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The conflict in Iran has underscored how fragile a world built on fossil fuels truly is, with disruptions to oil, gas and fertilizer shipments adding millions of tonnes of greenhouse‑gas emissions to an already critical climate system.While Saudi Arabia and other petrostates blocked any mention of a fossil‑fuel phase‑out at the UN COP30 summit last November, a new diplomatic effort is gathering momentum outside the UN framework.On 28‑29 April, Colombia will host the First International Conference on the Just Transition Away from Fossil Fuels. Unlike UN negotiations, the summit will be decided by majority vote, preventing a handful of countries from derailing progress.The event is co‑sponsored by Colombia – the world’s fifth‑largest coal exporter – and the Netherlands, home to Royal Dutch Shell. Organisers have invited nations that supported the COP30 roadmap, as well as sub‑national leaders such as California Governor Gavin Newsom, a potential 2028 U.S. presidential contender.Delegates, described as a “coalition of the willing”, will share concrete plans to shift their economies away from fossil fuels while safeguarding workers and communities. Climate activists, Indigenous representatives and trade‑union leaders will also contribute ideas for turning the abstract goal of decarbonisation into actionable policy.One focal point will be the reduction of the $7 trillion per year in global fossil‑fuel subsidies, a figure that the International Energy Agency warns could be trimmed without harming the livelihoods that depend on these funds. UN Secretary‑General António Guterres has urged the International Energy Agency to create a platform that aligns the decline of fossil‑fuel investment with rapid clean‑energy expansion.The real leverage of this coalition lies in its economic weight. The 85 countries that backed the COP30 roadmap together account for a gross national product of $33.3 trillion—surpassing the United States’ $30.6 trillion and far exceeding China’s $19.4 trillion.If the Just Transition conference produces a credible, market‑oriented plan, it could send a clear signal to investors and policymakers that the era of oil, gas and coal is ending, prompting a reallocation of capital away from stranded‑asset risks.Adding California’s $4.1 trillion GDP to the coalition’s total would create an economic bloc of roughly $37.4 trillion, approaching the combined $50 trillion output of the United States and China.Newsom has repeatedly positioned California as a climate leader, noting that two‑thirds of the state’s electricity now comes from non‑carbon sources and that its economy has risen from the world’s sixth to fourth largest. He pledged that California will fill the void left by the United States’ retreat from the Paris Agreement by competing in global green‑technology markets.Public opinion supports such a shift: between 80 % and 89 % of the world’s population wants stronger climate action. The upcoming conference therefore represents a pivotal chance to translate widespread demand into a coordinated, economically powerful push for a fossil‑fuel‑free future.

Majdi Aslan, a 54‑year‑old WHO driver, was killed on Monday when Israeli troops opened fire on a vehicle carrying World Health Organization staff in eastern Khan Younis. Several other passengers, including a WHO doctor, sustained injuries.The incident occurred near the so‑called yellow line on Salah al‑Din Street, an area that has seen near‑daily Israeli strikes since a fragile ceasefire was brokered in October. Gaza’s Health Ministry reports that more than 700 Palestinians have been killed in the renewed wave of violence.According to Al Jazeera correspondent Hani Mahmoud, Israeli forces fired indiscriminately at people and vehicles traveling along the road. A civilian commercial vehicle was followed by a car transporting WHO personnel; the WHO driver was hit in the head and later pronounced dead at Al‑Aqsa Hospital, while roughly seven others were wounded.WHO did not immediately confirm the victim’s employment but issued a statement saying a “critical security incident” had occurred and that medical evacuations from Gaza via the Rafah crossing were suspended with immediate effect. The organization has been coordinating limited patient transfers through Rafah since the crossing reopened earlier this year.The suspension comes as Israel continues to restrict humanitarian aid entry and has repeatedly closed the Rafah crossing, especially as the broader U.S.–Israel conflict with Iran draws international focus. The halt threatens the already strained access to life‑saving treatment for thousands of injured Palestinians.Elsewhere on Monday, a Palestinian man with special needs was killed by Israeli soldiers in southern Khan Younis, a drone strike in Gaza City claimed a 36‑year‑old civilian, and two more Palestinians died in drone attacks on the Yarmouk and Shujayea neighborhoods. Hospital sources say eight Palestinians have been killed by Israeli air strikes outside areas under Israeli control since Sunday.

As the northern hemisphere welcomes spring, the constellation of Boötes, the herdsman, is rising to prominence in the eastern sky after dusk. This celestial display is a treat for stargazers, with the constellation's brightest star, Arcturus, shining brightly.A chart showing the view looking east from London at 21:00 BST on 6 April illustrates the optimal viewing conditions. By this time, the darkness is complete, and Arcturus, the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, is easily visible.To locate Boötes, start with the familiar shape of the Plough and follow the curve of its handle downwards in an arc until you reach the orange glow of Arcturus. This method makes it easy to find the constellation in the night sky.Boötes is one of the original 48 constellations defined by Ptolemy in the second century. However, its origins date back thousands of years to ancient Babylon, where it was associated with the god Enlil. In Greek tradition, Boötes is often identified as a herdsman or ploughman, with various mythic tales surrounding his role as a protector of rural life.During this time of year in the northern hemisphere, Boötes rises during twilight and becomes well-placed for observation by late evening. Conversely, from the southern hemisphere, Boötes appears low in the northern sky.

Thousands of independent UK businesses are preparing for heating‑oil expenses to more than double after the Iran war sent Europe’s fuel markets to fresh record highs.Roughly 7% of all small and medium‑sized enterprises (SMEs) heat their premises with oil, and in many rural locations the figure climbs to about 17%, according to the Federation of Small Businesses (FSB), which represents around 200,000 firms and sole traders.With many rural firms off the gas grid, they depend on heating oil—a kerosene derivative linked to jet‑fuel prices. Prices have surged dramatically: a supplier charged 54.9p per litre in January and demanded 129p per litre by late March, a rise of 116%. One hotel and restaurant owner in North Yorkshire, Anthony Jenkins, reported that his annual oil bill, normally around £3,000, is now unaffordable.Jenkins said he has cut fuel usage by half and is asking guests to lower radiator settings rather than open windows. He also hopes to shift to solar‑heated water as daylight hours increase.The FSB has urged the UK competition watchdog to extend its probe of the heating‑oil market to include SMEs, noting that the same shock has lifted North‑west European jet fuel to $1,900 per tonne and diesel to $1,600 per tonne, according to Argus.Trade bodies warn that the volatility creates a fertile environment for rogue energy brokers who may push small firms into unfavorable long‑term contracts. Tina McKenzie, policy chair of the FSB, stressed the need for stricter broker regulations, noting that many SMEs lack the bargaining power of larger corporations.Small businesses also miss out on the government’s household energy‑price cap and other consumer protections, despite their energy usage resembling that of households. McKenzie added that the market’s rapid evolution leaves many firms “nervous and vulnerable”.Proposals to tighten broker oversight, including tighter scrutiny by Ofgem, are pending new legislation. An Ofgem spokesperson said the regulator has reminded suppliers and brokers to “treat customers fairly, prioritize transparent pricing and good consumer outcomes”, acknowledging the “concerning volatility” caused by the Middle‑East conflict.

The Guardian’s weekly podcast roundup highlights a varied selection of new audio series, offering listeners everything from light‑hearted celebrity banter to hard‑hitting investigative journalism.Funny You Ask – In a delightfully candid moment, Mindy Kaling exclaims, “Oh, this is a quizshow?!” upon hearing Ike Barinholtz’s latest podcast, which blends trivia with rambling conversation about topics as eclectic as Chevy Chase and New Jersey Italian cuisine. The show positions itself as a breezy, low‑stakes alternative to the crowded celebrity‑interview market.Assume Nothing: What Happened to Mary Glasgow? – Host Nathan Edgar revisits the 1991 tragedy at Stradreagh mental hospital, where nursing assistant Mary Glasgow died after a patient altercation. Through interviews with Glasgow’s daughter Emma, the series treats the case as both a detective narrative and a memorial, probing whether the incident was an isolated mishap or a symptom of systemic failures.Single Ladies in Your Area – Comedians Amy Gledhill and Harriet Kemsley continue their third series, a witty exploration of 30‑something singledom. Recent guests have included Jameela Jamil and Catherine Bohart, who discuss topics ranging from “mean flirting” to the quirks of a “lesbian louche life.”The Overturn – Partnering with the Future Justice Project charity, Marnie Duke examines potential wrongful convictions, notably the case of former sub‑postmaster Robin Garbutt, imprisoned for his wife’s murder. The series asks whether the broader Post Office scandal could cast doubt on the prosecution’s narrative.Amityvilleville – Host Alex Goldman (of Hyperfixed and Reply All) teams up with Vice writer Caroline Thompson to watch all 91 films inspired by the Amityville haunting, beginning with the 1979 classic The Amityville Horror. Their commentary blends humor with genuine enthusiasm for the genre’s most bizarre entries.

Gaza City, Gaza – While Easter traditionally celebrates resurrection and renewal, Gaza’s dwindling Christian population spent the holiday in quiet reflection, confronting displacement, scarcity and the trauma of a conflict the United Nations has described as genocide. The enclave is home to fewer than 1,000 Christians, a community already small before the war that has suffered heavy casualties; more than 72,000 Palestinians have been killed since Israel’s offensive began on 7 October 2023. Inside the remaining churches, prayers and modest services carried profound meaning as families clung to hope for survival and peace. Yet basic necessities—electricity, water and food—remain in short supply, and even traditional Easter items such as eggs are virtually unavailable. Fouad Ayad, a bio‑energy trainer displaced from near al‑Rantisi Children’s Hospital, described searching the markets of Gaza City for eggs without success. “We decorate eggs for the children, and sometimes Muslim children visit us for colourful eggs,” he told Al Jazeera, highlighting the inter‑communal bonds that persist despite the siege. Shortages have also erased the customary communal lunch. “Meat is scarce and extremely expensive,” Ayad lamented, recalling how families once gathered to share meals, colour eggs and visit elderly neighbours of all faiths. The Church of the Holy Family, which Ayad once attended, has been struck multiple times. “Three of my relatives were killed in one attack, and another strike killed more than 20 Christians,” he recounted, illustrating the direct targeting of places of worship. Attendance at Easter services in Gaza’s sole Catholic church has dwindled as many believers have fled the Strip. Yet, as one worshipper put it, “We only performed the prayers, refusing to celebrate because of our martyrs,” affirming their resolve to remain rooted in the land despite the devastation. Israeli restrictions have prevented Christians from traveling to the Old City of East Jerusalem to attend the Holy Sepulchre for the past two years. Recent attempts by Cardinal Pierbattista Pizzaballa to enter the site were initially blocked, only to be reversed after international outcry. Elias al‑Jelda, a 60‑year‑old Orthodox council member, recounted sheltering in the Church of the Holy Family after his home was destroyed. “I lost friends, neighbours and relatives, many killed while staying close to their homes and faith,” he said, underscoring the personal toll of the conflict. Traditional Easter treats—coloured eggs, kahk, maamoul and Eidiya gifts—are largely absent this year. “There are no eggs anywhere in the Strip,” reported 74‑year‑old Amal al‑Masri, who recalled pre‑war celebrations filled with shared meals and festive sweets. Power outages compound the hardship. “Electricity continues to be a major problem, and the soaring cost of diesel and generator oil makes it worse,” al‑Jelda warned, highlighting the broader infrastructure collapse affecting all Gazans. Despite the bleak circumstances, the remaining Christians affirm their identity and solidarity with the broader Palestinian population. “No matter what your political agenda or religion is, all of us Palestinians are targeted by the occupation,” a worshipper declared, encapsulating the collective sense of victimhood and resilience.

Bangladesh’s Ministry of Health and Family Welfare disclosed that a suspected measles outbreak has killed at least 98 children in the past three weeks, prompting an urgent escalation of vaccination efforts in Dhaka’s hardest‑hit districts.Prime Minister Tarique Rahman ordered two senior ministers to tour the nation’s 170 million residents, assess the crisis’s scale, and coordinate a rapid response.Official data released on Sunday show that 6,476 children aged six months to five years exhibited measles‑like symptoms, while 826 cases have been laboratory‑confirmed with 16 confirmed deaths. Health officials note that many cases go untested, meaning the true toll could be higher.According to Halimur Rashid, director of Communicable Disease Control, “Compared with past years, the number of affected children is higher, and the death toll is higher too.” He attributes the surge to multifactorial causes, including a shortage of vaccines.World Health Organization (WHO) records indicate the highest number of suspected measles cases in Bangladesh was 25,934 in 2005. After a long decline, this year’s figures represent a stark reversal.Measles remains one of the world’s most contagious diseases, spreading through coughs and sneezes. While it can affect any age group, children under five are most vulnerable to severe complications such as brain swelling and respiratory failure. WHO estimates up to 95,000 measles deaths globally each year, primarily among unvaccinated or under‑vaccinated children.Bangladesh has previously achieved notable progress in immunisation, yet a scheduled measles‑vaccination drive for June 2024 was postponed after a violent uprising that ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. Consequently, many children—some as young as six months—missed the routine nine‑month vaccine dose.Mahmudur Rahman, chief of the National Verification Committee of Measles and Rubella, acknowledged the missed target of eliminating measles deaths by December 2025, citing “poor vaccination programmes.”In response, Dhaka has identified 30 districts with the highest case numbers and launched an emergency vaccination campaign. Health Minister Sardar Shakhawat Hossain Bakul pledged that the drive will first cover the “worst affected areas” before expanding nationwide.Public‑health expert Tajul Islam A Bari, a former official of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation, warned that although funds were allocated for vaccine procurement, the government failed to secure the doses, leading to the current “scary” situation.With no specific treatment for measles once contracted, the focus remains on accelerating vaccine delivery, improving surveillance, and preventing further loss of young lives.

Disturbing footage has emerged showing an Israeli military dog attacking a Palestinian man inside a mosque. The incident has sparked widespread concern and outrage over human rights violations and the conduct of Israeli military forces.The video, obtained from Al Jazeera, provides a harrowing glimpse into the incident, which has not been officially commented on by Israeli authorities. The lack of transparency and accountability in such cases often exacerbates tensions between Israel and Palestine.Human rights organizations have repeatedly criticized the Israeli military for its treatment of Palestinian civilians, citing numerous instances of excessive force and abuse. This latest incident is likely to fuel ongoing debates about military conduct and the need for greater oversight.

Two British nationals and a UK‑Pakistani dual national have been remanded in custody after being charged with arson for setting fire to four ambulances owned by the Jewish volunteer organisation Hatzola in Golders Green, north London.The March 23 attack destroyed the vehicles and shattered nearby windows, yet, according to the London Fire Brigade, no one was injured.Police identified the suspects as 20‑year‑old Hamza Iqbal and 19‑year‑old Rehan Khan; the third, a 17‑year‑old dual national, remains unnamed for legal reasons. All three were arrested in East London, charged with arson and “reckless endangerment,” and did not enter a plea during a 45‑minute hearing at Westminster Magistrates Court.Investigators also disclosed that a fourth person has been arrested in connection with the incident.Prime Minister Keir Starmer described the incident as a “deeply shocking antisemitic arson attack”. The Metropolitan Police are treating the case as a hate crime, with counter‑terrorism officers leading the probe, although it has not yet been classified as a terrorist offence.In response, police have pledged to increase security around Jewish community sites across London.The three defendants are scheduled to appear at London’s Central Criminal Court (the Old Bailey) on April 24.The Iran‑aligned extremist group Harakat Ashab al‑Yamin al‑Islamiya (HAYI) claimed responsibility, echoing previous attacks attributed to the group in Belgium and the Netherlands.