Ebola Outbreak: Vaccine Development for New Strain

The Lead

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the latest outbreak of a rare strain of the Ebola virus in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Uganda a 'public health emergency of international concern.'

The Event Details

The epicentre of the latest outbreak is in DRC's northeastern province of Ituri, close to the borders with Uganda and South Sudan. The virus has spread into neighbouring provinces of DRC and beyond the DRC's borders, with the toll rising to an estimated 131 deaths from 513 suspected cases.

The Data Analysis

The Bundibugyo strain of Ebola is a distinct species within the Ebola virus family, with case fatality rates ranging from approximately 30-50 percent in prior outbreaks. The current outbreak is particularly concerning due to the lack of licensed vaccines or specific therapeutics for Bundibugyo virus disease.

The Impact Analysis

The outbreak has gripped both countries, with fear spreading among residents and street vendors. The WHO chief, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, expressed deep concern about the scale and speed of the epidemic. Many countries have raised concerns and implemented measures, including travel restrictions and border screening.

The Prediction

Vaccine development timelines are difficult to predict, but the scientific community is not starting from zero. Organisations like CEPI are working on broadly protective filovirus vaccines that could protect against multiple Ebola species. Until a vaccine is developed, medical supplies, including personal protective equipment (PPE), are being sent to the DRC.