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Molokhia cigarettes–hand‑rolled leaves of the popular green vegetable—are being used in Gaza as a makeshift substitute for traditional tobacco products, according to recent reporting by Al Jazeera.Molokhia Cigarettes Emerge Amid Tobacco ShortagesResidents cite blockade‑related scarcity of tobacco.Molokhia leaves are locally cultivated and readily available.The practice involves drying, shredding, and rolling the leaves like conventional cigarettes.Health Risks Associated with Molokhia SmokeCombustion of plant material releases carcinogenic compounds similar to those in tobacco smoke.Medical professionals warn of respiratory irritation, increased risk of chronic lung disease, and potential cardiovascular effects.No epidemiological data have yet been published for Gaza.Socio‑Economic Factors Driving the ShiftHigh unemployment and limited access to imported goods push vulnerable populations toward low‑cost alternatives.Humanitarian aid packages often prioritize food over tobacco, leaving a market gap.Potential Public Health InterventionsLocal NGOs could launch awareness campaigns about the dangers of inhaling Molokhia smoke.International agencies might consider including nicotine‑replacement therapies in aid shipments.Further research is needed to quantify usage rates and health outcomes.

The Soaring Cost of Coverage "I nearly fell over when I saw the travel insurance quote," says Bernie Lawrence, a 77-year-old retiree from Fleet, Hampshire. After developing heart problems and undergoing quadruple bypass surgery in 2018, Lawrence found the cost of travel insurance becoming "astronomical." Before his surgery, he and his wife paid under £100 for annual European travel insurance. By 2022, this had risen to £302, and after experiencing atrial fibrillation and being placed on an NHS waiting list, they were quoted £1,200. Even after getting an all-clear from a private scan, their premiums remained high at £584, rising to £805 in 2024 and £1,009 this year. The Financial Burden of Medical Conditions The financial impact of pre-existing medical conditions on travel insurance is substantial. According to a survey by specialist insurer AllClear, 18% of Britons plan to travel abroad this summer without insurance, despite the risks. Insurers paid out £262bn for medical expenses for UK travelers who needed emergency care or treatment while on holiday in the past two years. For countries like the US and Canada, treatment costs can run into hundreds of thousands of pounds if you fall ill without proper coverage. Why This Matters to Travelers "Travel insurance can get very expensive if you've got a pre-existing medical condition," says James Daley, founder of Fairer Finance. "But it's incredibly important that you take out insurance that covers you for your condition – particularly if you're travelling to countries like the US where there's no reciprocal health agreement with the UK. If you end up having a medical emergency in the US without insurance, the costs can run into the tens and even hundreds of thousands of pounds." How to Find Appropriate Coverage The cost of a policy depends on your age, the condition, destination, and duration of travel. Price comparison websites can help find policies for those with pre-existing conditions, but it's crucial to check the small print. If mainstream options don't work, specialist insurers like Medical Travel Compared, PayingTooMuch, or AllClear can assist. The British Insurance Brokers' Association (biba.org.uk) can also help find a broker. When applying, insurers typically ask about medical issues from the last five years, though this varies by provider and condition. Recovered conditions that haven't required treatment don't need to be disclosed. Tommy Lloyd, managing director of Medical Travel Compared, recommends insuring the entire traveling party under the same policy wherever possible to ensure consistent coverage for cancellation and curtailment. Common Conditions and Premium Impact Some common conditions like anxiety, high blood pressure, arthritis, and asthma only add a few pounds to a typical policy. However, costs can be high if you're still under investigation for a condition or waiting for treatment. Disclosing all medical conditions is essential, as failure to do so could invalidate your policy. The Future of Travel Insurance for Medical Conditions As the population ages and more people live with chronic conditions, the travel insurance industry may need to develop more specialized products. The current system often penalizes those with health histories rather than assessing individual risk factors. In the coming years, we may see more insurers using advanced data analytics to offer more personalized pricing, potentially making coverage more accessible for those with pre-existing conditions while maintaining profitability.

The Rise of Tax-Break Trees On the English-Scottish border, a small species of butterfly, the northern brown argus, has fended off one of the biggest investors in the UK. Todrig, with its heath moorlands and hundreds of species of flora and fauna, represents an investment that could save Britain's wealthiest families millions of pounds in inheritance tax. Investment in Commercial Forests Land is increasingly being targeted for commercial forests. Only an hour away from Todrig at Stobo Hope, the ground has already been cleared, ploughed and sown with rows of tree saplings by a 'forestry carbon sequestration fund', managed by the London-based company True North Real Asset Partners. The Lucrative Business of Woodland Investment Industry calculations suggest the value of woodland has roughly doubled over the past decade, exceeding gains from some other physical assets such as commercial property – and helped by increasing numbers of wealthy families who have turned to the sector for a break from inheritance tax. Tax Breaks for Woodland Investors Commercial forests – where trees are planted and felled as soon as possible for timber – can qualify for business property relief after just two years of ownership. Investors in woodland also do not pay income or corporation tax on the value of growing timber, and no capital gains tax is due when trees are felled. Super-Rich Backers Dr Josh Doble, the director of policy and advocacy at the campaign group Community Land Scotland, says increasing demand for woodland is coming from buyers seeking a way to reduce their tax burden. The super-rich have long dabbled in woodland. The private equity tycoon Guy Hands and his wife, the hotelier Julia Hands, have been investors in the sector.

The $12 Billion Bet on an 'Artificial General Engineer'Prometheus, the physical AI startup co-founded by Jeff Bezos and Vik Bajaj, has announced a massive funding round that signals a new era in industrial automation. The company raised $12 billion at a $41 billion valuation, marking it as one of the most valuable AI startups ever funded. The capital injection comes from a mix of strategic investors and industry giants, including Bezos himself, JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, and BlackRock.The startup is building what it calls an 'artificial general engineer' — software designed to automate the design and manufacturing of complex physical systems. This includes high-stakes industries such as jet engines and pharmaceutical drug compounds. Unlike traditional software AI, Prometheus aims to bridge the gap between digital intelligence and the tangible physical world.Record-Breaking Valuation in the Physical AI SectorMassive Scale: This is the second major fundraise for Prometheus, which launched late last year with an initial raise of $6.2 billion.Global Footprint: The company currently employs 150 people across offices in San Francisco, London, and Zurich.Capital Allocation: A significant portion of the new funds will be directed toward the company's massive compute needs to power its complex models.At $41 billion, Prometheus is not just a startup; it is a heavyweight contender in the 'Physical AI' sector. Investors are increasingly pouring capital into this space, viewing it as inherently more defensible than pure software due to the 'moats' created by the physical world.Redefining Labor Scarcity in the Age of AutomationJeff Bezos has offered a distinct perspective on the economic impact of this technology. While many tech leaders predict widespread job losses due to AI, Bezos argues that significant productivity gains will lead to what he calls 'labor scarcity' — a scenario where demand for human workers outpaces supply.'Significant productivity in the economy is going to raise the standard of living,' Bezos told CNBC. He suggests that this efficiency could transform household dynamics, potentially allowing two-earner households to function as one-earner households or reducing the need for overtime work. This view positions Prometheus as a tool for economic elevation rather than just displacement.The Shift Toward 'Physical Moats' in Silicon ValleyThe funding round highlights a broader trend in the venture capital world: a pivot from pure software to physical AI. Investors argue that building systems that interact with the physical world creates barriers to entry that code alone cannot easily replicate.Bezos's experience at Amazon, where he oversees a workforce of over 1.5 million people, provides a unique lens for this automation push. As Amazon has accelerated its own automation under CEO Andy Jassy, the success of Prometheus could validate the strategy of using massive capital to automate the most complex engineering challenges of the modern economy.

The EU's Steel Import Quotas: A Threat to Ukraine's Industry New EU limits on steel imports could destroy Ukraine's industry and deal a big blow to the country's budget as it defends itself against Russia, according to the head of its biggest steelmaker. Impact on Ukraine's Steel Industry Yuriy Ryzhenkov, the chief executive of Metinvest, said the new EU quota system due on 1 July could “kill the Ukrainian steel industry”. The EU has introduced the protectionist measures in the face of a long-running global glut of steel caused by China. Financial Implications The EU halved the quotas of steel that can enter the bloc tariff-free, while also doubling the tariff to a prohibitive 50% on all imports above each country's allocation. For Ukraine, the economic threat from its military ally is exacerbated by the war, which has cut off some of its previous alternative markets and pushed the country's steelmakers to integrate more closely with Europe. Consequences for Ukraine's Economy and War Effort Ukrainian steelmakers argue that the quotas would also damage the war effort by depriving the government of tax revenues equivalent to hundreds of millions of pounds. Metinvest, owned by the billionaire Rinat Akhmetov, is thought to be the largest private sector taxpayer in the country. Future Outlook Ryzkenhov said it was not possible for Metinvest to invest the billions of euros it would cost to upgrade its two plants to cleaner electric arc furnaces because of the war – although it had planned to do so before Russia's full-scale invasion. The quotas would come on top of levies added to imports to the EU, known as the carbon border adjustment mechanism, to penalise steel produced with dirtier blast furnace technology.

Campaigners Urge UK Not to Dilute EV Sales MandateEnvironmental groups and the charging industry have warned the government against further weakening the zero‑emission vehicle (ZEV) mandate after an analysis showed an additional 17 million tonnes of CO₂ could be emitted by 2030.Labour’s 2024 Flexibility Loopholes Expand PHEV SalesIn 2024 the Labour government introduced “flexibilities” that let manufacturers sell more plug‑in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) while still meeting headline targets. Carmakers responded with a 48 % rise in PHEV sales.ZEV mandate aims for 80 % electric vehicle sales by 2030.Flexibilities allow a higher share of PHEVs in the sales mix.Industry analysis links the policy change to an extra 59 bn miles driven on petrol and diesel.Projected 17 Million Tonnes of Extra CO₂ Emissions by 2030Department for Transport (DfT) updated forecasts indicate the additional mileage will generate 17 million tonnes of direct CO₂, roughly equivalent to every Ryanair flight departing Europe for a year or the annual emissions of a small country such as Croatia.Extra mileage: 59 bn miles on petrol/diesel.Direct CO₂ increase: 17 million tonnes.Potential electric sales drop from a projected 33 % to as low as 7 % if flexibilities are fully used (New AutoMotive analysis).Consequences for the Charging Industry and Energy SecurityThe reduced uptake of battery‑electric cars threatens the business case for charge‑point investors. Vicky Read, chief executive of ChargeUK, says billions of pounds are being spent on infrastructure based on the original ZEV forecasts.Think‑tank analysts warn that PHEVs “fail to deliver promised fuel savings” and under‑report emissions by about a third, undermining the UK’s energy‑security goals.Future Outlook: Mandate Review and Potential Policy PathsThe government has pledged a further review of the ZEV mandate by early 2027. Colin Walker of the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit cautions that additional weakening could push more costly PHEVs onto consumers, increasing ownership costs by “hundreds, even thousands of pounds a year”.Industry lobby Mike Hawes (Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders) calls for a “review of the transition” to align ambition with market realities, while the government reiterates its commitment to phase out non‑zero‑emission sales by 2035, backed by a £7.5 bn investment programme.

The 'Devil's Trumpet' Invasion Iraq's Ministry of the Interior has warned farmers and residents to be on the alert for an invasion of datura plants – commonly known as jimsonweed, thorn apple or devil's trumpet. The plant, which contains highly toxic chemical compounds affecting the nervous systems of humans, animals, and plants, poses a significant risk to agricultural crops. The Plant's Properties and History The datura plant is known for its white or purple trumpet-shaped flowers, green prickly fruit, and large leaves which give off a pungent odour. Despite its classification as a poisonous plant, it contains important pharmaceutical compounds such as atropine, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine, which are used to dilate pupils, treat motion sickness, and for some anticonvulsant medications. The Rapid Spread of Datura Scientists are baffled by how the datura plant has managed to thrive in Iraq, given the huge difference in climate from its original habitat. A scientific team from the University of Seville in Spain found that 57% of documented locations of the species are in cold environments, in stark contrast with its original habitat. In Iraq, the nitrogen-rich soil on riverbanks and the hot, semi-arid climate have proved to be the 'ideal environment' for this plant to expand. The Impact on Iraqi Agriculture The rapid adaptation of datura in Iraq has been helped by the decline in agricultural activity during periods of war and conflict. The plant still possesses the potential to expand further geographically and is unlikely to stop at its current limits, especially in warm zones it has not yet reached. The Iraqi authorities are leading a comprehensive campaign to combat the plant through biological control, pesticide spraying, and public awareness. The Future Outlook While efforts are being made to control the spread of datura, its ability to adapt immediately to new environments and exploit available resources poses a significant challenge. The situation highlights the need for continued monitoring and management of invasive species to protect agricultural crops and ecosystems.

Ryanair is facing a competition authority investigation into its practice of charging parents £8 for a “mandatory family seat” so children sit with them on flights.Ryanair's £8 mandatory family seat fee under CMA scrutinyCharge applies to each adult who must reserve a seat for a child aged 2‑11.Fee is £8 per way, on both outbound and return flights.CMA evidence says the policy is used on the majority of Ryanair’s UK routes.Other UK carriers seat children with a parent for free.Financial snapshot of the family seat chargeThe £8 fee translates to an additional £16 per round‑trip family, potentially adding up to millions of pounds in extra revenue across Ryanair’s UK network.Potential ripple effects across the UK airline marketIf the CMA finds the charge unlawful, Ryanair could be forced to remove the fee, which may:Reduce ancillary revenue for the airline.Prompt a price‑war adjustment among low‑cost carriers.Set a precedent for how airlines price safety‑related services.What regulators and airlines might do nextThe investigation will assess whether the fee breaches consumer‑law rules on unfair contract terms and “drip” pricing. Possible outcomes include a fine, a mandated change to the seating policy, or a voluntary revision by Ryanair.

The Lead Baseball's rich history is filled with superstitions, rituals, and curses that have shaped the sport's narrative and fan experience for over a century. A new book by Addy Baird, "The Magical Game: The Spirit and History of Baseball's Superstitions, Rituals, and Curses," explores how baseball's unique structure creates an environment where magic thrives, examining everything from team curses to individual player rituals. The Origins of Baseball Magic The article begins with the famous Curse of the Billy Goat, which began when Chicago bar owner William Sianis was denied entry to the 1945 World Series with his pet goat Murphy. This event supposedly doomed the Chicago Cubs to decades of failure until their eventual championship win in 2016. Such curses and superstitions are not isolated incidents but part of a larger pattern that extends throughout baseball history. Player Rituals and Fan Superstitions Baseball is filled with elaborate rituals performed by players and fans alike. Historically, managers like Connie Mack and John McGraw relied on human mascots for good luck. Wade Boggs famously ate chicken before every game during the 1980s and 1990s. More recently, a Seattle Mariners fan believes that holding a pair of slippers somehow affected his team's performance, while a Tampa Bay Rays fan plays Middle Earth music during difficult innings despite having no interest in Lord of the Rings. These practices have even extended to softball, with a top college player reportedly eating ladybugs for good luck. The Psychological Roots of Baseball Magic According to author Addy Baird, baseball's structure makes it particularly prone to superstitions. The sport's low-scoring nature makes luck a significant factor, creating an uncertain environment where the defense possesses the ball. Additionally, the repetitive nature of baseball—with batters facing dozens of pitches over a 162-game season—creates perfect conditions for magical thinking. "There's a split second from the ball leaving the pitcher's hand [and going] over the plate for you to try and hit it," Baird explains, "it compounds the elements of uncertainty and luck, a perfect environment for magic to thrive." Baseball's Mythological Foundations Baseball's connection to magic extends beyond individual practices to the sport's very structure. MLB historian John Thorn notes that "the form of the game itself mirrors that of the Odyssey," representing a hero's journey where players start at home, face challenges, and aim to return. This mythological framework, combined with baseball's fabricated American origin story featuring Civil War general Abner Doubleday, has created a sport rich with narrative potential and magical thinking. Modern Baseball and the Evolution of Magic The book also examines how modern developments like sabermetrics and rule changes have affected baseball's magical elements. Initially, Baird believed that recent rule changes aimed at shortening games might have eliminated the magic. However, after further research, she concluded that "the game should evolve, an unchanging thing is a dead thing." Interestingly, she found that sabermetrics actually "help us to see what makes [baseball] unique, what makes it special, what makes players exceptionally good... Those numbers reveal to us the magic." The Author's Journey Addy Baird, a former politics journalist who covered major events like the impeachments of Donald Trump and the January 6 riots, found herself drawn to baseball and magic after experiencing burnout. Following a friend's advice to write about something she loves, she embarked on a four-year journey to explore the intersection of baseball and magical thinking. The resulting book, structured like a baseball game with nine chapters, draws on diverse fields including psychology, anthropology, and mythology to understand baseball's unique relationship with magic.