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Spanish archaeologists have made a groundbreaking discovery in the Bay of Gibraltar, uncovering the wrecks of over 30 ships. The three-year project led by the University of Cádiz has identified 151 archaeological sites, including 134 shipwrecks, providing a unique glimpse into the region's rich maritime history.The bay, situated at the north end of the Strait of Gibraltar, has been a strategic waterway for thousands of years, with various cultures and nations contributing to its rich history. The oldest shipwreck discovered dates back to the fifth century BC, while other finds include 23 Roman ships, two late Roman ships, four medieval ships, and 24 vessels from the early modern period.The sunken items tell the story of war, trade, exploration, and settlement in and around one of the most strategically important waterways in the world. The wreck of the Puent Mayorga IV, a small, late 18th-century Spanish gunboat, is one of the most exciting finds. This type of boat was used for rapid, stealthy attacks on British ships of the line around Gibraltar.Researchers are now working to preserve and protect the sites, which are at risk from port development, dredging, and dock construction. The climate emergency is also a threat, bringing both rising sea levels and an invasive algae that grows over rocks and wrecks alike.To share their findings and raise awareness, the researchers have created virtual models and 360-degree videos of the sites, which are available online and in local museums and town halls. This effort aims to educate the public about the importance of preserving these archaeological sites and the rich history they hold.

The Leeds Song Festival, a top-tier celebration of the vocal arts, continues to push the envelope with its innovative performances. Director Joseph Middleton's determination to think outside the box while honoring the festival's roots in traditional recitals is evident in two vastly different concerts.The first, 'Haiku', premiered last year in Minnesota and features eight poems taken from a collection of haiku written by Japanese Americans interned during World War II. Baritone Roderick Williams and pianist Iain Burnside brought these distilled musical morsels to life, exploring themes of exile, detention, and deportation.Williams, a master storyteller, breathed life into the songs with his warm vocal embrace and expressive physicality, bringing pain and pathos, wit and wisdom to a kaleidoscopic array of songs. Burnside was his equal, providing a generous and supportive piano accompaniment.The program included highlights such as Gerald Finzi's setting of Thomas Hardy, 'Waiting Both', and Joan Trimble's 'My Grief on the Sea', a delicate Irish love song. The evening ended with Maria Grever's rumba-inflected 'What a Diff'rence a Day Made', a perfect laid-back note.The second concert, 'Dunwich', a festival commission, stretched the idea of a traditional recital to the limit. This haunting soundscape combined field recordings made at the site of Dunwich's last remaining gravestone with Martin Iddon's shape-shifting writing for piano. The piece featured slyly sinister accounts of local ghost stories, delivered by speaker Gillian Jane Lees, and eerie black-and-white videos by Adam York Gregory.

The Philharmonia's upcoming concert, 'Forged in Sound: Heavy Metal Orchestrated', at the Southbank Centre's Multitudes festival, brings together two seemingly disparate genres: heavy metal and classical music. But, as Tom Service argues, these two styles have more in common than one might think.Both heavy metal and classical music share a love of volume, virtuosity, and spectacle. From Stravinsky to Black Sabbath, and Vivaldi to Van Halen, the boundaries between these genres are blurred. The heavy metal guitar sound, for example, was forged in the classical tradition, with artists like Ritchie Blackmore and Randy Rhoads drawing inspiration from composers like Vivaldi and Pachelbel.The article also touches on the shared obsessions of classical and heavy metal music, including technique, boundary-pushing, and the pursuit of faster, louder, and more intense sounds. While the Philharmonia's concert may not push the boundaries of extremity, it highlights the fascinating connections between these two genres.Looking to the future, the article suggests that collaborations between extreme metal bands like Napalm Death and orchestras could lead to truly innovative and groundbreaking music.

The Italian comedy-drama Diamanti is set in a costume atelier in 1970s Rome and features a predominantly female ensemble. While it may be light on comedy, the drama is decidedly on the melo end of the scale, making it a sumptuously soapy dramedy. The film's strength lies in its luscious-looking period costumes, which specialize in 18th-century silhouettes and 1970s prints.Director Ferzan Özpetek brings his love and sincerity to the film, which is inspired by his visits to costume studios around Rome in the 80s. The story follows sisters Alberta (Luisa Ranieri) and Gabriella (Jasmine Trinca) as they run a studio staffed by dozens of seamstresses. The film's framing device features Özpetek himself gathering his cast for a read-through, where one character describes the female assemblage as a “vaginodromo”.The film explores various subplots, including girl-on-girl tension among the staff, a battered wife urged to defy her husband, and a political protestor with a gift for passementerie and decoupage. The costumes designed by Stefano Ciammitti convince throughout, and the film's 135-minute runtime feels breathless, never draggy.Diamanti is set to release in UK and Irish cinemas from 17 April. With its stacked cast and Özpetek's direction, this film is sure to delight fans of period dramas and costume films.

Sperm whales produce a series of rapid clicks, known as codas, that researchers have now shown contain vowel‑like elements and phonetic rules akin to those of human speech.Using advanced acoustic analysis and artificial‑intelligence tools, a team led by linguist Gašper Beguš at UC Berkeley found that variations in click length, pitch rise, and fall encode distinct “vowel” sounds, creating patterns comparable to languages such as Mandarin, Latin and Slovenian.The findings, published in the Proceedings B journal, describe the whale communication system as “highly complex” and one of the closest animal parallels to human phonology, indicating a case of independent evolution of language‑like structures.The research was conducted by Project CETI (Cetacean Translation Initiative), which has been recording sperm whales off Dominica. The project recently released video of a collaborative birth, underscoring the species’ rich social lives.According to Project CETI founder David Gruber, the whales’ “chit‑chat” occurs when individuals press their heads together near the surface, a behavior he likens to intimate, face‑to‑face conversation rather than distant shouting.By removing silent gaps between clicks, the team uncovered rhythmic patterns that function like human vowel modulation—altering vocal fold tension to shift an “A” into an “E.” This level of linguistic sophistication surpasses that observed in other vocal animals such as parrots and elephants.Behavioral ecologist Mauricio Cantor (not involved in the study) noted that the discovery reveals multiple interacting layers of structure in whale signals, a complexity previously unappreciated.Project CETI aims to identify at least 20 distinct vocal expressions—covering actions like diving, sleeping, and social bonding—within the next five years, moving toward a functional understanding of cetacean communication.Gruber remains optimistic, comparing current progress to a two‑year‑old child speaking a few words, and hopes that future research will bring the field to a five‑year‑old level of linguistic capability.

Kevin Warsh, a former Federal Reserve governor nominated by President Donald Trump to replace Jerome Powell, has filed ethics disclosures showing personal assets well above $100 million. If confirmed, he would become the wealthiest central‑bank leader in U.S. history. The 69‑page filing, released on Tuesday, lists two private‑fund investments each valued at over $50 million in the Juggernaut Fund LP, plus $10.2 million in consulting fees from the investment office of Wall Street titan Stanley Druckenmiller. Many holdings are described only in broad categories because “pre‑existing confidentiality agreements” prevent full disclosure; Warsh has pledged to divest these assets should his nomination be approved. Federal Reserve ethics rules, tightened in 2022, prohibit officials and their families from owning bank stocks, crypto‑related assets, and impose strict limits on buying and selling securities. The Fed’s own standards, set by the Federal Open Market Committee, are stricter than those governing other federal employees. Beyond the large private‑fund stakes, Warsh’s disclosures reveal a portfolio concentrated in emerging sectors such as artificial intelligence and cryptocurrency. Notable entries include the robotic‑coffee‑bar platform Cafe X, wearable‑tech firm Cionic, an Ethereum layer‑two project dubbed “Blast,” and a reversible male‑contraceptive solution called Contraline. Details for many of these positions are omitted, again citing confidentiality. The filing also enumerates assets held by Warsh’s spouse, Jane Lauder—a member of the Estee Lauder family with an estimated net worth of $1.9 billion. Her holdings feature municipal bonds listed simply as “over $1 million.” Liabilities appear modest in comparison: a 2015 mortgage of up to $5 million with JPMorgan Chase at a 2.75% rate, a revolving credit line of up to $5 million from PNC Bank at roughly 6%, and a $1.95 million capital commitment to THSDFS LLC, an interest Warsh has also pledged to divest. Ethics analyst Heather Jones of the Office of Government Ethics confirmed that Warsh’s divestiture promises would bring him into compliance with the Ethics in Government Act. Nonetheless, the breadth of undisclosed holdings is likely to dominate his upcoming confirmation hearing, scheduled for April 21. Political dynamics add further uncertainty. A key Republican senator has signaled intent to block Warsh’s confirmation until a Department of Justice investigation into Powell’s oversight of Fed‑headquarters renovations concludes. Although a federal judge recently dismissed two subpoenas targeting Powell—citing a perceived attempt to pressure him on interest‑rate policy—the Justice Department plans to appeal, potentially delaying any Senate vote. Powell has indicated he will remain “pro tem” if Warsh is not confirmed by the end of his term on May 15, and he could retain his governor seat until 2028 if he chooses.

Atletico Madrid has sent 10-man Barcelona crashing out of the Champions League, securing a spot in the semifinals with a 3-2 aggregate victory despite a 2-1 quarterfinal second leg defeat.Lamine Yamal and Ferran Torres fired visitors Barca ahead inside 24 minutes on Tuesday, but Ademola Lookman's strike gave Atletico the edge in the gripping all-Spanish tie once again after their 2-0 win in the first leg.Diego Simeone's side returned to the semifinals for the first time since 2017 by holding on against the La Liga champions in a compelling and bloody battle. Barcelona ended the game with 10 men as Eric Garcia was sent off for bringing down Alexander Sorloth as he ran in on goal, hampering their chance of finding a third goal to force extra time.Atletico, who have never won the competition and lost the 2014 and 2016 finals with Simeone at the helm, will face Arsenal or Sporting Lisbon in the semifinals.Barcelona coach Hansi Flick benched forwards Marcus Rashford and Robert Lewandowski for workhorses Torres and Gavi, looking to press Atletico relentlessly in the sixth match between these sides this season.Lamine Yamal fired the visitors ahead after just four minutes when he harried Clement Lenglet into giving the ball away. Torres nudged it back to Yamal, who slipped a low shot through Musso's legs to hush the home fans and ignite Barca's attempted comeback bid.Barcelona doubled their lead in the 24th minute to level the tie on aggregate when Torres left Lenglet trailing, reached Olmo's pass and fired across Musso into the top corner.Atletico pulled their way back into the game in the 31st minute after Barca switched off defensively for the first time. Marcos Llorente charged down the right behind the Catalans' high defensive line and crossed for Lookman to convert.The game spun away from Barca when Eric Garcia was sent off for clipping Sorloth's heels as he ran through on goal, similar to Pau Cubarsi's red card in the first leg.Flick threw centre-back Ronald Araujo up front for the final stages, but there was no way back, and Atletico gritted their teeth through eight minutes of stoppage time before the celebrations could begin.

The conflict in Sudan has now entered its third year, with the situation still widely misunderstood on the global stage. The war, which began in 2024, has led to significant humanitarian concerns and ongoing instability in the region.Despite its severity, the conflict in Sudan has not garnered the same level of international attention as other global conflicts. This lack of understanding has complicated efforts to find a peaceful resolution and provide adequate humanitarian aid to those affected.The situation in Sudan remains a critical issue in international relations, with implications for regional stability and global security. As the conflict continues, it is essential for the international community to work towards a deeper understanding of the situation and support efforts to bring peace and stability to the region.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has issued a stark warning: if the Strait of Hormuz remains blocked by the ongoing US‑Israel conflict with Iran, the world could face a food ‘catastrophe’. The disruption is already halting shipments of vital agricultural inputs, a situation that could quickly cascade into higher food prices. FAO chief economist Maximo Torero told Al Jazeera that, for now, food prices have stayed stable because existing stockpiles are absorbing the shock. However, he cautioned that this buffer is temporary and that “the clock is ticking.” FAO agrifood economics director David Laborde added that if traffic does not resume, the resulting strain on energy and fertilizer markets will translate into “higher commodity and retail prices later this year and into 2027.” According to the FAO, 20‑45% of key agrifood inputs—including fertilizers, pesticides and feed—depend on maritime passage through the Hormuz chokepoint. Nearly half of the world’s traded urea, the most widely used fertilizer, also moves through the strait, making global agriculture highly vulnerable. Recent gas supply disruptions have already forced fertilizer plants in the Gulf and beyond to cut or halt production, raising concerns that farmers may have to reduce fertilizer use or face higher production costs. Torero emphasized that poorer countries are especially at risk because planting calendars leave little room for delays; a slowdown in input delivery could quickly lead to “lower output, higher inflation and slower global growth.” The blockade stems from Iran’s decision to bring traffic to a near‑total halt in retaliation for attacks by the United States and Israel, which launched a war on Tehran on 28 February, resulting in the death of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The conflict has already doubled oil and gas prices compared with pre‑war levels. Negotiations between Iranian and US representatives over a 21‑hour marathon failed to secure a permanent ceasefire. Subsequently, US President Donald Trump announced a naval blockade, stating that the navy would interdict ships in international waters that had paid Iran a toll to traverse the strait. The US military later declared it would block all maritime traffic entering and exiting Iranian ports, including those in the Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. FAO officials stress that decisive action—both a sustained ceasefire and the reopening of the waterway—is essential to prevent the looming food crisis from becoming a full‑blown catastrophe.