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The Lead: Iran's Internet Partially Restored Tehran, Iran – Authorities in Iran have reinstated some internet access three months after taking the country offline at the start of the war with the United States and Israel, but restrictions remain in place for most people. The Iranian government said last week that it had started a process to bring internet access back to a pre-war level, which was already very restricted as Iran was at the time still coming off an earlier 20-day shutdown imposed during deadly nationwide protests in January. The World's Longest Internet Blackout Last week's move ended more than 2,000 hours of near-total internet shutdown in the country of 90 million people, the longest-ever nationwide blackout in the world. But according to numerous user reports, local media accounts and expert analysis, Iranians' free access to the global internet is far from restored. Restricted Access and Blocked Services Access to millions of web pages remains blocked by the state, and almost all global services and apps such as YouTube, Instagram, Telegram, WhatsApp, Facebook and Waze are closed off and are not under consideration for reinstatement. Mobile, wireless and landline connections are slow and patchy, to varying degrees, while many local applications and services regularly malfunction or fail to load. The Black Market for Internet Access Most people are forced into a black market for access to the internet, which has proven lucrative for those selling virtual private networks (VPNs) or other circumvention methods, often through affiliations with the state. Those connections have now become cheaper after the authorities restored some internet bandwidth, but demand for VPNs has skyrocketed, and people remain exposed to scammers and malware while navigating the market. The Architecture of Filtering Meanwhile, even after the partial reopening, Iranian authorities continue to impose several complex layers of restrictions that have effectively turned full internet access into a privilege that very few people authorised by the state can enjoy. Many data centres have yet to be fully brought back online, and some internet protocols like IPv6 and HTTP/3 are blocked, while others like UDP are actively disrupted by the authorities, local media reported. Political Conflict Over Internet Policy That has prompted more criticism against Iran's relatively moderate President Masoud Pezeshkian, who campaigned against hardliners, in part, on reopening the internet. The Sazandegi reformist newspaper criticised the government over the "belated opening" in an op-ed on Saturday while the state-linked KhabarOnline news site wrote that the "Internet's technical infrastructure is the victim of the new architecture of filtering". The Tiered-Access Internet System Authorities have also failed to elaborate on what exactly they plan to do with the tiered-access internet system that they began expanding during the war. As part of the system, Iranians get varying degrees of access – or no access at all – to the global internet based on their profession and other classifications made by the state. To implement the scheme, a so-called "Internet Pro" scheme was introduced, which offers slightly less restricted access for about three times the price of a regular, more restricted internet package. Frustration and Limited Normalcy Still, more people have been able to get back on social media, where they have posted more videos from the war, including one that showed a new view as dozens of missiles rained down on the headquarters of Iran's supreme leader in downtown Tehran on February 28. Others are sharing war experiences, including where they were and how they felt when the first bombs hit the capital. But that hasn't alleviated the frustrations for many. "What we have right now is not the internet," said a Tehran resident, who spoke to Al Jazeera on condition of anonymity. "It's a return to the previous half-closed condition that is now being sold as an achievement."

On 31 May 2026, Israeli air power targeted Tyre in southern Lebanon, leaving the city reeling from extensive destruction and loss of life. The strike marks one of the most severe incursions into Lebanese territory in recent years, prompting urgent calls for restraint from regional actors. Intense Israeli Airstrikes Hit Tyre, Lebanon According to local authorities and eyewitnesses, multiple missiles struck residential neighborhoods, commercial districts, and a coastal facility in Tyre. The operation was described by Israeli officials as a response to cross‑border attacks, though the precise military objectives were not disclosed. Casualties and Material Damage Reported Fatalities: Initial reports indicate dozens of civilians killed, with numbers expected to rise as rescue efforts continue. Injuries: Hundreds more are reported injured, many requiring urgent medical attention. Infrastructure: Residential blocks, a market area, and parts of the port suffered severe structural damage. Displacement: Thousands of residents have been forced to seek temporary shelter in nearby towns and UN facilities. Regional Implications for Israeli‑Lebanese Relations The strike threatens to destabilise an already fragile cease‑fire that has held since the 2020 border agreement. Lebanese political factions have condemned the attack as a violation of sovereignty, while Hezbollah has warned of a proportional response. International mediators, including the United Nations and the United States, have urged both sides to de‑escalate to prevent a broader conflict. Possible Trajectories for the Conflict Analysts see three short‑term scenarios: Diplomatic containment: Regional powers press for an immediate cease‑fire, leading to limited humanitarian aid and a return to the status quo. Escalation of hostilities: Retaliatory strikes by Lebanese militias could trigger a cycle of attacks across the border. International intervention: Heightened pressure from the UN could result in a monitoring mission to enforce a buffer zone. How the situation unfolds will depend on the willingness of both governments to engage in dialogue and the response of external actors seeking to prevent a wider Middle‑East flare‑up.

The Lead Israeli forces have reached the outskirts of the southern Lebanese city of Nabatieh and captured the strategic Beaufort Castle, despite a ceasefire agreement in place since April. This marks Israel's deepest incursion into Lebanon in more than a quarter of a century. The Event Details Israeli forces now occupy about 2,000 square kilometers (770 square miles) of Lebanese territory – nearly one-fifth of the country. The advance marks a significant escalation in the conflict, with Israeli forces operating well beyond the Litani River, which was initially presented as the effective limit of the zone they sought to clear of Hezbollah forces. Israeli troops have reached the towns of Zawtar al-Sharqiyah and Choukine on the outskirts of Nabatieh – a Hezbollah stronghold. Israeli strikes on Deir ez-Zahrani at dawn on Sunday killed several people. The Data Analysis The Israeli military has issued evacuation orders extending as far north as the Zahrani River (around 10km or 6 miles north of the Litani River), further expanding its military control. This has raised questions about Israel's long-term objectives and the potential for a deeper security belt or prolonged territorial control. The Impact Analysis Analysts warn that Israel's actions suggest objectives that extend beyond its stated goal of removing Hezbollah from areas south of the Litani River. The continued advance into southern Lebanon follows blanket evacuation orders issued for Nabatieh earlier this week, as well as similar orders covering the coastal city of Tyre. Nabatieh is strategically important because it represents far more than a military hub; it is one of the principal political, economic, and social centers of Lebanon's Shia community and a key connective node between southern Lebanon, the Bekaa Valley, and Beirut. The Prediction The military escalation is undermining efforts by the Lebanese government to strengthen state authority and negotiate a lasting settlement. Analysts say Israel's actions may not be seeking a permanent occupation similar to the one it maintained in southern Lebanon between 1982 and 2000, but instead a longer-term system of military control through buffer zones, surveillance, and freedom of action inside Lebanese territory.

High‑resolution satellite imagery released on 25 February 2026 reveals that the Sheikh Mohammed cemetery in Khan Younis has been erased and turned into an Israeli military outpost, while entire neighbourhoods across southern Gaza have been reduced to rubble. The visual evidence, highlighted by Al Jazeera, illustrates a broader pattern of territorial expansion and cultural erasure. Satellite proof of Gaza’s reshaped landscape The updated Google‑Earth layers show the former cemetery, residential blocks in Rafah, the Swedish‑built coastal village, and the Hamad City housing project all replaced by fortified positions, tents and debris. The images capture the disappearance of streets, the flattening of the 752‑unit Tal as‑Sultan housing project, and the conversion of the Rafah border crossing into a heavily fortified military zone. Human‑cost statistics from the ground and from monitors 73,000 Palestinians killed since the conflict escalated. 94 % of Gaza’s cemeteries fully or partially destroyed (Euro‑Med Human Rights Monitor). 97 % of schools damaged or destroyed, leaving 658,000 children without formal education. 1.9 million of 2.3 million residents internally displaced. 60 % of the population has lost their homes completely. Only 5 % of Gaza’s agricultural land remains usable (FAO). Israeli forces now control roughly 70 % of the Strip, up from 60 % earlier this year (leaked video of Benjamin Netanyahu). Implications for the humanitarian and geopolitical landscape The systematic demolition of cemeteries, schools and farms not only erases physical landmarks but also attacks collective memory and food security. With agricultural output slashed to under five percent, experts warn Gaza is on the brink of famine. The loss of educational infrastructure threatens a generation of Palestinians, while the expanding occupation deepens violations of the October cease‑fire and raises the risk of a protracted, “permanent” status quo, as warned by UN envoy Nickolay Mladenov. What lies ahead: risks and possible international responses If the current trajectory continues, Gaza could face a full‑scale famine within months, prompting urgent calls for a new cease‑fire and humanitarian corridors. International pressure may increase as documentation of cultural erasure and mass displacement fuels advocacy campaigns. However, without a clear shift in Israeli policy or renewed diplomatic engagement, the occupation could solidify, making reconstruction and return of displaced families increasingly unlikely.

Opening the Cosmic ConversationThe Guardian’s Notes & Queries column poses a speculative yet culturally resonant question: “If an alien landed and asked you: ‘What is music?’ what would you play for them?” Readers are encouraged to submit answers, with a selection slated for publication next Sunday.The Prompt’s Structure and Publication NoteThe call‑out appears under the byline Heather, Kent and includes a direct email address ([email protected]) for submissions. A brief production note explains that a related question scheduled for 24 May was omitted due to an error.Why This Matters to Cultural EngagementIt leverages curiosity about extraterrestrial life to spark dialogue about the definition and universality of music.By inviting diverse public input, the piece gauges contemporary perceptions of music’s role in human identity.The format reinforces The Guardian’s tradition of interactive journalism, blending speculative thought with community participation.Potential Outcomes and Future InterestResponses will be curated for a Sunday feature, offering a snapshot of collective imagination at a time when space exploration remains a prominent public topic. The selected answers may influence future editorial pieces on art, science, and the intersection of the two.

Brighton & Hove Albion Women will take the field against Manchester City Women at Wembley on 31 May 2026 for the Women's FA Cup final. City aim to complete a first-ever double, while Brighton chase their inaugural major trophy, playing under the emotional weight of the recent passing of Rado Vidosic, the club’s former head of coaching. Brighton Chasing First Major Trophy Amid Tribute to Late Coach Rado Vidosic The match carries deep personal significance for Brighton. Rado Vidosic, who died from cancer four months earlier, was a pivotal figure in the club’s development. His son, Dario Vidosic, who grew up watching Wembley finals, now leads the team onto the pitch, honoring his father's legacy. Match Timing, Historical Context and Key Figures Kick‑off: 3:00 pm BST (13:00 GMT) City’s ambition: First domestic double in club history. Brighton’s goal: First Women’s FA Cup title since the competition’s inception. Key players: Khadija “Bunny” Shaw (City) – recently secured a four‑year contract extension; Ruth Keenan (Brighton) – leading scorer this season. Historical note: City have won the league this season; Brighton have never lifted the cup. Potential Shift in Women’s Football Power Balance A Brighton victory would signal a breakthrough for clubs outside the traditional powerhouses, potentially encouraging greater investment in smaller teams. Conversely, a City win would cement their dominance and could accelerate the professionalisation of the women's game across England, attracting more sponsors and media attention. What the Result Could Mean for Both Clubs If City wins: Reinforces their status as the premier English women’s side, boosting brand value and likely influencing future player recruitment. If Brighton wins: Provides a morale boost, validates the club’s development pathway, and may spur increased fan engagement and funding. Long‑term outlook: Either outcome will shape the narrative for the 2026‑27 season, affecting league dynamics, TV rights negotiations and grassroots participation.

The Incursion Israeli forces have entered Lebanon, crossing the Litani River, a significant geographical and political boundary in the region. This move marks a serious escalation in the ongoing tensions between Israel and Lebanon. Capture of the 12th Century Castle The Israeli forces have successfully seized a 12th century castle in Lebanon. The castle, a historical and cultural landmark, is now under Israeli control, adding a layer of complexity to the conflict. Regional Implications This incursion and capture have significant implications for the region. The Litani River crossing and the seizure of the castle could lead to increased military presence and potential conflict escalation. International Response The international community is likely to respond to this development, with potential condemnations and calls for de-escalation. The incident may lead to increased diplomatic efforts to resolve the conflict. Future Outlook The situation remains volatile, with potential for further escalation. The capture of the castle and the crossing of the Litani River may lead to a prolonged period of heightened tensions and military activity in the region.

The Election Outcome Malta’s Labour Party (PL) has won an unprecedented fourth term in a victory for Prime Minister Robert Abela, according to preliminary results of the election held on Saturday. The party secured a comfortable parliamentary majority, although it appeared to be narrower than in 2022, when it took 55 percent of all ballots cast. Abela's Victory Speech “This is a victory of all the people based on the programme we presented for all the people,” Abela told reporters, saying results showed his party had “won a strong mandate”. He called for national unity, stating, “Let us maintain the spirit of national unity and move the country forward together.” Election Details Election held on Saturday with a turnout of 87.4 percent, slightly up from the last general election in 2022. Abela, 48, called the snap election a year early to shield Malta from geopolitical crises. The economy grew 4 percent last year, but there are concerns about the impact of the Middle East conflict on tourism and inflation. Opposition's Response Charles Bonello, general secretary of the opposition Nationalist Party (PN), conceded the election but noted that his party had managed to slash back Labour’s majority. The Road Ahead Abela has led Malta since 2020. His government will continue to focus on economic stability and addressing challenges such as corruption, which remains a significant issue in the country.

The Lead: Liverpool at a CrossroadsAs Liverpool prepares for life after Arne Slot, the club faces significant challenges that will define their immediate future. The Dutchman's tenure ended without the dominance expected, leaving a squad in need of strategic overhaul both on and off the pitch. The new manager inherits a team that must rediscover its identity while addressing key personnel departures and tactical shortcomings.Style Evolution: From Heavy Metal to Soft RockPerhaps Mohamed Salah's style of communication wasn't the slickest, but he was correct that Liverpool need to redefine the style of football they play. Everything on the pitch last season under Arne Slot felt very placid as Liverpool failed to dominate opponents and were often found overrun. The new head coach will want to demonstrate his plans and implement an attacking style to best use what is available to him. Anfield does not want to witness back-foot football, fans want to see a swagger to those in red. Supporters and Slot suffered from a disconnect in the final months. The Dutchman was hindered by not possessing the vivacious personality of Jürgen Klopp nor the results in the end, and the aforementioned tedious style. The successor will want to put fans at the forefront and build a strong bond between stands and dugout, built on a platform of attractive play.Investment Analysis: Underperforming Key SigningsAfter spending heavily last summer trying to build a squad capable of dominating the Premier League for years to come, it was difficult to pick out someone who thrived. Hugo Ekitiké was the best of the new arrivals but record signings Florian Wirtz and Alexander Isak barely made the season's footnotes. Isak could at least attribute his struggles to fitness and injury problems, including a leg fracture, but the German's first taste of English football was a sour one. He never looked comfortable as a No 10, physically finding it tough going as speed on the ball and strength in battle were lacking. Getting the best out of a clearly talented player must be a priority, because Wirtz has the capabilities to open defences and help Liverpool control games but needs a confidence boost and an arm around the shoulder.Structural Impact: Midfield Deficiencies and Leadership VacuumWirtz is part of a wider midfield issue that lacks physicality and an obvious No 6. Ryan Gravenberch was elected as the man for the role by Slot, which worked well when the possession stats were in Liverpool's favour but finding someone who can break things up effectively is advisable. Every other team have someone who can break up play but Liverpool lack someone in that role. Not since Georginio Wijnaldum or Fabinho have the club possessed someone capable of overwhelming opponents with their physical attributes and in an evolving sport, this oversight must end. Dominik Szoboszlai being moved around the pitch was unhelpful because he can be one of the best central midfielders in the world but needs a defined position to make his own.The players departing Anfield are weighed down with individual and team trinkets, thanks to the success they have enjoyed with Liverpool. Arguably, the influence of Salah and Andy Robertson on the pitch waned in their final season with the club but their experience and winning mentality will be a huge loss to the dressing room and training ground. Ibrahima Konaté is another exiting, providing a recruitment headache the club were not fully anticipating. It does beg the question if it is the right time to allow Alisson Becker, who has suffered from injury problems in recent times, to be sold and allow a new generation to start afresh, with Virgil van Dijk leading the transition. There are plenty of potential internal candidates who can take on greater responsibility but it may require a change in transfer strategy to acquire players in their late-20s with Champions League experience to help give the right balance.Defensive Rebuild: Addressing Key DeparturesKonaté's contract expiration will be softened by Jérémy Jacquet's impending arrival but further investment is required. Van Dijk's longevity is unknown so finding a partnership for the long term will be critical; a more rugged centre-back like Nottingham Forest's Murillo could be an ideal choice to offer balance and greater aggression. Competition for Milos Kerkez will be important, but if Andoni Iraola does take the job the reunion could get the best out of the Hungarian and get him to flourish after a mixed first year on Merseyside. On the opposite side, continuity would help everyone because Slot was forced to trying numerous people in the role, many out of position. Ideally, Conor Bradley or Jeremie Frimpong can make it their own, having struggled to replace Trent Alexander-Arnold, although both have suffered with injury problems. If they can stay fit, they both possess the quality to be a solution, especially if clever coaching can embrace their attacking prowess and incorporate more defensive discipline.Future Outlook: Rebuilding the AttackSlot insisted that new wingers would change the dynamic next season but he will not be the one to benefit. Salah is off, Federico Chiesa cannot carry on as a bit-part, so will almost certainly leave too, freeing up some space on the flanks. Rio Ngumoha offered brief teenage glimpses of excitement as someone with the pace and trickery to get past full-backs. Frimpong, brought in as a right-back, was more often found on the wing because he possessed the speed Slot desired in those areas, while also offering a further indication that the transfer dealings left a lot to be desired. They did not replace the maverick tendencies of Luis Díaz and Cody Gakpo has never looked a natural winger. Targeting new wide men will be imperative. RB Leipzig's Yan Diomande, Brighton's Yankuba Minteh or Athletic Club's Neco Williams would be ideal candidates to bring thrust to a side lacking dynamism and get supporters off their seats.