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Winnie Byanyima, head of UNAIDS, warned that funding cuts and repressive legislation are creating the biggest disruption to the global HIV response since its inception, putting a resurgence of the epidemic at risk.Funding Crisis and Human‑Rights Repression Threaten HIV GainsThe agency’s latest report highlights an unprecedented 23% decline in aid spending, coupled with new laws that curtail civil‑society space and target same‑sex relations, eroding decades of progress.Numbers Highlight the Scale of Setbacks570,000 AIDS‑related deaths recorded last year.1.2 million new HIV infections in the same period.Testing in high‑burden countries fell 22% year‑on‑year.Prevention services received only 11% of HIV spending in low‑ and middle‑income countries in 2024.Survey of 79 community‑led organisations showed an 85% cut in services for men who have sex with men and an 82% cut for sex workers.How Aid Cuts and Restrictive Laws Undermine PreventionReduced funding has slashed condom distribution, medication for pre‑exposure prophylaxis, and community‑led outreach. New domestic financing is skewed toward treatment rather than prevention, leaving vulnerable groups without essential services.Legislation such as Uganda’s “sovereignty bill” restricts external funding for civil‑society groups, further marginalising organisations that historically delivered HIV services to high‑risk populations.Outlook: Rising Infections and Mortality on the HorizonByanyima predicts “rising new infections, and rising numbers of people dying of HIV‑related illness” if the current trajectory continues. The agency plans a working group proposal for October, envisioning a smaller but more dispersed UN joint programme to sustain the response.

Senegal's recent enactment of a harsh anti-gay law has sent shockwaves through the country's LGBTQ+ community and healthcare system. The law, which doubles the maximum prison term to 10 years for same-sex activities and criminalizes the 'promotion' of homosexuality, has led to a surge in arrests and a climate of fear.Over 60 people have been detained since February on charges related to same-sex relations, with many facing forced HIV testing and additional penalties for those who test positive. This has resulted in a significant decline in HIV healthcare services, with a 34.5% drop in consultations recorded at 22 treatment sites across the country.The law's broad framing also risks criminalizing legitimate human rights activities, including those of lawyers, health workers, journalists, and NGOs. This has led to organizations like UJEC (Union des Jeunes Engagés pour Notre Communauté) suspending their services, leaving vulnerable populations without access to essential support and healthcare.Senegal's HIV prevention system, which had been considered one of Africa's most resilient, is now under threat. The country's HIV prevalence among MSM is alarmingly high at 27.6%, and the new law is expected to exacerbate this issue by driving key populations underground and making them more reluctant to seek treatment or testing.The international community has expressed concern, with UNAIDS urging the president not to sign the legislation and highlighting that new HIV infections in Senegal rose by 36% between 2010 and 2024. The situation is further complicated by funding cuts and the US freeze on foreign assistance, which have already weakened the HIV response in the country.As the situation continues to unfold, there are reports of people fleeing Senegal for neighboring countries or seeking asylum in France. The Senegalese Ministry of Justice and supreme court have declined to comment, leaving many to wonder whether the country's HIV prevention system can survive this new legislation and the fear it has instilled.