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The Earliest Known Dental TreatmentNeanderthals used stone drills to treat cavities almost 60,000 years ago in what is the earliest known evidence of dental treatment. This groundbreaking discovery challenges previous assumptions about Neanderthal capabilities and reveals their sophisticated approach to medical care.The Discovery in SiberiaThe single molar, unearthed in a cave in southern Siberia's Chagyrskaya site, features a deep hole that appears to have been created using a sharp, thin stone tool during the lifetime of the tooth's owner. The tooth, dated to be 59,000 years old, was found alongside the remains of Neanderthals and thousands of stone tools that have been excavated at the site.Scientific Evidence of Ancient DentistryThe lower molar features a deep hole in the centre of the tooth extending into the pulp cavity. Microscopic X-ray imaging revealed changes in mineralization that indicated severe tooth decay. Researchers conducted experiments on three modern human teeth to demonstrate that a hole of the same shape and patterns of microscopic grooves could be created by manually rotating a narrow, elongated tool made from local jasper between two fingers. Penetrating the dentin using this approach took between 35 and 50 minutes of continuous work.Expert Analysis of the ProcedureDr. Kseniya Kolobova, an archaeologist at the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, noted that this discovery "powerfully reinforces the now well-supported view that Neanderthals were not the brutish, inferior cousins of outdated stereotypes but a sophisticated human population with complex cognitive and cultural capacities."A dental professor who reviewed images of the tooth rated the Neanderthal's work as "a decent job." Justin Durham, a professor of orofacial pain at Newcastle University and the British Dental Association's chief scientific adviser, stated: "If I was marking this for a dental student, I wouldn't give it an A, but given the circumstances it's pretty impressive."Implications for Understanding Neanderthal CapabilitiesThis discovery represents the first time dental drilling has been demonstrated outside of Homo sapiens, and it is the oldest example of such behavior by more than 40,000 years. The smoothed edges of the drilled cavity and wear patterns inside it suggest the individual survived and continued to chew with the tooth for some time after the procedure.Dr. Lydia Zotkina, an archaeologist at the Russian Academy of Sciences and co-author, emphasized the remarkable strength of will required: "What struck me, and continues to strike me, is what an incredibly strong-willed person this Neanderthal must have been. They must have surely understood that although the pain of the procedure was greater than the pain of the inflammation, it was only temporary and had to be endured."This finding adds to previous evidence of Neanderthals caring for the sick and vulnerable group members, including an adult man with a withered arm and deformities in both legs, and a child with Down's syndrome who survived until at least the age of six. The latest discovery reveals not only compassion, but an impressive level of self-control by the patient and advanced technical skills by the practitioner.

Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform UK, is facing a standards investigation after a $6.7 million personal gift from Thailand‑based billionaire Christopher Harborne was disclosed. The inquiry arrives just days after Reform UK emerged as the top winner in England’s local and regional elections.Details of the Gift and the Parliamentary InquiryThe Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards opened a probe to determine whether Farage breached rules that require MPs to declare donations received in the year before an election within one month of taking office. Farage maintains the money was a personal, unconditional gift intended for his security and not a political donation.Gift amount: $6.7 million (≈£5 million)Donor: Christopher Harborne, billionaire and crypto investor based in ThailandPurpose claimed by Farage: personal security ahead of the 2024 national electionInvestigation announced: 13 May 2026Financial Scale and Funding BreakdownElectoral Commission data shows that about two‑thirds of Reform UK’s funding last year came from Harborne, underscoring the donor’s outsized influence on the party’s finances.Reform UK’s total funding (2025): roughly £7.5 millionHarborne’s contribution: ~£5 million (≈66%)Political Repercussions for Reform UK and the UK ParliamentThe probe intensifies scrutiny of Reform UK’s rapid rise, especially after it topped national opinion polls and secured victories in traditionally Labour‑leaning councils. Opponents argue the overseas funding contradicts Farage’s populist image, while the party’s deputy leader Richard Tice contends voters were already aware of the gift.Potential sanction: suspension from the House of Commons for 10 days or moreConsequence of a 10‑day suspension: triggers a recall petition, possibly leading to a by‑electionPotential Outcomes and Future ScenariosIf the commissioner finds a serious breach, Farage could face suspension and a recall petition, jeopardising his seat. Even without a breach, the episode may fuel calls for tighter rules on foreign donations and could affect Reform UK’s momentum ahead of the next general election.

The Landmark Court Ruling A court in China has ruled in favour of a worker whose company replaced him with artificial intelligence (AI), awarding him more than £28,000 in compensation. The Case Details The worker, whose surname is Zhou, joined a tech company in the eastern city of Hangzhou in 2022 as a quality assurance supervisor overseeing large language models used in AI products. The company later said AI could do his job and offered him a demotion and a 40% pay cut. When he refused, the company fired him. The Compensation Awarded The Hangzhou intermediate people’s court ruled last month that the company had been wrong to fire him and ordered that he be paid 260,000 yuan in compensation. The Impact on Labor Rights The case has attracted widespread attention as an example of how China can balance the country’s enthusiastic adoption of AI with job security, especially at a time of high youth unemployment. 17% of people aged 16 to 24 are currently unable to find work in China. The Future Outlook Experts say there are signs of a shift in Beijing’s approach to job losses caused by AI, with a focus on addressing unemployment related to AI and ensuring employers assume corresponding social responsibilities.

The Discovery of a Lost Musical MasterpieceThe discovery of a new work by Ralph Vaughan Williams has set the world alight this week. In a box in the archives of London's Morley College, Elaine Andrews came across a previously unknown Vaughan Williams song titled "Before the Mirror," which sets a Swinburne poem inspired by a Whistler painting. The manuscript's workings, its crossings-out and corrections, offer a fascinating insight into Vaughan Williams's creative process, revealing music of surprising tonal adventure and expressive ambiguity written shortly after his marriage in 1897.The Vast Landscape of Lost Musical WorksBut a single song pales into comparison compared to the musical riches that may be lying dormant in libraries, archives and lofts all over the world. One of the most significant musical finds of all time was the treasure-trove of manuscripts by Florence Price found in a derelict house in Illinois in 2009, which included her two violin concertos, Fourth Symphony and dozens of other pieces. This discovery revealed not only wonderful music, but also pointed to the priorities – and prejudices – of music historians.The Systematic Erasure of Female ComposersThat discovery revealed not only wonderful music, but also pointed to the priorities – and prejudices – of music historians. The discovery of previous unknown manuscripts by the most familiar composers – a single page of Mozart, an exercise by Beethoven, a sketch by Haydn – often happen because historians know where to look for ephemera of lives whose every artefact has been combed over for centuries. But that had not been the case for Price, or for other composers who have been musicologically marginalised. Their work is supposed to be "lost" simply because no one had been looking for it.Rediscovering Forgotten Female VoicesThat's why some of the deepest holes in musical history – works that we know composers wrote and that were performed in their lifetimes, but which their biographies say are now "lost" – are by female composers. Francesca Caccini wrote more than 13 stage works in her lifetime in 17th-century Italy, but only one survives today. Caccini's dozen other operas may currently be "lost," but have researchers been looking for them as assiduously as they search for a page by Bruckner or a letter by Mahler?The Case of Joseph BologneThe same goes for at least three complete operas by Joseph Bologne, who lived an extraordinary life in 18th-century France, as composer, violinist, orchestral leader, fencer and soldier, becoming a colonel in the revolution's only all-black regiment. But Bologne's legacy suffered the prejudices of a culture that reinstated slavery and which erased his contribution to the revolution and to musical society after his death in 1799. Now that Bologne's work is at last finding its place there must be renewed focus on recovering these vital "lost" operas from the oblivion that they never deserved.Legendary Lost Works We Can Only Dream OfMind you, there is also lost music whose absence has been known of for centuries – we can only dream of what could be. Bach's St Mark Passion and scores of his cantatas, Monteverdi's Arianna and other stage works, the dozens of quartets and sonatas that Brahms threw out as unworthy, or Sibelius's Eighth Symphony, likely consigned to the flames by Sibelius himself.New Leadership in Classical MusicIn other classical music news, the Royal Scottish National Orchestra has announced that Lithuanian conductor Giedrė Šlekytė is to be their next music director, succeeding Thomas Søndergård from the 2027 season. The appointment comes after just two projects: a well-received week of Mahler's First Symphony, and a subsequent recording session. As the RSNO's chief executive Alistair Mackie said: "When she joined us last year, her musical ideas and the way she works with players spoke for themselves. Giedrė gives the orchestra room to breathe and to play."

The President’s Defiant Stand Amid Growing Impeachment PressureIn a televised address on Monday, 13 May 2026, President Cyril Ramaphosa declared he will remain in office despite renewed calls for his resignation following a court decision that sent the “Farmgate” scandal back to Parliament. Details of the Farmgate Cash‑in‑Sofa AllegationsThe controversy stems from a 2020 burglary at Ramaphosa’s Phala Phala game farm in Limpopo, where thieves allegedly stole more than $580,000 and concealed the cash inside a sofa. Accusations include: Cover‑up of the theft and failure to report it to police as required by anti‑corruption law. Possible money‑laundering linked to the origin of the foreign currency. Earlier parliamentary panel findings that the president “may have committed” serious violations. The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) challenged the ANC‑led Parliament’s 2022 decision to reject the panel’s report, prompting the Constitutional Court to refer the matter to a multi‑party impeachment committee. Parliamentary Numbers and the Impeachment ThresholdSouth Africa’s National Assembly comprises 400 seats. To remove a president under Section 89 of the constitution, a two‑thirds majority—at least 267 votes—is required. Current party composition: African National Congress (ANC): 159 seats (≈40 % of the chamber). Democratic Alliance (DA): 87 seats. Various smaller parties and coalition partners hold the remaining seats. Analyst Chris Ogunmodede notes that the arithmetic makes impeachment “highly unlikely” unless coalition partners withdraw support. Political Fallout and Coalition DynamicsThe scandal threatens the ANC’s already declining popularity—its national vote share fell from 57.5 % in 2019 to 40.2 % in 2024, its worst performance since apartheid. While the ANC governs in a coalition with the DA and smaller parties, the EFF’s court victory has intensified pressure on Ramaphosa to either resign or face a protracted parliamentary inquiry. Beyond impeachment, the opposition can pursue a no‑confidence motion, which requires only a simple majority. However, the ANC’s coalition still controls enough seats to block such a motion unless internal dissent grows. Outlook: Can Ramaphosa Weather the Storm?Short‑term, the impeachment committee’s investigation could take several months, and Ramaphosa has pledged to seek judicial review of any adverse findings, potentially delaying outcomes further. Long‑term, the president’s survival hinges on maintaining coalition cohesion and navigating public discontent over corruption. If the ANC’s internal arithmetic holds, Ramaphosa is likely to stay in power, but the “Farmgate” scandal may accelerate calls for leadership change within the party and erode its credibility ahead of the next election cycle.

The LeadJennie Garth, known for her role as Kelly Taylor in 'Beverly Hills, 90210,' opens up about the psychological impact of early fame and how she found new purpose in her 50s. The 54-year-old actress, who felt 'stuck' and unfulfilled as her daughters grew up, has launched a podcast and book titled 'I Choose Me,' sharing her journey of self-discovery and the lessons learned from her decades in Hollywood.Finding Purpose at 50Approaching her 50s, Garth experienced a classic midlife crisis, questioning her path and purpose after noticing potential acting jobs becoming 'few and far between.' The deaths of her 90210 co-stars Luke Perry in 2019 and Shannen Doherty in 2024 intensified her sense of urgency, prompting her to share what she's learned with other women experiencing similar standstills. Her new venture, 'I Choose Me,' named after an iconic line from her character on the show, combines memoir and self-help as Garth reflects on her journey from teenage star to mature woman finding her voice.The Price of Early FameGarth candidly admits that her early fame 'screwed with her mind,' describing how she spent 20 years 'trying to keep her head above water.' Starting on the hit show at just 18, she felt developmentally 'held back from the realities of the world,' watching peers experience normal milestones while she was 'slammed into' fame. The experience left her questioning how her unusual path affected her relationships and personal growth, as she struggled to form normal connections while constantly being judged and typecast in the industry.Hollywood's Changing LandscapeThe actress reflects on the sexism she faced in the 90s, noting how young female actors were 'exposed to far more than they should' in terms of sexualization and discrimination. She recalls unspoken expectations about appearance and the pressure to conform to certain standards, including her own decision to get breast enhancement at 24. Garth also discusses how the industry typecast her and her co-stars, keeping them in a 'sort of Aaron Spelling-nighttime-soapy category' that limited their growth opportunities, despite the quality of their work.A New ChapterNow in her 50s, Garth feels she's finally 'caught up' developmentally and is embracing her age with greater wisdom and resilience. Through therapy and self-help, she's found a new voice and purpose, sharing her experiences to help other women navigate similar challenges. Her journey from teenage star to empowered woman reflects both the lasting impact of early fame and the potential for reinvention later in life, as she continues to work while also focusing on personal growth and helping others find their own path to self-acceptance.

The Investigation into Nigel Farage Nigel Farage is facing a formal investigation by the parliamentary standards watchdog over a £5m gift from the crypto billionaire Christopher Harborne. The Gift and Its Disclosure The Reform UK leader received the money weeks before announcing he would stand as a candidate in the 2024 general election. Farage has said the gift, first revealed by the Guardian, was intended to cover his personal security costs and therefore did not need to be declared. The Rules and Potential Consequences However, Labour and other parties argue that MPs are required to declare any potentially relevant gifts or donations received in the 12 months before entering parliament, and that the money from the Thailand-based Harborne falls within these rules. If the investigation finds Farage committed a particularly serious breach of parliamentary declaration rules, he could be suspended from the Commons. A suspension of 10 days or more could trigger a recall petition, potentially forcing him to fight again for his Clacton seat.

The Lead: Carla Simón's Unique Approach to Family DramaFamily reunions in European arthouse cinema are almost always unhappy events, on a scale of strife that ranges from simmering resentment to spectacular score-settling. Carla Simón, however, has a rare gift: she makes you leave the cinema with renewed faith that having relatives and keeping in touch with them may actually be a wonderful thing.No film-maker working in Europe now is as capable of turning birthday gatherings, garden parties or poolside barbecues into thrillingly sprawling canvases of human virtue and vice as this 39-year-old rising star. From a riotous water fight in the Berlinale Golden Bear-winning farming drama Alcarràs to a foul-mouthed dinner table singalong in her new film Romería, Simón directs kinship meetings with the attention to detail that other film-makers may invest in action sequences or dance routines.The Event Details: Romería and the Journey to Self-DiscoveryAmong the tricks Simón employs, she explains, is to ensure her actors only read the script once before the camera starts rolling, so they have to improvise to fill the gaps. She takes her casts to parties, for walks and on shopping trips, and if there are disagreements on the way, so much the better. The ultimate secret sauce, though, is to ignore WC Fields's notorious advice and always work with children and animals."I never get bored of working with kids," she says. "When you are only working with adult actors, shooting becomes more like executing an idea that you have in your mind, and I think that is not interesting. With children, you always have this feeling that that things are going to happen in front of the camera by chance. It keeps things alive."Her new film Romería, meaning "pilgrimage" in Spanish, dives deeper into the story of the biological parents she barely got to know. Eighteen-year-old Marina travels to her relatives in Vigo, in north-western Galicia, purportedly to find the death certificate of her biological father, which she needs to study film-making in Barcelona. The initial reaction is warm, but family is a room with dark corners and locked closets.The Personal Journey: Aids, Loss and Family SecretsSimón's fascination with freewheeling scenes of family life was undoubtedly honed through her own biography. Born in Barcelona in 1986, her father died when she was three and her mother when she was six. Both of them succumbed to Aids. She was 12 when her adoptive mother told her that her parents had been infected with the autoimmune disease through their use of drugs.All of her first three films have been strongly autobiographical: Summer 1993 tells the story of a six-year-old girl who moves to an unspecified location countryside to live with her aunt after the death of her mother, while 2022's Alcarràs is specifically set in the Catalan peach-growing community of her adoptive family.In the film, a cache of letters written by her late mother opens up a portal to the time when her parents met and discovered love – for each other, the Atlantic Ocean and drugs. The letters, Simón explains, are real. "She wrote to her friends and family while she lived in Vigo. Her Catalan is full of mistakes, because teaching Catalan was banned under the Franco regime. But they are the most important thing that I have from my mother, because suddenly I can hear her talking."The Impact Analysis: Spanish Cinema and the Legacy of AidsSpanish cinema has a track record in making films where child actors take centre stage: Ana Torrent's spell-binding turn as a young girl obsessed with the Frankenstein tale in Víctor Erice's 1973 film The Spirit of the Beehive is considered an all-time great performance by a minor, and Simón describes it as "a very, very important film for me".During the transition period after Franco's rule, Madrid gave birth to la movida, a countercultural movement that celebrated lifestyles that had been banned under military rule. "All these kids who were raised under Franco and religious oppression, suddenly freedom arrived and they embraced it", Simón says. "They didn't think much about the future or the consequences of what they were experimenting with. And then the drugs came in."When we talk about this generation in Spain, people sometimes use words like shame and blame, but I feel that's really unfair: people like my parents just had bad luck.The Future Direction: Beyond Family in Simón's Next ProjectHalfway through Romería there is a stylistic shift, from the Eurorealism she favoured in her previous works toward something more magical-realist: there is a mysterious cat you might expect to encounter in a Miyazaki film, and an unforgettable dance number set to Vigo punk rocker's Siniestro Total's song Bailaré Sobre Tu Tumba ("I'll Dance on Your Grave")."These three films I've made are kind of a cycle, because they all talk about my family, adoptive and biological. But since I became a mother a few years ago, I feel that my place in the family changed. When you have kids you feel it's a new period in your life, so I feel like maybe doing something that has nothing to do with my family."Her next film, she confides, is going to be a flamenco musical.

Vistry warned that its first‑half adjusted pre‑tax profit will be "significantly lower" than the prior year, citing the fallout from the US‑Israeli war on Iran. The warning sent the stock down 10.5%, its lowest level in nearly 15 years, and prompted a company‑wide operational review led by new CEO Adam Daniels. Vistry’s Profit Warning Amid Middle East Conflict The housebuilder, owner of Bovis Homes, Countryside and Linden Homes, updated investors hours before its AGM, stating that heightened macro‑economic uncertainty has altered the outlook since the March update. While sales volumes remain above last year, buyer caution has risen sharply due to the conflict. Financial Fallout: Share Drop and Profit Forecasts Key financial signals include: Share price fell 10.5% in early trading, reaching a 15‑year trough. First‑half profit expected to be "significantly lower" than 2025. Adjusted pre‑tax profit for 2026 projected to sit in the "middle of the range" of analyst forecasts. Company halted its share‑buy‑back programme to prioritise debt reduction. Ripple Effects on the UK Housing Market and Supply Chain The conflict has introduced upward pressure on building‑material costs and labour wages, pressures Vistry expects to persist into the second half of the year. To mitigate, Vistry is negotiating with suppliers and offering larger buyer incentives, actions that further compress margins. Industry analysts, such as Anthony Codling of RBC Capital Markets, note that while execution risks remain high, the update reflects a broader slowdown in UK housing activity. Outlook: Operational Review and Path to Recovery CEO Adam Daniels has launched a company‑wide operational review, with findings slated for September. The firm anticipates a partial recovery in the second half of the year, aiming for profits flat with 2025 levels and a return to a more stable growth trajectory thereafter.