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The humanitarian situation in Sudan has reached a critical point, with millions of people struggling to access adequate food. A report by a group of nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), including Action Against Hunger, CARE International, and the Norwegian Refugee Council, highlights the dire situation.The conflict, which began in April 2023, has caused widespread hunger and displaced millions of people, creating one of the world's largest humanitarian crises. The report notes that nearly three years of conflict have systematically eroded Sudan's food system, leading to mass hunger.In the two states worst hit by the conflict – North Darfur and South Kordofan – millions of families can only access one meal a day. Often, they miss meals for entire days, and many have resorted to eating leaves and animal feed to survive.The NGOs also report that communal kitchens set up to collectively prepare and share meals are struggling to stretch the scarce food available as resources dwindle. The crisis is being compounded by a worsening economic crisis and climate change.The Sudanese government has denied the existence of famine, while the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) denies responsibility for such conditions in areas under its control. However, the UN has reported widespread atrocities and waves of ethnically charged violence.According to the 2026 Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan, 61.7 percent of Sudan's population – 28.9 million people – is facing acute food shortages. The UN-backed Integrated Food Security Phase Classification has confirmed famine conditions in several areas, including el-Fasher and Kadugli.

The article explores concerns that the conflict centered on Iran could have lasting repercussions for worldwide food security. While specific data and expert analyses are not provided, the discussion highlights the potential for disrupted supply chains, heightened commodity price volatility, and broader economic implications for nations dependent on agricultural imports.

Senior Iranian officials, including parliamentary speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, have arrived in Islamabad, Pakistan, for ceasefire talks with the United States. The US delegation, led by Vice President JD Vance, along with special envoy Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner, is representing Washington in the negotiations.Ahead of the talks, Vance indicated a potential opening for diplomacy, stating that Washington is ready to “extend an open hand” if Iran negotiates in good faith. However, the situation on the ground remains volatile, with Lebanon’s Health Ministry reporting that at least 357 people were killed in Israeli attacks on Wednesday, with the death toll expected to rise.In IranIran is experiencing a near internet blackout that has passed 1,000 hours, making it one of the longest nationwide internet disruptions on record, according to the monitoring group NetBlocks.Analyst Zohreh Kharazmi noted that Iranians remain sceptical ahead of the negotiations, despite Tehran believing it holds leverage, including over the Strait of Hormuz.War DiplomacyIran’s delegation of top officials arrived in Islamabad for ceasefire talks with the US, as reported by Iranian state television on Friday.Lebanon’s presidency announced that a meeting will be held at the US Department of State on Tuesday to discuss declaring a ceasefire and the start date for negotiations between Lebanon and Israel under US auspices.Iran demands a truce in Lebanon and the release of its blocked assets as Vance warned Tehran not to “play” Washington in their talks.US President Donald Trump stated that Iran has “no cards” in upcoming talks with the US and mentioned that US warships are being reloaded with weaponry to strike Iran if the talks fail to produce a deal.In the USTrump says the Strait of Hormuz will reopen ‘fairly soon’, pledging that Washington will “open up the Gulf” amid ongoing disruption to global energy supplies.Former US ambassador Douglas Silliman noted that Trump is likely to push for a fast outcome in the talks to ease economic pressure, with the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz seen as a critical priority.US consumer prices surged to a two-year high, increasing pressure on the administration as economic concerns grow at home.In IsraelThe US has reportedly asked Israel to halt attacks on Hezbollah in Lebanon to avoid derailing negotiations, with the current US-Iran ceasefire set to expire on April 21.Israel’s military operations and expanding ground offensive in Lebanon continued, even as ceasefire negotiations were scheduled.In Gaza and JerusalemMore than 100,000 people attended the first Friday prayers at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in East Jerusalem since its reopening following the US-Iran truce, the holy site’s Islamic authority reported.An Israeli air strike killed at least six people and injured several others at the Bureij refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip, according to the Gaza Health Ministry.In LebanonHeavy toll from Israeli attacks: Lebanon’s Health Ministry reported that nearly 2,000 people have been killed by Israeli air strikes and ground operations since early March, with thousands more wounded.Lebanon is facing a food security crisis, with prices surging and supply chains disrupted amid Israel’s offensive, according to the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP).

The UK's food system is heavily dependent on oil, which is used for transportation, fertilizers, and other aspects of food production. This dependency on oil has been highlighted by recent global events, including the US-Israel war on Iran and Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Experts argue that the UK needs to take a more proactive approach to food security, rather than waiting for a crisis to occur. This includes diversifying food supplies, growing more of its own food, and engaging the public in protecting itself from future shocks. The UK's food system is also vulnerable to disruptions caused by climate breakdown, ransomware attacks, and other hybrid threats. To address this, the government needs to prioritize food security and develop a more comprehensive approach to protecting the country's food supply. Some of the key recommendations for improving food security in the UK include: Regionalizing food production to reduce reliance on long-distance transportation and promote local food systems. Applying defense-strategy thinking to food security, including protecting food supply chains from disruptions and attacks. Prioritizing public engagement and education on food security, including providing guidance on nutrition and resilience. Rebuilding a regional horticulture sector to increase domestic food production and reduce reliance on imports. Addressing food inequality and ensuring that everyone has access to nutritious food. Overall, the UK's food security crisis is a wake-up call for sustainable solutions. By taking a proactive and comprehensive approach, the country can reduce its vulnerabilities and ensure a more resilient food system for the future.

The Iran war has laid bare the world's reliance on fossil fuels, with oil prices reaching $110 a barrel and potentially rising to $150. This has significant implications for global food security, with food prices expected to leap further due to a fertiliser supply crunch.The UN climate chief, Simon Stiell, noted that fossil fuel dependency is 'ripping away national security and sovereignty and replacing it with subservience and rising costs.' The world's top emitters are divided into two camps: those pursuing a low-carbon future and those determined to exploit their fossil fuel reserves.China, the world's biggest emitter, is leading the charge for an electrified future, with renewables growing at record levels and clean energy driving a third of its GDP growth. India has also set ambitious targets, aiming to generate 60% of its electricity from low-carbon sources by 2035.In contrast, countries like the US, Russia, and Saudi Arabia are benefiting from high fossil fuel prices, with the US oil and gas sector set for a $60bn windfall. The US under Trump stands out as a paradox, with emissions falling until last year but now facing a potential rollback of climate protections.The war in Iran has also highlighted the need for a global transition to clean energy. As John Kerry noted, 'The future is being able to harness the power of electrons and send them where we need them, and use them where and when we need them.' Reducing methane emissions could cut temperatures by 0.3C by the 2040s, and a mandatory methane agreement may be necessary to avoid the worst impacts of climate change.

In the hills of Mount Lebanon, a school has been transformed into a shelter for families displaced from southern Lebanon due to Israeli attacks. The schoolyard, once filled with students, is now a hub for aid deliveries, with empty swings and slides a stark reminder of the disruption to daily life.Families like Aymane Malli's have fled their homes, seeking safety in the mountains. Malli, a 49-year-old father of five, described the traumatic experience of leaving his home in Habbouch, near Tyre, after Israel began bombing Lebanon on March 2. 'It's very difficult,' he said, 'but for me, it's OK because I have to survive. I have to take care of my family.'The humanitarian situation is dire, with over 1.1 million people forced from their homes and more than 1,300 killed, including 120 children. Aid groups, such as Action Against Hunger, are struggling to provide support, with over 400 people turned away from the Qabr Chamoun school due to overcapacity.Conditions in shelters are deteriorating, with water leaks, gastrointestinal illnesses, and eye infections reported. The destruction of key infrastructure, particularly bridges and access routes, is exacerbating the crisis, making it difficult for families to flee and for aid to reach them.The future remains uncertain for these displaced families, with concerns about long-term food security and the possibility of a prolonged Israeli security presence or occupation in southern Lebanon. As Mohammed al-Mustafa, a sweets seller from Tyre, poignantly noted, 'It's not the material things I worry about leaving behind. It's the memories. We lived in that house for 40 years. Old photographs, our lives.'

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa have pledged to strengthen security cooperation between their countries. The agreement was made during Zelenskyy's visit to Damascus, where he discussed ways to enhance security and development opportunities for both nations. The cooperation aims to provide more security and opportunities for development for their societies, Zelenskyy wrote on Telegram after the meeting. He highlighted that there is a great interest in exchanging military and security experience between the two countries. Ukraine, which has developed significant expertise in countering drone attacks during its ongoing conflict with Russia, has been offering its military capabilities to countries in the Middle East region. Zelenskyy has recently signed long-term military cooperation deals with Saudi Arabia and Qatar, and has sent teams to the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia to share Ukraine's expertise. Syria, which currently lacks effective air defenses against Iranian drones and missiles, stands to benefit from Ukraine's experience. Iran and its allied groups have been attacking US and Israeli targets, as well as targets in Gulf countries, using a range of missiles and drones. In addition to security cooperation, Zelenskyy and al-Sharaa discussed joint opportunities to strengthen food security across the region. Zelenskyy emphasized that Kyiv is a reliable grain supplier. The meeting between the two presidents was also attended by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, who met with Zelenskyy, al-Sharaa, and Ukrainian Ambassador Andrii Sybiha. This trilateral meeting underscores the growing diplomatic engagement in the region. Zelenskyy's visit to Syria follows his recent trip to Turkiye, where he agreed on new steps in security cooperation with President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and discussed joint gas infrastructure projects.

The deployment of reflective mirrors on satellites and the launch of thousands more satellites into low Earth orbit could have significant consequences for human health and ecosystems. Leading sleep and circadian rhythm researchers have raised concerns about the potential disruption to natural night-time light environments.The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is considering plans by Reflect Orbital to illuminate parts of the Earth at night using reflective satellites, as well as applications from SpaceX that could dramatically expand satellite numbers in low Earth orbit.2,500 researchers from over 30 countries have expressed concerns that altering the light-dark cycle could disrupt biological clocks that regulate sleep and hormone secretion in humans and animals, migration in nocturnal species, seasonal cycles in plants, and the rhythms of marine phytoplankton.Prof Charalambos Kyriacou, president of the European Biological Rhythms Society (EBRS), emphasized that "plants need the night" and that eliminating it could have global implications for food security.Reflect Orbital aims to use satellites equipped with large reflective mirrors to redirect sunlight onto areas roughly 5km to 6km wide "on demand", with brightness adjustable "from full moon to full noon".Meanwhile, SpaceX has proposed launching up to 1m satellites to create a giant solar-powered computing network in orbit designed to run artificial-intelligence workloads.Ruskin Hartley, chief executive of DarkSky International, noted that scientific studies have already shown that the existing number of satellites in orbit has increased diffuse night sky brightness by roughly 10%.Experts warn that if current trends in satellite launches and debris generation continue, night sky brightness could increase substantially over the coming decade, approaching the threshold astronomers have set for preserving naturally dark skies.

Several ships have successfully navigated the Strait of Hormuz, a vital waterway that has been effectively closed since the start of the war in Iran. The development comes as shipping companies and international leaders work to ensure the passage of critical cargo, including oil and gas supplies that account for about a fifth of the world’s total. A French container ship owned by CMA CGM, the CMA CGM Kribi, which sails under the flag of Malta, is reported to have passed through the strait with cargo. This marks a significant development as it is believed to be the first ship owned by a western shipping line to make the journey. The blockade has led to increased oil and gas prices globally and growing concerns about food security, as a third of the global trade in raw materials for fertiliser normally passes through the strait. International leaders are expected to meet next week to discuss possible solutions, including clearing sea mines and rescuing trapped ships. The UK’s Foreign Secretary, Yvette Cooper, has stated that coordinated action is needed to pressure Iran into reopening the strait. The US President, Donald Trump, has claimed that the US could “easily” open up the strait but that it would require “a little more time”.