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Cambodia's limestone caves have long been a mystery, hiding secrets beneath their rugged exteriors. Recently, a team of explorers ventured into these karst formations and uncovered new species that have shed light on the country's rich biodiversity. The discovery highlights the importance of preserving these unique ecosystems, which are home to a wide range of flora and fauna. Cambodia's limestone caves are a prime example of the karst ecosystem, a type of landscape formed from soluble rocks like limestone. The new species found in these caves are a testament to the region's incredible natural heritage. As researchers continue to explore and study these ecosystems, they are gaining a deeper understanding of the complex relationships between species and their environments.

The Albanese government is likely to introduce an extra levy on gas producers' high profits in response to the Iran crisis driving up energy costs for Australians. The prime minister's department has requested Treasury modelling of additional levies on gas companies, stating that energy producers 'should not benefit from high international prices at the expense of domestic customers'.Australia's gas industry is reaping extraordinary profits while households and businesses struggle with high fuel prices. This has sparked calls for a fair share levy to ensure gas companies pay their fair share of tax. The levy, based on Norway's taxation model, would see Australia share around 50% of profits, much more in line with world standards.Currently, Australia shares only 27% of fossil fuel profits, with some estimates as low as 18% when profit is defined in cashflow terms. In contrast, other major fossil fuel exporting countries typically share between 75% and 90% of profits.The fair share levy would provide significant and immediate cost-of-living relief if some of the revenue raised was returned to households. Research shows 87% of voters support a fair share levy, with only 3% disagreeing.Despite potential outrage from the gas industry, the levy is designed to not increase gas prices or deter investment, as seen in Norway's successful implementation. A stable, long-term commitment to the fair share levy would provide investment certainty.

A new and disturbing trend in scams, known as 'friendship fraud,' is on the rise, specifically targeting older people who are lonely or bereaved. This type of scam involves criminals using social media platforms to build relationships with potential victims, often over a long period, before requesting money for various reasons. The scam typically begins with a connection on social media, where the fraudster will research and tailor their initial messages to appear as though they share common interests with the victim. Once a level of trust is established, the scammer will begin to make requests for money, often for small amounts or seemingly urgent needs. According to TSB, the average amount lost by victims of friendship fraud is £3,100. In some cases, victims have lost as much as £4,000 or more over several years. The fraudsters often request payments through bank transfers or gift cards, making it difficult for victims to recover their losses. Experts warn that older people who are lonely or bereaved are particularly vulnerable to these scams, as they may be more desperate for human connection and more likely to trust someone who appears to share their interests. Caroline Abrahams of Age UK describes the fraud as 'especially horrible and insidious,' noting that it can have devastating consequences for victims, including financial loss, health issues, and a breakdown in trust. To avoid falling victim to friendship fraud, experts advise severing contact immediately if someone you met online requests money. If you suspect you or someone you know has been targeted, report it to Report Fraud and discuss it with your bank. Documenting all interactions with the scammer can also help in efforts to recover losses or prosecute the fraudster.

Palantir, one of the world's biggest tech companies, has been accused of launching an intimidation campaign against a small Swiss magazine, Republik, after it published an investigative report on the company's activities in Switzerland.The report, which was a collaboration between Republik and the independent Swiss research collective WAV, alleged that Palantir had persistently courted Switzerland but had been rejected. The investigation found that Palantir had pitched itself to Switzerland's chancellor during the Covid-19 pandemic to help with data tracking, approached the Swiss army, and met Switzerland's then finance minister, Ueli Maurer.Palantir was not happy with the report and filed a lawsuit in a Swiss commercial court demanding that Republik print a detailed rebuttal. The company claims that the report paints a false and misleading narrative about Palantir and sets back important discourse on European software modernisation.The journalists behind the report say they had interviewed company executives and sent a full list of questions before publication, but that Palantir demanded they print a detailed rebuttal that went beyond the scope of their investigation. The lawsuit has sparked concerns about Palantir's tactics and the impact on journalism, with the European Federation of Journalists claiming that the legal action is an attempt at intimidation aimed at discouraging critical analysis of Palantir's activities."It does feel like an intimidation campaign," says Marguerite Meyer, a journalist who works with WAV. "However, we adhered to all journalistic standards, and had a thorough factcheck done. They are suing for an absurd list of changes."The investigation, which was published in December, gave an account of Palantir's years-long efforts to try to sell itself to the Swiss government. The journalists found that despite Palantir's efforts, no government contracts had been reported."We tried to find out, is there any kind of government agency that uses this software? I mean, they are in Switzerland, eventually some government official maybe thought they could use this Palantir," says Balz Oertli, who is also with WAV.The lawsuit has raised questions about Palantir's influence and the limits of journalistic scrutiny. Swiss law allows the subjects of a story to request a right of reply, but this has caveats: the right of reply has to be concise and stick to the facts of the story."This lawsuit for a right of reply is not about whether Republik was technically inaccurate or not. It is only about whether Palantir is allowed to place its view of the facts alongside that of Republik and whether Republik must publish it," says Dominique Strebel, an expert in media law and the editor-in-chief of Beobachter, another Swiss magazine.

The United Kingdom's growing fascination with doodle breeds may require reconsideration following new research indicating that certain designer crossbreed dogs display more behavioral problems than their purebred ancestors.Crossbreeds between poodles and other canine varieties have surged in popularity across the UK, driven by the belief that these dogs will be hypoallergenic, healthy, and child-friendly.However, the study published in Plos One has discovered that cockapoos (cockerspaniel-poodle mixes) and cavapoos (cavalier king charles spaniel-poodle mixes) demonstrate more undesirable behaviors than their respective purebred parent breeds.The research team, led by scientists at the Royal Veterinary College, analyzed comprehensive data from 3,424 crossbreed and 5,978 purebred dogs through owner questionnaires focusing on cockapoo, labradoodle, cavapoo, cocker spaniel, labrador retriever, cavalier king charles spaniel, and poodle owners.The questionnaire assessed owner demographics, expectations, training methods, and included 73 behavioral questions that generated ratings across 12 different behavior scales.Cockapoos exhibited significantly more problematic behaviors than poodles on six different scales, including owner-directed aggression, stranger-directed aggression, dog rivalry, non-social fear, separation-related problems, and excitability.When compared to cocker spaniels, cockapoos additionally showed increased undesirable behaviors in dog-directed aggression, stranger-directed fear, dog-directed fear, and trainability.Cavapoos demonstrated different behavioral patterns compared to poodles on three scales and performed worse than cavalier king charles spaniels on eight of the nine scales where differences were observed.Labradoodles showed better behavioral scores than poodles across all six differing scales but performed worse than labradors on all five scales where differences were found.Professor Daniel Mills of the University of Lincoln, not involved in the study, emphasized that behavior results from the complex interaction between genetics and environment. He noted that cultural factors, including differences in owner behavior and training approaches between breeds, likely contribute significantly to the observed variations.The study authors recommend that potential dog owners should thoroughly investigate breed characteristics during pre-purchase research to avoid making uninformed decisions about breed selection.

Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery that could lead to the development of new obesity drugs. By studying the unique metabolic abilities of pythons, researchers have identified a molecule that appears to play a crucial role in regulating appetite and weight loss. The molecule, called pTOS, was found to increase significantly in the blood of pythons after they eat, and when administered to obese mice, it led to a significant reduction in food intake and a 9% loss of body weight over 28 days. The discovery could lead to the development of new obesity drugs that work in a different way to existing medications, such as GLP-1 medications like Wegovy. Unlike these medications, which can have side effects such as nausea and stomach pain, pTOS appears to act on the brain's appetite centers, reducing food intake without these adverse effects. The researchers, led by Dr. Jonathan Long from Stanford University and Prof. Leslie Leinwand from the University of Colorado Boulder, published their findings in the journal Nature Metabolism. They believe that pTOS, which is naturally produced by the snake's gut bacteria and also found in human urine, could be a safe and effective treatment for obesity. While further research is needed before the findings can be applied clinically, the discovery is seen as a promising step towards the development of new obesity treatments. The study's results suggest that pTOS could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders.

Rapid‑Action Spyware: The Darksword Campaign UnveiledResearchers at Google, iVerify and Lookout traced a fresh wave of iPhone attacks against Ukrainian users to a toolkit they named Darksword. The tool, linked to the threat actor UNC6353, infiltrates devices via compromised Ukrainian websites, siphons passwords, photos, messaging app data and wallet credentials, then vanishes within minutes.Technical Footprint and Quick‑Turnover MetricsInfection vector: malicious scripts on Ukrainian‑hosted sites, active only for visitors inside Ukraine.Data exfiltration window: minutes of dwell time, depending on volume of harvested information.Capabilities: extraction of WhatsApp, Telegram, SMS, browser history, and cryptocurrency wallet keys.Design: modular architecture allowing rapid addition of new functions, mirroring the earlier Coruna toolkit.Geopolitical and Security ImplicationsThe Darksword operation underscores a growing trend of state‑aligned actors deploying highly specialized mobile spyware for short‑term, high‑value “smash‑and‑grab” missions. While the campaign was geographically limited to Ukraine, its sophistication suggests that similar tools could be repurposed for broader espionage or financial theft, raising concerns for iPhone users worldwide and prompting a reassessment of mobile threat models.Future Outlook: Modular Spyware on the RiseAnalysts predict that the success of Darksword will encourage further development of modular iPhone exploits that prioritize rapid data theft over persistent surveillance. Defensive measures will likely focus on hardening web‑delivery chains, improving app‑store vetting, and enhancing on‑device anomaly detection to counter fleeting, high‑impact attacks.

The world of ballet has long been associated with a specific physical ideal, particularly when it comes to foot shape. However, dancers with flat feet are proving that this condition is not a barrier to success. For Claudia Efemini, picking up her ballet shoes again after six years was a bittersweet experience. While she was excited to revisit a childhood hobby, she was also disheartened by the memory of being discouraged from pursuing ballet due to her flat feet.The industry's obsession with 'perfect' feet, characterized by high arches, has led some dancers to use fake arches, or farches, to create the illusion of more flexible feet. However, flat-footed dancers like Alex Maureen and Ruth Essel are thriving in the ballet world. Maureen, a performer and dance instructor at New York University, and Essel, founder of Pointe Black, a London-based ballet school, reject the notion that flat feet are an obstacle to success.Research shows that Black people are more prone to having flat feet, but Essel and Maureen's experiences demonstrate that this condition does not predetermine one's potential in ballet. Through education and self-advocacy, they have overcome discouraging beliefs about their feet and developed strategies to work with their body types. Essel, with a background in psychology, learned about anatomy and exercises to strengthen her ankles and improve foot mobility.Injury prevention is crucial for flat-footed dancers, who tend to land on their heels. Maureen and Essel stress the importance of educators adapting to different body types and seeking specialist advice when needed. They also highlight the need for greater diversity in ballet, including more Black pointe shoe fitters and physiotherapists.Maureen and Essel have developed checklists for their students before they start using pointe shoes, ensuring a comfortable and supportive fit. As Maureen advises, 'You just need your shoe to work for you, not against you.' For aspiring ballerinas with flat feet, Maureen's words of encouragement are 'Give yourself grace. Be kind to yourself.'

Researchers at Cortical Labs in Melbourne have created a 'biological computer' using living human tissue, which can play the 1993 shooter game Doom. The team used 10ml of blood from CEO Hon Weng Chong to harvest 100 white blood cells, which were then reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These cells were used to create a dish of 200,000 neurons that can interface with a computer system.The brain cells were taught to play Doom by encoding game state information, passing it through a neural network, and converting it into signals the neurons can understand. The neurons then fire an output, which the system decodes and converts back into actions in the game. This process is similar to how humans operate, with information going into the retina, being converted into electrical signals, processed in the brain, and resulting in an output.While the achievement has sparked concerns about sentience and consciousness, Chong believes the brain cells are not conscious, stating, 'At first it didn’t know how to move, aim or shoot. Then it would shoot two enemies and stop. So it’s definitely learning.' The next step could be integrating this technology with Neuralink, a brain-machine interface developed by Elon Musk.The application of biological computing lies not in gaming, but in medicine, such as disease modeling for conditions like epilepsy. This technology could allow for personalized drug testing and tailored treatments. Meanwhile, Eon Systems in San Francisco has created a virtual insect brain that can behave like a real fly, challenging the assumption that intelligence must be acquired.Biological systems like these could eventually power robots, drones, and other machines that need to navigate complex environments. As Chong notes, 'Abstract reasoning, mathematics and language are relatively recent in evolutionary terms... but motor control and probabilistic decision-making are things we’ve inherited through millions of years of evolution.' While we're far from uploading human consciousness into the internet, this technology marks a significant step in the development of biological computing.