Stolen Revolution by Bozorgmehr Sharafedin and Yeganeh Torbati review – A history of Iran's recent past

The Book Review

It's difficult in 2026 to talk about Iran without confronting a lot of crude certainty. The average non-Iranian gets their information in snippets, filtered by algorithms. The Iranian diaspora is too fractured and traumatised to educate everyone. And the regime has muffled the voices inside its borders, responding to every major uprising with internet blackouts that hide both the people's rage and its own violent response.

The History of Iran's Recent Past

Bozorgmehr Sharafedin and Yeganeh Torbati's powerful history of the Islamic republic is a badly needed corrective because it is at once an engrossing story and a balanced, meticulously researched primer on modern Iran (the clearest I've ever read). And it is dramatic, personal and often heartbreaking, told through six lives lived at the forefront of the Iranian people's almost five-decade struggle with a corrupt regime that has stolen their freedoms, votes and many thousands of their lives.

The 1979 Revolution and Its Aftermath

In the 1979 revolution that toppled the Shah, the clerics united Iran's many unhappy factions by promising independence from western influence and economic prosperity (the first supreme leader, Ruhollah Khomeini, 'declared that 'no one must remain without a dwelling in this country' and promised to ensure free electricity and water for the poor'). But, in the place of the monarchy, Khomeini and his acolytes built a mafia state that instituted gender apartheid, worsened every social injustice, killed the arts, decimated living standards, and isolated Iranians from the global culture and economy.

The Rise of the Hardliners

As they slowly push the reformists out, the hardliners stop pretending to be running a democracy. High-level bureaucrats flaunt their wealth more boldly. The clerics empower 'the [Revolutionary] Guards to enrich themselves', turning a military police force into a business empire that competes for government contracts and runs smuggling networks to overcome sanctions.

The Future of Iran

These movements are homegrown and deep-rooted, each building on the lessons and mistakes of previous generations. In present-day Iran, it's no longer religious minorities or women or young liberals protesting: it is Muslims, old men, parents, the poor. Stolen Revolution is a careful and unwavering account of the regime's absurdities and crimes. It should be required reading for anyone who cares about human rights or justice in the Middle East.