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The Pope's Warning on AIPope Leo XIV has called for the "disarming" of artificial intelligence (AI), warning that "new forms of slavery" are tied to its rise. The Catholic Church leader warned against "a race for ever more powerful algorithms and larger datasets," driven by "the desire to secure geopolitical or commercial dominance."The Encyclical: Magnifica HumanitasHis concerns regarding AI were presented in his first encyclical, titled "Magnifica Humanitas" (Magnificent Humanity), in person at the Vatican. Encyclicals are one of the highest forms of teaching from a pontiff to the church's 1.4 billion members.Leo insisted that ownership of AI data must not be left solely in private hands, called for policymakers to protect the rights of workers and keep children safe from the technology, and urged the cooling of competition between AI companies."What is needed is a more active political involvement that is capable of slowing things down when everything is accelerating," Leo said.The Catholic leader continued by calling for "robust legal frameworks, independent oversight, informed users and a political system that does not abdicate its responsibility"."AI now demands to be disarmed, freed from logics that turn it into an instrument of domination, exclusion, and death," he said. "Like nuclear energy, it must be at the service of all of the common good."Industry Response and ConcernsPope Leo presented the encyclical alongside AI experts, including Christopher Olah, co-founder of US giant Anthropic. Anthropic is embroiled in a legal battle with the United States military after opposing the use of its technology for lethal autonomous warfare and mass surveillance.At the presentation, Olah said AI companies operate "inside a set of incentives and constraints that can sometimes conflict with doing the right thing".He welcomed input from outside actors like the Catholic Church to "push events in a better direction", saying that "the questions raised by AI are bigger than the AI research community".Olah highlighted three areas he said required urgent attention: the risk of widespread job losses, the need to ensure that AI benefits are extended worldwide, and the unresolved question of how to interpret increasingly complex and sometimes opaque system behavior.Military AI and Ethical ConcernsIn the encyclical, Leo also sounded the alarm over AI-directed weaponry, saying it was "not permissible to entrust lethal" decisions to tech.Leo has repeatedly clashed with the White House over the US-Israel war on Iran and its use of religion to justify conflict.The "just war" theory, espoused recently by the administration of US President Donald Trump, was "outdated", Leo wrote, adding that "no algorithm can make war morally acceptable".

Executive Summary: A Papal Call to Re‑examine AI GovernancePope Leo XIV unveiled his first encyclical, Magnifica Humanitas, on Monday, framing AI as a hook to discuss deeper societal ills—inequality, war, democratic decay, and elite power concentration.The Encyclical’s Core Message on Power and AIThe 200‑page document, presented alongside Chris Olah, co‑founder of AI company Anthropic, argues that technology governed by a small elite cannot serve the common good. It warns that AI amplifies existing economic and informational advantages, creating new dependencies, exclusions, and manipulations.“When such power is concentrated in the hands of a few, it tends to become opaque and evade public oversight…”AI can “shape information and consumption patterns, influence democratic processes and steer economic dynamics to their own advantage.”Scale of the Document and Related Funding FiguresThe encyclical spans 200 pages. It references contemporary funding dynamics, noting “hundreds of millions” flowing from tech elites into super PACs to block AI regulation. It also mentions the recent delay by President Donald Trump on an executive order for AI oversight, reportedly at the urging of VC investor and former White House AI czar David Sacks.Implications for Tech Policy, Democracy, and the Global AI RaceLeo XIV calls for “clear criteria and effective oversight” rooted in community participation and an end to the AI arms race—cessation of ever‑more powerful algorithms and larger datasets pursued for geopolitical or commercial dominance. The encyclical echoes historic concerns from Pope Leo XIII’s 1891 “Rerum Novarum,” drawing parallels to today’s tech‑driven power structures, such as Elon Musk’s acquisition of Twitter and its political use.What May Follow: Potential Shifts in Oversight and Public DebateExperts like Notre Dame Law School professor Paolo Carozza highlight AI‑driven misinformation and deepfakes as threats to democratic truth‑recognition. The papal document may intensify calls for regulatory frameworks, increase pressure on governments to act on AI oversight, and influence public discourse on the ethical limits of AI development.

The Aluminum Price Surge The ongoing conflict in Iran has led to a significant increase in aluminum prices, reaching levels not seen in decades. With around 10% of the world's aluminum production coming from the Gulf region, the war has disrupted supply chains, driving up prices by 20%. Recycling Startups on the Rise The U.S. government has flagged aluminum as a critical mineral, and recycling startups are capitalizing on this trend. Aluminum is one of the most recycled materials in the U.S., but only about 20% is recovered, according to the EPA. Startups like Sortera and Amp are using AI to improve recycling efficiency. AI-Powered Recycling Sortera, a metals recycling startup, has opened its second facility in Tennessee, doubling its processing capacity to 240 million pounds of aluminum per year. The company uses a range of sensors, including lasers, cameras, and X-ray fluorescence, to feed AI algorithms that classify each piece of scrap to identify the specific grade of aluminum. Competitive Approach Amp has taken a different approach, using an AI-powered sorting system to sift through both recycling and general waste streams. The system uses sensors, including visible light and infrared cameras, to identify materials and differentiate plastics from aluminum. The Future of Aluminum Recycling With AI-powered recycling facilities like those being built by Sortera and Amp, the metals industry could see a significant boost in domestically produced aluminum supplies. As Matanya Horowitz, CTO at Amp, noted, "Half of the aluminum in a metro area — in places with successful recycling programs — are just in the garbage, not even touching the recycling system."

The Rise of AI Misinformation in Elections The Electoral Commission has called for new legal controls over misinformation from AI chatbots, after a thinktank found they had made serious mistakes during the recent Scottish election. The Study's Findings The thinktank Demos said its investigation had found that AI services gave voters misinformation to 34% of the questions it posed, which it said raised worrying questions about the lack of regulation of AI platforms in the UK. ChatGPT gave wrong information in 46% of its answers, including making up an expenses scandal. Replika had errors in 56% of its answers, inventing a date for a made-up expenses scandal and accusations of nepotism by a candidate. Google Gemini was wrong in 22% of cases, including saying a candidate had not taken a position on assisted dying when they were a supporter. The Impact of AI Misinformation Vijay Rangarajan, the Electoral Commission’s chief executive, said voters want accurate information to help them engage with democracy and it is concerning that AI tools have made the spread of false or misleading information dramatically faster and more accessible than ever. The Call for Regulation The Electoral Commission is pressing ministers to introduce legislation to make AI companies more accountable, including clearer duties on AI platforms to protect voters against misinformation and ensure algorithms do not mislead voters. The Future of AI Regulation Azzurra Moores, an associate director at Demos, said ministers could quickly introduce legal requirements to make AI companies liable under UK defamation and electoral law, introduce mandatory safeguards on accuracy, and force AI firms to allow researchers to independently test how their internal data and training sets worked.

The Soros Foundation's Major US InvestmentFor decades, the Open Society Foundations have worked to advance justice and human rights in Africa, the Middle East and trouble spots around the world. But the OSF's latest major investment is aimed at a crisis closer to home. On Tuesday, the organisation, founded by the billionaire philanthropist George Soros and headquartered in New York, announced a $300m spend aimed at boosting economic security and defending civil liberties in the US.Addressing America's Dual CrisisThe drastic commitment comes 16 months into Donald Trump's second term as president, with millions of Americans suffering an affordability crisis and activists warning of an extraordinary attack on the rule of law. "We certainly believe that civil society is essential and must stay on the playing field," said Laleh Ispahani, managing director for the US at the OSF. "We've had experience in other countries, unfortunately, where civil society has been targeted by autocratic administrations. It does matter that we still are funding in most parts of the world and are very much in communication with one another as things are happening in the US."The Soros Legacy and Political BacklashSoros has given more than $32bn of his personal fortune to causes around the world. He is also a longtime Democratic donor and favorite bogeyman for the right. The attacks frequently rely on antisemitic tropes, framing Soros – a Jewish survivor of the Nazi occupation in Hungary – as a "globalist" puppet master. Asked whether the foundation was prepared for an inevitable backlash accusing Soros of meddling in US democracy, Ispahani sounded unfazed, saying: "We fully expect that. We wouldn't expect anything less. But we also won't be intimidated into silence."An Integrated Approach to Rights and EconomyFor decades, reformers have often operated in silos, focusing their energies either squarely on democratic rights or exclusively on economic justice. OSF's new initiative is designed to break down those barriers. "What's new and different and perhaps most distinct about this is that it's a unified and focused effort," Ispahani explained. "We want to fund this integrated strategy to improve our democracy by both modernising our rights and freedoms and reforming our economy as things that are two sides of the same coin, because when one suffers, inevitably the other does, too."The Erosion of Civil Rights ProtectionsThe urgency is driven by what the OSF perceives as an alarming reversal of fundamental protections, spearheaded by a rightwing majority on the supreme court. "It's pretty clear to us that today these rights are being rolled back, including the right to protest, civil rights and voting rights, with the supreme court's recent decisions eviscerating very key protections of the civil rights era," Ispahani said. "We had the supreme court putting a nail in the coffin of what was a very widely respected Voting Rights Act with its recent decision in the Louisiana v Callais case, so we're back to this pre-60s moment in the world."Modernizing the Civil Rights ParadigmTo combat this, the OSF is advocating for an expansion of the civil rights paradigm to meet modern threats, from securing the right to elect representatives of the voter's choice to combating new forms of discrimination in algorithmic and technology-driven bias. The OSF has already committed $20m for this year to help organisations on the frontlines with strategic litigation, non-profit sector defence and efforts to track government corruption. Among them are the Roosevelt Institute, the Groundwork Collaborative thinktank, the National Women's Law Center, and state-level groups such as Living United for Change in Arizona.Economic Inequality in AmericaThe other central pillar of the $300m investment is economic security. Even in the wealthiest country in the world, the child poverty rate is 14.3%, estimated to affect about 10.4 million children. The top 20% of households currently capture more than half of all national income. Ispahani argues the current system is failing. "Why not have moral and material rights that resonate across constituencies?" she said. "The right to a good job with fair wages and safe working conditions isn't controversial. The right to stable and affordable housing is likely very popular. The right to accessible and affordable childcare is likely also very popular."The Future of American DemocracyThe Open Society Foundations' substantial investment represents a significant commitment to preserving democratic values in the United States during a period of political polarization and economic uncertainty. By linking civil liberties with economic security, the foundation aims to create a more comprehensive approach to addressing America's challenges. As Ispahani stated, "We think our work has never mattered more. It matters most in places when democracy is under attack, when rights are being rolled back and peaceful dissent is being criminalized."

The Record-Breaking Transoceanic JourneyA humpback whale has made a remarkable 15,000km journey from Brazil to Australia, marking what researchers believe is the longest distance ever documented between sightings of an individual humpback. The whale was first photographed in 2003 at the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil's main humpback whale nursery, off the coast of the north-eastern state of Bahia. In September 2025, it was spotted again in Hervey Bay off the Queensland coast, representing a travel distance of about 15,100km.Scientific Breakthrough in Whale IdentificationThe extraordinary discovery was made possible through the Happywhale platform, to which researchers and citizen scientists contribute whale sightings. The photographs allow individual animals to be identified by their flukes – the underside of their tails. A whale fluke is "unique to each humpback whale, very similar to the way fingerprints are unique to humans," according to Stephanie Stack, a PhD candidate at Griffith University and co-author of the research published in Royal Society Open Science.The Happywhale platform, co-founded by study co-author and Southern Cross University whale biologist Ted Cheeseman, uses an AI algorithm to identify matches, akin to facial recognition in humans. This technological advancement has enabled researchers to track individual whales across vast ocean distances and time spans.Research Methodology and Rare FindingsThe study drew on 19,283 fluke photos collected between 1984 and 2025 from eastern Australia and Latin America. The two record-breaking whales accounted for "only 0.01% of identified whales," highlighting the rarity of such long-distance migrations. Another whale was photographed in Hervey Bay in 2007 and seen again in the same area in 2013, then spotted off the coast of São Paulo six years later, covering a distance of about 14,200km.These two whales represent "the first recorded exchange in both directions" between the Brazilian and eastern Australian humpback populations. "Resighting intervals of six and 22 years suggest that these are rare, possibly single-lifetime events, rather than regular migratory shifts," the researchers noted.Implications for Marine ConservationThe discovery of these extraordinary whale journeys "is a good reminder that conservation of our marine resources needs to be collaborative between nations, because these are migratory animals that move across borders and between countries," Stack emphasized. The typical migration route for an Australian humpback whale is between feeding grounds in Antarctic waters and breeding grounds near the Great Barrier Reef – a round trip of about 10,000km, which is significantly shorter than the record-breaking journeys.As these whales traverse international waters, the findings underscore the importance of coordinated conservation efforts across national boundaries to protect critical habitats and migration routes.Future Outlook: Climate Change and Migration PatternsStack pointed out that it was "very likely" that climate change would affect migration patterns in the future. Dramatic changes are already occurring in the Southern Ocean feeding grounds, with Antarctic krill populations under threat. These environmental changes could potentially alter traditional migration routes, timing, and destinations for humpback whales and other marine species.As researchers continue to study these magnificent creatures through advanced identification technologies, they hope to gain deeper insights into how marine ecosystems are responding to changing environmental conditions and what measures might be necessary to ensure the long-term survival of these ocean travelers.

The Challenge Presented in the Guardian VideoThe recent Guardian video titled Real or AI: can a photographer and internet addict spot fake portraits? sets up a side‑by‑side showdown. A seasoned photographer and a self‑described internet addict are shown a series of portrait images, some created by traditional cameras and others generated by AI models, and asked to identify which are real.Why Detecting AI‑Generated Portraits MattersAs generative models become more sophisticated, the line between authentic photography and synthetic imagery blurs. Misidentified AI portraits can:Undermine trust in news and social media platforms.Complicate copyright and attribution for artists.Fuel misinformation campaigns that exploit visual realism.Current Tools and Their LimitationsBoth participants rely on visual cues—lighting inconsistencies, unnatural textures, and facial asymmetry—to make judgments. While emerging forensic tools (e.g., metadata analysis, error‑level analysis) offer assistance, they are not yet foolproof against the latest diffusion models.Implications for Photographers and Online AudiencesThe experiment underscores a shifting skill set for visual creators. Photographers may need to augment artistic expertise with basic digital‑forensics knowledge, while everyday internet users must become more skeptical of polished portraiture that appears too perfect.Future Directions in AI‑Generated Image DetectionExperts predict a race between generative AI and detection algorithms. Investment in open‑source detection frameworks, standardized watermarking for AI‑generated content, and public education campaigns are likely to shape the next phase of visual authenticity verification.

The Prize Under Scrutiny: AI Allegations SurfaceA prestigious Commonwealth short‑story prize for the Caribbean region has been thrust into controversy after an AI detection platform suggested the winning entry, The Serpent in the Grove, may have been generated by artificial intelligence. Both the Commonwealth Foundation and Granta have said they are reviewing the claims but have not reached a definitive verdict.Detection Tools Flag the Winning StoryProfessor Ethan Mollick of Wharton cited the AI detector Pangram, which labeled the story as AI‑generated. The same tool highlighted stylistic markers such as “not x, but y” constructions that are commonly associated with large‑language‑model output. Granta also ran the text through the AI model Claude, which gave an equivocal result – suggesting the work was probably not pure AI but also not entirely human.Numbers Behind the DebateAuthor Jamir Nazir is a 61‑year‑old writer from Trinidad and Tobago with limited prior publications.The story was announced as the winner on Saturday, 15 May 2026.AI detector Pangram reports a confidence level above its internal threshold for AI‑generated text (exact figure not disclosed).Implications for Literary Awards and the AI‑Detection MarketThe episode adds to a string of recent incidents – from a New York Times freelance journalist’s AI‑written review to Hachette’s cancellation of a horror novel over AI concerns – that are driving demand for AI‑detection services. The Commonwealth Foundation noted it does not use AI checkers on unpublished submissions due to consent and ownership issues, underscoring a trust‑based approach that may be untenable as detection tools improve.What Lies Ahead for AI‑Generated LiteratureExperts predict a “continuous technical arms race” between AI models, detection algorithms, and writers who adapt their use of AI. Until a reliable, consent‑respecting detection method emerges, literary bodies may have to rely on author attestations and manual scrutiny, potentially reshaping judging criteria and award policies across the industry.

The Rise of AI-Generated Hate OperationsScroll through any Facebook feed in Britain and, between the baby announcements and petty neighbourhood beefs, you're likely to come across an account with a union jack profile picture and a vague, generic name like Britain Today. These accounts – and there are hundreds, possibly thousands of them – present themselves as the work of British patriots. In one typical, AI-generated video, a middle-aged man claims his local cafe "has stopped serving pork, bacon and sausages just to avoid offending people". Another post from the same account includes a sepia-tinted set of images of Victorian London, mourning a time when the city "was English, first-world and beautiful". Alongside this type of reactionary nostalgia, it's not unusual to see memes that call Islam a "cancer", decry Muslims praying in public as an "invasion of the west" or promote the "great replacement theory".The Financial Incentives Behind AI Hate ContentFor the past seven months, I have been investigating who is really behind pages like these. The answer, it turns out, is often young, entrepreneurial men from south Asia. They tend to have zero interest in UK politics, but the content they create often boosts far-right talking points in Britain and contributes to the increasingly hostile atmosphere for immigrants and British Muslims. They're part of a booming cottage industry producing commercial AI slop.The financial incentives for creating this kind of content are huge, particularly for creators in the global south. At the Bureau of Investigative Journalism, we looked in detail at two very successful "sloperations" targeting British audiences from Pakistan and Sri Lanka. They make money from the online ads that Meta places next to high-performing content. Meta shares a proportion of the ad revenue with the creators and also makes direct payments to creators to reward posts that receive a lot of engagement.Once you hone your algorithmic rage bait, there's very good money to be made from slop. The Pakistani creator, a devout Muslim who we are not naming for his own safety, told us he makes $1,500 (£1,119) a month from one of his pages alone; Geeth Sooriyapura, the Sri Lankan creator, claimed to have made $300,000 over the course of his Facebook career. We weren't able to verify these figures, but both men were certainly making many times the average income in their countries.The Economic Impact of AI-Generated PropagandaTheir success represents the seductive promise of "passive income" culture, a pervasive modern gospel that says you should quit your job and make easy money online. The proponents of this philosophy also often sell courses as an additional revenue stream: Sooriyapura claimed that 2,500 people, mainly other Sri Lankans, have graduated from his content academy.Rightwing propaganda and Islamophobia are, of course, not new. But two key structural factors have made it particularly pervasive on social media.The Technological and Policy EnablersFirst, the wide availability of generative AI tools. These are used at every stage of the content creation process: to brainstorm ideas, to write captions and, most importantly, to create compelling images and videos. This is particularly helpful if, like the Pakistani creator, you do not speak English well. In one video we reviewed from Sooriyapura's Facebook course, he told his students that AI-generated videos can help political content go viral up to 10 times faster.Second is Meta's retreat from content moderation. Over the past couple of years, the major social platforms have made mass redundancies on the trust and safety teams that monitored and took down harmful content. This was partly motivated by pressure from the Trump administration, which believed that platforms had engaged in heavy-handed censorship of content during the Biden presidency.Social media companies justify the moderation job cuts by pointing to their use of AI to find harmful content more efficiently. But our reporting shows there is masses of deeply offensive content on there which anyone could find in a few minutes, if they bothered to look.The Future of Online Hate Speech and Platform AccountabilityAfter we spoke to the Pakistani creator, he said it was a "good thing" we had informed him about the nature of his posts and he deleted many of them. Sooriyapura told us that he did not encourage his students to "spread violence" and that he just educates "people on Facebook monetisation and audience-targeting".The Pakistani creator didn't cover his tracks particularly well. It took me a couple of hours and a little help from Osint Industries, a platform that collates information on social media accounts, to definitively confirm that the person who ran the Islamophobic slop account also had personal accounts in his own name sharing verses from the Qur'an. These are actions that Meta easily could have taken itself. But why would it spend good money implementing its own policies when there is so little political or regulatory pressure to do so?When we contacted Meta in both these cases, it took down many of their pages and sent a one-line statement: "We have clear community standards that prohibit hate speech, harassment, harmful misinformation and inauthentic behaviour and we have removed these accounts for violating our policies." I've been a tech journalist long enough to have been through this process with Meta and other social platforms many times before. The Sri Lanka network is, depressingly, back up and running, having faced minimal consequences after a bit of downtime.Meta can, and should, be doing more to take these kinds of accounts down. But as long as its core product is an algorithmic feed that financially rewards content that provokes extreme emotions, others will always appear in its place.