5,000-year-old solstice-aligned monument discovered near Stonehenge

The Discovery of a Lifetime

A 5,000-year-old monument that was aligned with the summer and winter solstices and may have served as a prototype for the later solar alignment at Stonehenge has been discovered close to the famous neolithic site, in what archaeologists have described as a “once in a lifetime” find.

The Monument's Alignment with Solstices

The structure at Bulford, 5km (3 miles) from the world heritage site in Wiltshire, has been carbon dated to around 3000BC, the same time as the earliest phase of construction at Stonehenge and 500 years before its huge trilithon stones were carefully placed to line up with the midsummer and midwinter sun.

The Archaeological Significance

It is the earliest solstice-aligned structure in the Wiltshire landscape and one of the very first in Britain, according to experts. The archaeologist Phil Harding, who led the dig on behalf of Wessex Archaeology before the construction of new Ministry of Defence housing, said the discovery was “one of the greatest finds of my career”.

The Structure's Design

The structure consisted of two wooden poles 120 metres apart, which had left only two large post pits in the ground surrounded by a jumble of smaller rubbish pits. Further work by Fabio Silva, a “skyscape archaeologist” and expert in ancient astronomical mapping, confirmed that the two wooden poles very accurately lined up with the midsummer sunrise and midwinter sunset in 2950BC, the date of the structure according to extensive radiocarbon analysis.

The Future of Archaeological Discoveries

“Sites like this come along once in a lifetime, sometimes they don’t come along at all,” said Harding. “It doesn’t matter whether you are a resident of Wiltshire or a resident of the Earth – everybody knows about Stonehenge. And to be able to contribute something to expanding our knowledge of Stonehenge is an incredible privilege.”