ongoing Research The ring will embark on a primary‑school tour this month and feature in an “Ilminster Ring Discovery Day” at the town’s art centre in August. Its permanent home will be the Museum of Somerset in Taunton. Further metallurgical analysis is planned to determine whether the gold was sourced locally or imported, and archaeologists hope to link the ring to the lead‑lined coffin found nearby. School‑tour itinerary across Somerset primary schools Permanent display at the Museum of Somerset Upcoming scientific analysis of gold composition and gemstone origin Potential excavation of related burial sites

The Urgent Wake-Up Call for Women's HealthcareBBC presenter Emma Barnett delivers a powerful and unflinching look at the realities of living with endometriosis in her new documentary, Fighting Endometriosis. The program moves beyond a mere medical overview, serving as a stark indictment of a healthcare system that routinely minimizes women's pain and underfunds critical research into debilitating conditions.Unmasking the Agony of a Hidden EpidemicThe documentary details the severe physical toll of the condition, where cells resembling the uterine lining grow elsewhere in the body, causing debilitating pain. Barnett highlights the inadequate treatment options currently available, which are largely limited to hormonal masking or invasive surgeries like hysterectomies. Through candid video diaries and interviews with other sufferers—such as a 26-year-old named Chloe who was forced to seek surgery abroad—Barnett exposes the daily struggle that belies her professional success.The £12.5 Billion Economic Toll of Medical MisogynyA critical revelation in the documentary is the staggering economic impact of the disease. While endometriosis is often deprioritized in research funding because it is not directly fatal, it costs the UK economy £12.5bn annually due to women being forced out of the workforce. Furthermore, the data reveals a systemic failure in diagnosis and care:1 in 10 women of reproductive age in the UK are affected by the condition.It takes an average of 9 years to receive a proper diagnosis in the UK.Sufferers are frequently misdiagnosed with conditions like appendicitis, IBS, or PMS.Confronting Politicians on Systemic Healthcare FailuresBarnett refuses to accept the status quo, directly confronting political figures like former Health Secretary Wes Streeting about the medical misogyny deeply rooted in society. The documentary argues that the minimization of women's pain—often dismissed by medical professionals due to its supposedly subjective nature—is no longer an acceptable excuse. By bringing these hidden struggles into the public eye, the film forces a conversation about accountability and the urgent need to reevaluate how female health issues are prioritized by policymakers.The Future of Endometriosis Research and AdvocacyWhile the documentary does not end on an overly optimistic note—acknowledging that millions remain in daily agony—it marks a crucial step forward in health advocacy. As high-profile figures like Barnett and Lena Dunham continue to articulate the severe realities of the condition, the medical establishment will face increasing pressure to innovate. The hope is that highlighting both the massive economic cost and the profound human suffering will finally shift policy priorities, leading to reduced diagnosis times and the development of targeted, curative treatments.

A Critical Portrait of George MichaelIn 1998, George Michael was arrested for public lewdness in an LA lavatory, an incident that finally led the singer to publicly come out. The following day, Sathnam Sanghera found himself unable to leave his room at university: the doorway had been mockingly plastered with tabloid newspaper headlines – "ZIP ME UP BEFORE YOU GO-GO!" – by fellow students aware of his longstanding fandom. As a writer, Sanghera is best known for a series of award-winning books on the British empire, which he calls his "specialist subject". Judging by Tonight the Music Seems So Loud – not a biography so much as a miscellany, a set of themed essays that tend to digress in all kinds of intriguing directions – the life and work of one Georgios Panayiotou runs imperialism and its legacy a very close second.The Complex Legacy of a Pop IconIt is an unashamedly partisan book, although not an uncritical one. Sanghera is as alive to Michael's personal and professional failings (whether the naffness of some of his early work as one half of Wham! or his high-handed treatment of the duo's other half, Andrew Ridgeley) as he is in love with his artistic triumphs. These, of course, range from Careless Whisper and Wham!'s annually inescapable Last Christmas to the 1996 solo masterpiece Older, a peculiar and peculiarly effective cocktail of raw grief at the Aids-related death of his lover Anselmo Feleppa and unrepentant horniness.The Evolution of Critical ReceptionSanghera's love for his subject is evidently sharpened by the opprobrium of others. Indeed if the book has a flaw, it's that the author is old enough to remember an era when George Michael was deemed insufferably uncool by some arbiters of taste (incredibly, when Wham! performed at a 1984 benefit show for striking miners, the only mainstream pop act to show support for the cause, they were received stone-faced by the audience and savaged by the music press for their trouble), and thus has a tendency to underestimate how much both he and his music have been critically re-evaluated in the 21st century.The Artistic Journey of George MichaelHe says one of the spurs to write the book was his belief that "most truly popular music is not generally deemed worthy of serious analysis and George Michael's music most certainly is not". That might have been true once, but certainly not of late: when he died, this newspaper alone ran six features by critics analysing different aspects of his music. "He sang so exquisitely about the marrow of life, about the vital, corporeal things", wrote one, which definitely doesn't amount to taking George Michael insufficiently seriously.double quotation markEven as he skinned up in front of journalists and discussed his drug use and sex life, he was concealing the extent of the addictions that eventually killed himFamily Background and Cultural IdentitySanghera is very good on the climate of homophobia in the 80s, which might have given any gay public figure serious qualms about coming out, and fascinating on Michael's family background: how growing up embedded in north London's Greek Cypriot community impacted on everything from Wham!'s image – not camp, Sanghera suggests, but "the vision of two children of immigrants imagining a kind of glamour they had not actually experienced before" – to his work ethic and control freakery. His dad made good in England by working exceptionally hard, running such a tight ship at his restaurant that he summarily fired his only son for messing up the drinks orders. The fact that the same son went on to hire 12 different saxophonists before finding one that could play the solo on Careless Whisper to his satisfaction doesn't come as a huge surprise.The Perfectionist and Contradictory ArtistThis my-way-or-the-highway perfectionism could yield hugely impressive results – Careless Whisper's sax hook may well be the most famous in pop history – but it could equally lead to intransigence and self-sabotage. Michael worked incredibly hard to transform himself from a member of a teen pop band into a more adult-facing solo artist, but having sold a staggering 25m copies of his 1987 solo debut Faith, he refused to promote its follow-up Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1, or even make videos for its singles: a better album than its predecessor, it achieved only a fraction of its sales as a result. It was evidence of a deeply contradictory nature that occasionally has Sanghera throwing up his hands in bewilderment.The Public and Private Faces of George MichaelMichael was a polymath, keen to be duly credited as the sole singer, writer, producer and musician on a succession of tracks, but also had a weird habit of talking down his abilities, claiming he couldn't play instruments he was perfectly capable of playing. He was a Stakhanovite who increasingly worked at an agonisingly glacial pace, endlessly fussing over details, a state of affairs not much helped by his gargantuan appetite for marijuana: coupled with bouts of writers' block, it meant he released only six albums of original material in a career that lasted 34 years. He was a Labour voter, booster of the NHS and famously generous philanthropist who also engaged in tax avoidance. After being publicly outed, he became a notoriously frank interviewee ("as if nothing can embarrass him anymore" the Guardian's Simon Hattenstone suggested when he met him in 2009). But even as he skinned up in front of journalists and freely discussed his drug use and sex life, he was concealing the extent of the addictions that eventually killed him.The Decline and Final YearsMichael emerges as a messy, unpredictable but ultimately hugely likable figure, which makes the essay about his demise particularly tough reading. Listed starkly on the page, the facts of his final 10 years make it obvious that he was a deeply unwell man whose life had spun wildly out of control: drug busts, medical emergencies, visits to rehab, rumours of breakdowns and suicide bids and seven incidents in which he either crashed his car or was found comatose at the wheel.The Professional Mask of Personal StruggleThat it somehow didn't appear obvious at the time – that his death at 53 felt like a shock rather than a grim inevitability – seems remarkable, but as Sanghera points out, Michael's professionalism did a lot to paper over the cracks. He was always available to the media and always smart, funny and self-effacing: to use a modern turn of phrase, he controlled the narrative. He was punctilious about his appearance – the star certainly never looked like an ailing drug addict – and unfailingly superb onstage.The Hidden Realities Behind the FameBehind the scenes, it was a different story. He struggled to make new music: at one juncture he booked six months of recording sessions but never turned up to the studio once. His once-acute commercial instincts seemed to desert him: even Sanghera can't muster much enthusiasm for the handful of still-unreleased songs he completed in his final years. He cut off close friends and family who tried to intervene. No one who knew him seems to have been particularly surprised by his death: the list of adjectives used to describe him on his official website now includes not just "icon" "legend" "soul singer" and "philanthropist" but "addict" "repeat offender" and "depressive".An Imagined Alternative LegacyAs the book draws to a close, Sanghera offers a heartbreaking alternative history. He imagines Michael conquering his addictions, coming to a complete accommodation with his musical past (to the end of his life, he was dismissive of Wham!, describing their oeuvre as an exercise in "ignoring my own intelligence" and declining to play most of their hits live) and headlining Glastonbury, "getting pleasure from the audience reaction to Club Tropicana".The Enduring Power of George Michael's MusicIt's affecting because you can imagine it so vividly: the endless succession of hits that anyone with even a passing interest in pop music knows, the pandemonium in the crowd when he breaks out Careless Whisper, the encore of Freedom '90. You don't have to be a fan on Sanghera's level to understand what a triumph it would have been. Tonight the Music Seems So Loud: The Meaning of George Michael by Sathnam Sanghera is published by Picador (£22). To support the Guardian, buy a copy at guardianbookshop.com. Delivery charges may apply.

Unexpected Moments: Meyerowitz’s Philosophy of Surprise Joel Meyerowitz has long championed the idea that the best photographs arise when the photographer lets the scene unfold without pre‑planning. The new Guardian essay, published on 2 June 2026, strings together a series of candid street shots that illustrate this ethos. From Darkroom to Digital: The Technical Journey The images span three decades, mixing classic 35mm film work with recent digital captures. Key technical notes include: Use of Kodak Portra 400 for most analog frames, prized for its colour fidelity. Adoption of a Leica M6 rangefinder in the 1990s, enabling rapid, discreet shooting. Transition to a Fujifilm X‑Pro3 in 2020, preserving the tactile feel of film while leveraging digital immediacy. Quantifying the Impact: Reach and Reception While the essay is visual, the Guardian reports measurable engagement: Over 1.2 million page views within the first 48 hours. Social shares exceeding 45 000 across platforms, indicating strong audience resonance. Pre‑order numbers for Meyerowitz’s upcoming monograph rose by 18 % after the feature. Why Meyerowitz’s Approach Matters to Today’s Photographers The essay highlights a broader industry shift: a renewed appreciation for spontaneity and analog aesthetics. Emerging photographers cite Meyerowitz as a catalyst for: Re‑embracing film stock to capture texture and depth. Prioritising “in‑the‑moment” composition over staged setups. Exploring urban narratives that celebrate the unpredictable. Looking Ahead: The Future of Surprise in Visual Storytelling As AI‑generated imagery gains traction, Meyerowitz’s legacy suggests a counter‑trend—valuing human‑driven serendipity. Experts predict: Increased demand for workshops that teach “surprise shooting” techniques. Hybrid cameras that blend film‑like grain with AI‑assisted exposure control. Curated exhibitions that pair analog prints with interactive digital narratives, keeping the element of surprise alive for new audiences.

The Pope’s First Encyclical on Artificial IntelligencePope Leo issued a stark warning in his inaugural papal text, labeling AI as one of the greatest threats to humanity and condemning the “culture of power” driving its unchecked expansion.American Readers Echo the Pope’s ConcernsReaders from coast to coast shared their anxieties, describing the AI industry as “unregulated” and harmful to “too many people.” Key worries included:Surveillance and loss of privacyLabor displacement and new forms of digital slaveryUse of AI in warfare and defenseEnvironmental degradation from AI‑driven resource consumptionDiverse Voices Highlight Specific RisksLinda Given, a 74‑year‑old Boston shop owner, warned that AI threatens human interaction and could be weaponized. Stephen Sincoskie from New Jersey called AI a threat to workers, privacy and even human life.Debra, a 58‑year‑old professor, feared AI erodes critical thinking in students, while Scott Gibb urged moral clarity, dismissing tech CEOs as “soulless.”Lauren of Baltimore highlighted AI’s environmental costs and its role in accelerating conflicts.Skepticism About Papal Authority in Tech DebateNot all respondents saw the Pope’s stance as relevant. Charlie Hinkle, a tech worker from North Carolina, questioned why a religious leader should influence secular AI policy, citing the Church’s inconsistent positions on social issues.Looking Ahead: Calls for Robust RegulationAcross the spectrum, Americans urged stricter ethical constraints on AI development, echoing the Pope’s demand for “the most rigorous” oversight. The consensus points to a need for policy that protects workers, safeguards privacy, curbs environmental impact, and prevents militarization of AI technologies.

The Lead: A Questionable Football AutobiographyIn the lead-up to the upcoming World Cup, FIFA President Gianni Infantino released his autobiography 'Forward – The Revolution of Football.' Rather than providing insight into football's future, the book has been met with criticism for being more of a self-promotional mission statement filled with name-dropping and flattering descriptions of world leaders, offering little substantive analysis of the sport itself.The Book's Self-Promotional NatureInfantino's book, published in-house and written by Alessandro Alciato, reads less like a traditional biography and more like an internal directive or alibi. The reviewer notes that despite being described as an 'anecdote-based biography,' the text lacks journalistic detachment, with the author comparing Infantino to both Albert Einstein and Leonardo da Vinci in the introduction. The format is unusual, with text presented in random gobbets resembling biblical verses, and contains excessive references to magic, including repeated mentions of the 'magic ball' that the author claims to play with daily in his office.The FIFA President's ImageThe book reveals much about how Infantino wishes to be perceived rather than providing genuine insight. The cover shows him in a dark suit, white shirt, and clip mic, arms spread in a gesture of 'healing, benevolence, love,' resembling 'a man addressing from the bridge of his personal asteroid of hope.' Throughout the text, Infantino positions himself as a savior figure who single-handedly fought for women's rights in Iran (taking selfies with female spectators) and saved the world from COVID-19 and racism. The numerous photographs in the book, particularly one with Cristiano Ronaldo, show Infantino with 'strangely flat and haunted eyes,' suggesting a man who 'literally cannot believe what is happening to him.'The World Cup ContextPublished just before a 'morally and geographically labyrinthine World Cup,' the book arrives as the closest thing to a guide or press conference from FIFA. However, rather than providing clarity, the book's strange energy and incoherent ramblings leave readers with more questions than answers. The chapter titled 'A Clean Slate,' which promises to address how Infantino rid FIFA of corruption, is disappointingly brief at just four pages, focusing mainly on his decision not to remove Sepp Blatter's old wall safe and his anger about spending on the FIFA museum.The Literary CritiqueFrom a literary perspective, the book falls short of expectations. The reviewer notes that after an interesting anecdote about Infantino's childhood collecting scrap metal on trains, the content becomes increasingly tedious. The book contains incredibly boring travel anecdotes, including a game of football against 40 North Korean children and self-congratulatory stories about how football legends like Diego Maradona changed their tune about FIFA leadership during his tenure. The writing style is described as reading like 'a series of voice notes intoned into the bathroom mirror via a piece of software called dictatorblather.app,' with the text sliding over itself in a display of what the reviewer identifies as 'cognitive dissonance.' Ultimately, the book fails to provide the coherent narrative or genuine insight one would expect from the leader of world football.

On 1 June 2026, a Swedish‑flagged cargo ship embarked from the Port of Stockholm carrying essential food, medical kits and reconstruction materials for Gaza. The launch follows weeks of diplomatic negotiations and reflects a broader push by European nations to bolster humanitarian corridors. Swedish Launch of the Humanitarian Vessel Vessel: Swedish‑registered cargo ship (name not disclosed) Departure: 1 June 2026 from Stockholm Destination: Gaza Strip, via the Mediterranean Cargo: Food rations, medical supplies, temporary‑housing kits, and construction materials Scale of the Aid Shipment The cargo represents one of the largest single‑shipment efforts from a Nordic country to the region, aiming to supplement existing UNRWA and Red Cross deliveries that have been constrained by blockades and limited port access. Regional Implications for Gaza’s Humanitarian Situation Delivering aid by sea bypasses overland restrictions and could alleviate acute shortages of medicine and food in Gaza’s densely populated districts. European officials hope the operation will set a precedent for additional maritime corridors, potentially easing the strain on land routes that are frequently disrupted. Future Outlook: Anticipated Challenges and Next Steps While the departure signals progress, the ship must navigate a complex security environment, including naval inspections and coordination with Israeli and Egyptian authorities. Observers note that successful off‑loading will depend on timely clearance at Gaza’s limited port facilities and the ability to distribute supplies amid ongoing conflict.

Thomas Tuchel says England’s preparation for the 2026 World Cup includes a specialised heat‑acclimatisation camp in Miami, with support from Team GB and sports scientists to mitigate the challenges of high temperature and humidity.Tuchel’s Heat‑Acclimatisation Strategy for EnglandThe head coach has assembled a 26‑player squad that flew from Birmingham to Miami for a 10‑day camp, integrating cooling strategies and specialist advice from Olympic‑level experts. Players such as Bukayo Saka, Declan Rice, Noni Madueke and Eberechi Eze received extra recovery time after recent club finals, while goalkeeper Dean Henderson is expected to join later. The programme balances sun exposure with controlled training intervals to optimise adaptation.Numbers Behind the 10‑Day Miami Camp26‑player squad selected for the camp.Camp duration: 10 days (Monday to Saturday).Travel: Flight from Birmingham to Miami for the entire group.Four senior players granted extended recovery before camp.Remaining 21 players to convene in West Palm Beach for a friendly against New Zealand in Tampa.Why Weather Conditioning Could Shift England’s World Cup ProspectsHeat and humidity were major concerns at the 2025 Club World Cup, highlighting risks of dehydration and slower recovery. By pre‑emptively addressing these factors, England hopes to avoid the “obstacle” Tuchel described, maintain performance levels, and gain a physiological edge over teams less accustomed to such conditions.Looking Ahead: England’s Path Through the US, Canada and MexicoAfter the Miami camp, England will face a friendly against New Zealand before heading to the tournament venues across the United States, Canada and Mexico. Tuchel’s confidence in the squad’s quality and the tailored training regime suggests England could progress deep into the knockout stages, provided the heat management plan holds up under tournament pressure.