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Capturing the Essence of the 1950s Jazz SceneThe article provides a visual journey through a pivotal era in American music history. Through the lens of Steve Schapiro, the narrative captures the raw energy and artistic freedom that defined the jazz scene. The collaboration between the photographer and the musician offers a unique perspective on the personalities that shaped the genre.Focus on the collaboration between the photographer and the musician.Highlighting the specific atmosphere of the golden age.The Cultural Data of a Bygone EraWhile specific financial metrics are absent, the cultural value of this documentation is immeasurable. These images serve as a tangible record of a time when jazz was at the forefront of cultural revolution. The volume of history captured in these frames provides a data set of artistic expression that is invaluable to historians.Preserving the Legacy of a Musical EraThis collection matters because it offers a window into the past for new generations. It validates the artistic integrity of the time and ensures that the contributions of figures like Sonny Rollins are not forgotten. The visual documentation serves as a bridge connecting modern audiences to the roots of modern music.The Enduring Influence of Golden Age ImageryLooking forward, these photographs will likely serve as the definitive visual archive for jazz historians and music enthusiasts. They will continue to inspire new artists and documentaries, cementing the visual legacy of the golden age for decades to come.

The LeadPresident Donald Trump has made a surprising appointment, naming businessman and federal housing regulator Bill Pulte as the new acting director of national intelligence (DNI), replacing former Hawaii congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard who resigned last month. The announcement came via Trump's social media platform, with the president highlighting Pulte's experience in managing large financial matters while overlooking his complete lack of intelligence background.The Appointment DetailsTrump's announcement on Tuesday revealed that Pulte will continue to serve as director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) and chair of federally supported mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac while taking on the DNI role. The president emphasized Pulte's experience with what he called "the most sensitive matters in America, the safety and soundness of the Markets, and over 10 Trillion Dollars at Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac."As acting DNI, Pulte will oversee 18 intelligence departments including the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the National Security Agency (NSA), which monitors foreign communications and helps defend the US against cyberattacks. The appointment is temporary, allowing Pulte to serve for up to 210 days without needing Senate confirmation, potentially through the November midterm elections.The BackgroundBill Pulte, 38, is a graduate of Northwestern University and heir to his family's residential development firm, PulteGroup—one of the largest homebuilders in the US, founded by his grandfather in the 1950s. He previously founded a private equity firm called Pulte Capital and is involved in large-scale philanthropic activities.Pulte has positioned himself as a loyal Trump supporter, having encouraged prosecutions of the president's perceived political enemies. He has accused New York Attorney General Letitia James and California's US Senator Adam Schiff, both Democrats, and Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, an appointee of Democratic former President Joe Biden, of mortgage fraud. However, federal grand juries have refused to indict James, and no charges have been brought against Schiff or Cook, who all deny the allegations.Notably, Pulte has no experience in intelligence operations, a fact that has drawn significant criticism. During his vetting process for the FHFA position, Senator Elizabeth Warren, a Democrat, revealed that Pulte had deleted 25,000 social media posts before Trump nominated him.The Political ReactionsThe appointment has drawn widespread skepticism from lawmakers and intelligence officials across party lines. Senate Democratic Leader Charles Schumer called Pulte a "partisan thug," stating that "a guy who can file such baseless, political and outrageous charges against political office holders he doesn't like can't be entrusted to protect our national security."Several Republican senators have also expressed concerns about Pulte's qualifications. Republican Senator John Cornyn, a member of the Senate Intelligence Committee, stated: "I don't see any evidence of qualifications for that job." Arkansas Senator Tom Cotton, who chairs the Senate Intelligence Committee, declined to comment on Pulte's national security credentials, saying "I have no observations on the matter."Other Republican senators including Thom Tillis of North Carolina, Bill Cassidy of Louisiana, and Cornyn of Texas joined the criticism. "Doesn't seem qualified," Cassidy said. "When we looked at his background for the current confirmation, I thought most of his experience was in the building industry. I didn't know he had any national security experience," Tillis added.Senator Mark Warner, a Democrat from Virginia and vice chair of the Senate Intelligence Committee, expressed concerns that Pulte was selected "precisely because the White House believes he will provide the narrative it wants, not the intelligence we need." Senator Warren similarly criticized the appointment, stating that Trump is "rewarding his lackey – who has no national security experience – with a perch atop our nation's intelligence community."The Future OutlookPulte can serve in the DNI position for up to 210 days without Senate confirmation, a timeframe that would allow him to remain in the post through the November midterm elections. However, if Trump decides to nominate him for the position permanently, Pulte faces a challenging confirmation process in the narrowly divided Senate.Republican Senator John Thune acknowledged this challenge, stating: "If he's somebody we want in that position permanently, he's got a lengthy road ahead of him." The skepticism from both Democratic and Republican lawmakers suggests that Pulte would face significant opposition in any permanent confirmation process.The appointment comes at a critical time for US intelligence agencies, which are responsible for providing unbiased assessments of global threats. Critics worry that Pulte's lack of experience and perceived political motivations could compromise the independence and effectiveness of the intelligence community.

The Exhibition A new exhibition of Elizabeth Blackadder's work focuses on her wintry Tuscan landscapes and minimalist still life compositions, showcasing a less familiar side of the artist. Early Landscapes and Still Lifes The exhibition features early works, including a series of Italian landscapes rendered in gouache and watercolour in the 1950s, and still life oil paintings from the 1960s and 1970s. The Artistic Style Blackadder's landscapes are softly rendered in earthy tones, with simplified forms that become almost abstract. Her still life compositions feature personal objects, such as a coffee pot, and showcase her increasing confidence in minimalist styles. The Impact of the Exhibition The exhibition offers a new perspective on Blackadder's work, highlighting her versatility and skill as an artist. It also provides an opportunity for viewers to appreciate her lesser-known works. The Future of the Exhibition The exhibition, titled 'Quiet Observations, Landscapes and Interiors 1955 to 1975,' runs from June 4 to July 4 at the Jenna Burlingham Gallery in Kingsclere. Admission is free, and the paintings are for sale.

Marilyn Monroe's Inner Circle Marilyn Monroe's life and legacy have been extensively documented, but her friendships with women are often overlooked. The article explores her relationships with those closest to her, revealing a more nuanced side to the iconic actress. Female Friendships Monroe had many female friends, including Amy Greene, the widow of photographer Milton Greene. Greene shared her home with Monroe for several years in the mid-1950s and remembers the scrutiny they faced: "Girlfriends would say, 'Are you out of your mind to have that woman in your house?' I'd say, 'What's wrong with you? There's nothing there. They're business partners!'" The Power of Platonic Relationships Monroe's friendships with women like Lauren Bacall and Betty Grable are well-documented, particularly in films like How to Marry a Millionaire and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. Her relationship with Jane Russell, her co-star in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, was particularly significant, with Russell recalling a day at the beach with close female friends: "[We] had wine, music and more talk by the fire … I thought of Marilyn. I wished I had her phone number, because I knew she belonged there, where we were all laughing about our problems." Male Friends and Collaborators While Monroe's relationships with men like John F. Kennedy have been widely reported, her platonic friendships with men like photographer Lawrence Schiller were also important to her. Schiller worked with Monroe on a nude photoshoot, one of the most scandalous of her career. A More Nuanced Legacy The article highlights the complexity of Monroe's relationships and challenges the notion that she was solely a sex symbol. Her friendships with women, in particular, reveal a more vulnerable and human side to her personality.

The British Solving Championship: An Opportunity for Chess Enthusiasts This week’s puzzle is a chance to enter an annual national competition in which Guardian readers ­traditionally perform well and in ­considerable numbers. White in the diagram, ­playing as usual up the board, is to play and checkmate in two moves, against any black defence. The Event Details The puzzle is the first stage of the annual Winton British Solving Championship, organised by the British Chess Problem Society and sponsored by the investment ­managers ­Winton. This competition is only open to ­British ­residents and entry is free. To take part, simply send White’s first move by post to Nigel Dennis, Boundary House, 230 Greys Road, Henley-on-Thames, Oxon RG9 1QY, or by email to [email protected]. Entry Requirements and Deadline All entries must be postmarked or emailed no later than 31 July 2026. Entrants must provide their name and home address. Juniors under 18 on 31 August 2025 must also give their date of birth. The Competition Structure The best 15-20 players from the postal round, plus the best juniors, will be invited to the final at Harrow school on Saturday 13 February 2027, where the prize money is expected to be at least £1,600. The winner of the final will have the right to represent Great Britain at the 2027 world ­solving championships, an event where GB are often medal contenders. A Note on Chess and Professionals Back in the 1950s most top English players were amateurs, often civil servants or teachers, who competed in tournaments during their vacations. After the 1970s Fischer boom and English successes brought an influx of sponsors, chess professionals could earn a decent living, but the tide turned again during the 1990s. The breakup of the Soviet Union brought harder international competition, while Nigel Short’s world title defeat and the move to screen rather than print marketing drove sponsors away. A New Grandmaster: Harry Grieve Harry Grieve became England’s latest grandmaster on Tuesday when the 25-year-old, who was British champion in 2022 and helped CSC/Kingston finish second in this season’s UK 4NCL League, won first prize in Budapest with a 7/9 total.

Sonny Rollins' Enduring Legacy: 10 Essential Recordings Sonny Rollins, a jazz icon, has left an indelible mark on the music world. With a career spanning over seven decades, Rollins has consistently pushed the boundaries of jazz, showcasing his mastery and innovation. Here are 10 of his greatest recordings: Tenor Madness (released on Craft/OJC, 1956) A 30-year-old Sonny Rollins had already made his unique mark with Miles Davis and Thelonious Monk by the time this 1956 session was cut. Hooking up with his contemporary and admirer John Coltrane happened by chance on the two-tenor blues chase of this album's title. Saxophone Colossus (Prestige, 1957) This writer's first connection with Sonny Rollins' music was occasioned not by music but words: poetic New Yorker writer Whitney Balliett's evocative review of Sonny Rollins' 1957 Saxophone Colossus. Rollins was partnered on this classic set by pianist Tommy Flanagan, bassist Doug Watkins, and bebop-pioneering drummer Max Roach. Way Out West (Contemporary, 1957) When UK jazz musician Courtney Pine was blossoming as a teenage saxophonist in the early 80s, he would recall that Sonny Rollins' 1957 recording Way Out West was a key inspiration. The format was a Rollins favourite in his own early years – the demanding setup of a sax improviser with just bass and drums in support. A Night at the Village Vanguard (Blue Note, 1957) Rollins' live recordings are not as abundant as his genius in open situations deserves, but this music from New York's Village Vanguard makes up a lot of the ground. Freed from the march of chords by the absence of a pianist, he's in storming form in the company of rock-solid bassist Wilbur Ware and soon to be legendary Coltrane drummer Elvin Jones. Freedom Suite (Riverside, 1958) Rollins was never a natural composer – like Miles Davis, he preferred tunes that could be sketched on the back of envelopes. But Freedom Suite was an interesting departure for him, occasioned by the political climate of US race relations and civil rights in the late 1950s. The Bridge (RCA, 1962) Rollins took a creative break between 1959 and 1961, and his return came with The Bridge, named after the eccentric refuge he found: practising alone on New York's Williamsburg Bridge with only passing trains for company. Live at Ronnie Scott's (Gearbox Records; recorded January 1965) Rollins' visits as a solo performer to London's Ronnie Scott's club in the late 50s and early 60s introduced his mesmerising magic to UK audiences, and also helped to galvanise the local scene's confidence at a time when European jazz became increasingly emancipated from the US. Sunny Days, Starry Nights (Milestone, 1984) From the 1980s onwards, Rollins settled into a concert groove that was predictable – by his exacting improvisational standards – and frequently dazzling for audiences new to him. Sunny Days, Starry Nights showcased him with partners who would regularly join him on stage for the rest of his life. This Is What I Do (Milestone, 2000) The best and most affectionately closeup manifestation of Sonny Rollins' genius as he hit his 70s. The saxophonist's later-life partners are present, and so is one of contemporary jazz's greatest drums pioneers in Jack DeJohnette. Without a Song: The 9/11 Concert (Milestone; recorded 2001) Sonny Rollins and his wife, Lucille, lived close to the World Trade Center, witnessed the buildings' collapse on 9/11, and had to evacuate their apartment shortly afterwards. Four days later, the saxophonist performed and recorded this evocative session with his regular sidemen at the Berklee School of Music in Boston.

The Lead: One Nation's Standalone Climate Denial As the populist right-wing One Nation party gains momentum in Australian polls, it maintains a firm stance against decades of climate science evidence showing the planet and Australia are warming. The party claims to be the only political force in Australia questioning climate science, but experts say this position is not only scientifically baseless but increasingly out of step with global trends in climate misinformation. The Event Details: One Nation's Climate Contradictions One Nation's position on climate change is rooted in denial and conspiracy theories, despite overwhelming scientific evidence. The party's energy and climate policies have previously been literal cut-and-pastes from the now-defunct climate denial group the Galileo Movement. Currently, One Nation rejects the scientific consensus that the planet and Australia are warming, claiming extreme weather was more prevalent before 1960—a position climate scientists have compared to believing the Earth is flat. The party also wants Australia to leave the Paris Agreement and would push to close down the federal climate change department "and all related agencies, regulations and programs." They proudly declare: "We are the only political party to question climate science." The Data Analysis: Australia's Unequivocal Warming Trend Despite One Nation's claims, Australia has experienced significant warming since 1910. The Bureau of Meteorology's official long-term climate dataset shows Australia has warmed by 1.5°C since 1910. Temperature readings before this period are not included in the official dataset because they were often taken with non-standardized equipment, making them less reliable. Research into pre-1910 temperature records shows temperatures from 1860 to 1909 were similar to those from 1910 to 1959. Since 1960, both maximum and minimum temperatures have risen significantly. The independent Berkeley Earth group's analysis of historical temperature data confirms Australia has warmed substantially since the 1880s. One Nation points to a single weather station in Newcastle (Nobby's) to claim no pattern of warming exists—a classic example of cherry-picking data while ignoring the broader evidence showing temperatures are warming across Australia. The Impact Analysis: Political Consequences of Climate Denial One Nation's climate denial positions have significant political implications in Australia. Research from CSIRO a decade ago suggested that views on climate change can be influenced by how a person votes, rather than the other way around. This means votes for One Nation could lead more people to reject established climate science. Dr. John Cook, an expert on climate science denial, notes that One Nation is "not only out of touch with the scientific evidence, they're even out of touch with the rest of the climate denial community." Over the past decade, climate misinformation has transitioned from science denial to attacking climate solutions, as the scientific evidence for human-caused global warming has become undeniable. Prof. Sarah Perkins-Kirkpatrick, a climate scientist at Australian National University, emphasizes: "There's a wealth of evidence that extreme heat events are increasing worldwide since the 1950s. We see increased intensity of droughts and heatwaves and the intensity of tropical cyclones is increasing." The Prediction: Future of Climate Politics in Australia As climate impacts worsen in Australia—with more frequent and intense heatwaves, bushfires, and extreme weather events—One Nation's climate denial stance may become increasingly untenable politically. The party's net zero conspiracies, including claims that climate action is part of a plot to create a "socialist Australia," are based on misinformation and misrepresentations of statements by figures like former World Economic Forum chair Klaus Schwab. One Nation's assertions that renewable energy is causing electricity price increases are also contradicted by experts. Research from CSIRO suggests that if 82% of Australia's electricity came from renewables backed by storage, the cost of generation would be a third less than current prices. The real drivers of rising electricity costs are aging infrastructure and rising international gas prices, not the transition to renewables. As Australia faces increasing climate impacts, political parties that reject established climate science may find themselves increasingly isolated, both scientifically and politically. The future of Australian climate politics may depend on how mainstream parties respond to One Nation's misinformation and whether they can effectively communicate the scientific consensus on climate change.

The Ultimate Question: Football's Title Winners Without International CapsWhen Steve Bruce won three Premier League titles with Manchester United without ever earning an international cap, it raised an interesting question: which player has won the most league championships without winning an international cap? The answer reveals a fascinating collection of players who dominated domestically but never represented their countries at the international level.Record Holders: The Unheralded ChampionsThe undisputed champion in this category is Welsh defender Chris Marriott, who won an incredible 12 Welsh titles with The New Saints. Following closely behind is Irish midfielder Sean Gannon, who has accumulated 11 League of Ireland Premier Division medals with four different clubs: Shamrock Rovers (four times), St Patrick's Athletic, Dundalk (five times), and Shelbourne.Other notable record holders include:Sven Ulreich - 9-10 Bundesliga titles with Bayern Munich (mostly from the bench)John Brown - 8 league titles with Rangers without a Scotland capMikhail Kerzhakov - 7 titles with Zenit Saint PetersburgDanilo Gabriel de Andrade - 7 top-flight league titles across Brazil and JapanTommy Callaghan and John Fallon - 6 league titles each with CelticStatistical Breakdown: Tiers of Domestic DominanceThe analysis reveals several tiers of players who achieved significant domestic success without international recognition:Three titles: Ángel Atienza, David Fairclough, Bernd Wehmeyer, Scott Nisbet, Lorenzo Amoruso, Arsenio Erico, Nicola Amoruso, Oleguer, Stevan Stojanovic, Scott SinclairFour titles: José Neto, Jimmy Case, Fred Grim, Sergio BrioFive titles: Simone Padoin, Filippo Galli, Georges Polny, Remy Vercoutre, Gert Bals, Guy Marchoul, Craig JohnstonSix titles: Humberto Fernandes, Fernando Bandeirinha, Ismaily, André RamalhoSeven titles: Mikhail KerzhakovEight titles: Manolín BuenoTwelve titles: Chris MarriottHistorical Context: The Evolution of Club LoyaltyMany of these players achieved their remarkable title records through exceptional club loyalty. The early era of football saw players like James Richardson Spensley win six Serie A titles with Genoa between 1898 and 1904 without representing England. Similarly, Antonio Ruiz won four league titles and four European Cups with Real Madrid in the 1950s and 60s without earning an international cap.These players often found success with dominant teams of their era, benefiting from the stability and strength of clubs that consistently challenged for titles season after season.The Modern Era: Specialized Roles and Domestic ExcellenceIn contemporary football, the trend continues with players in specialized roles achieving remarkable domestic success. Goalkeepers like Sven Ulreich have accumulated numerous titles primarily as backup keepers, while players in less glamorous positions have flourished in domestic leagues without attracting international attention.The modern game has also seen players from smaller domestic leagues achieve extraordinary title records, particularly in regions with less competitive international football, allowing them to focus on club achievements without the pressure of international selection.

The Lead: A New Book Charts Four Decades of US Men’s SoccerLeander Schaerlaeckens spent three years researching and writing *The Long Game: U.S. Men’s Soccer and its Four‑Decade Journey to the Top, or Thereabouts*, which hits shelves on Tuesday. The book offers a deep‑dive into the USMNT’s rise, blending archival research with fresh interviews to explain how a once‑peripheral side became a regular World Cup knockout contender.The Evolution of USMNT: From Early World Cup Appearances to Modern ContendersThe USMNT’s story begins with a surprising third‑place finish in 1930, followed by a series of setbacks: a crushing 7‑1 loss to Italy in 1934, a historic 1‑0 upset of England in 1950, and a prolonged period of near‑invisibility. The 1950s‑60s saw the team lose four qualifiers to Mexico by a combined 20‑3 margin, endure an 11‑year winless streak, and even field a squad that had to recruit a fan from the stands for a 1974 qualifier. The 1983 experiment of “Team America” in the NASL ended in last‑place finish and dissolution after one season. By 1990 the US returned to the World Cup, and by 2002 it reached the quarter‑finals, cementing a three‑decade run of consistent tournament appearances.Numbers That Mark the Turnaround1930: US finished 3rd in the inaugural World Cup.1934: Suffered a 7‑1 defeat to Italy.1950: Shocked England with a 1‑0 win.1954‑58 qualifiers: lost to Mexico 20‑3 on aggregate.1970s players received a meagre $5‑a‑day per diem.Book research included 150+ interviews with players, coaches, and administrators.How the USMNT’s Rise Reshapes American SoccerThe book highlights a pattern of hiring high‑profile foreign coaches—Alkis Panagoulias, Bora Milutinović, Jürgen Klinsmann, Mauricio Pochettino—whenever domestic options falter, only to swing back to American managers like Bob Gansler, Bob Bradley, and Gregg Berhalter. This oscillation reflects broader tensions in US soccer development, from fragmented youth pipelines to the growing influence of MLS academies. Player stories—Tyler Adams overcoming geographic barriers, Matt Turner emerging from the college system, Ricardo Pepi navigating dual national identity, Antonee Robinson benefiting from globalization, Christian Pulisic rejecting fame, and Weston McKennie narrowly avoiding obscurity—illustrate how individual pathways now feed a more competitive national pool.Looking Ahead: What the Next Decade May Hold for US Men’s SoccerWith a more robust academy infrastructure, increasing MLS investment, and a generation of players accustomed to elite European competition, the USMNT is poised to challenge for deeper World Cup runs. However, sustaining success will require consistent coaching philosophy, better integration of dual‑national talent, and continued growth of the domestic fanbase. If these factors align, the next ten years could see the United States not just reaching knockout stages but regularly contending for a semifinal spot.