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In the rugged Hindu Kush mountains of eastern Afghanistan, hundreds of men are scouring the rocky Kunar riverbed for precious gold dust, creating a livelihood amid limited economic options.Against the backdrop of towering peaks, some still snow-capped in April, workers labour near the Pakistan border, seeking valuable flecks that could change their fortunes in a country plagued by low wages.Near Kharwalu village in Kunar province – with its mud-brick homes and terraced wheat fields – men excavate dry sections of the riverbed before washing their rocky hauls with river water.Delawar, 45, joined these gold prospectors after leaving his construction job seven hours from his Kabul home. “There are not many job opportunities in the country, and in this way, we have created work for ourselves,” said the father of eight who uses only one name.“The gold nuggets we find are usually smaller than a grain of wheat,” he added.In nearby Ghaziabad, hundreds chip away at the mountainside with picks, carrying heavy sacks down steep slopes to empty onto sieves for gold filtration.Others use yellow jerrycans attached to long wooden handles to pour river water over sieves, allowing smaller, potentially gold-bearing stones to slide onto mats. After two additional siftings, gold nuggets occasionally appear in metal pans.Gul Ahmad Jan, 35, claims the work can be lucrative. “We can get up to about 1gm of gold,” worth approximately 8,000 Afghani ($125) in just one week, he said.Afghanistan’s natural resources remained largely unexploited during decades of conflict, though a Kunar official told the AFP news agency that gold panning has occurred there for more than 10 years.

Pakistani officials have expressed confidence that a significant diplomatic breakthrough could emerge from the latest round of U.S.–Iran negotiations, with Islamabad intensifying its role as mediator in a conflict that has already claimed thousands of lives. On Wednesday, a senior Pakistani delegation led by Army Chief Asim Munir landed in Tehran to deliver a message from Washington to Iranian leaders, according to Iran’s Press TV. The envoy was welcomed by Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, who thanked Pakistan for its "gracious hosting of dialogue" and indicated that groundwork is being laid for a second U.S.–Iran round of talks. Al Jazeera analyst Osama Bin Javaid noted that Pakistani officials anticipate a "major breakthrough on the nuclear front," with messages shuttling continuously between the two capitals. The core dispute centers on the length of any Iranian enrichment freeze—ranging from a proposed five‑year to a twenty‑year moratorium—and the disposition of Iran’s 440 kilograms of highly enriched uranium. Options under discussion include exporting the material, diluting it to natural uranium, or reducing enrichment to a maximum of 3 %. Pakistan’s diplomatic push follows a stalled U.S.–Iran session in Islamabad that ended without a cease‑fire agreement. Mediators are now concentrating on three pivotal issues: the nuclear programme, control of the strategic Strait of Hormuz—which Tehran has effectively closed, driving up global oil prices—and compensation for wartime damages. The conflict, ignited by the United States and Israel on 28 February, has resulted in more than 3,000 Iranian deaths and prompted retaliatory strikes against Gulf states. It has also reignited hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon, where over 2,000 casualties have been reported since early March. A cease‑fire declared on 8 April halted attacks in Iran and the Gulf, yet Israeli operations in southern Lebanon have persisted. Simultaneously, Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif embarked on a regional tour to Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkey, a move described by Bin Javaid as a "double‑pronged strategy" aimed at neutralising opposition to a potential deal. According to the White House, President Donald Trump signalled optimism on Tuesday, suggesting the war could conclude within "an amazing two days" and that it is "very close to over." Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt later described the Pakistan‑facilitated talks as "productive and ongoing," adding that further negotiations are likely to take place in Islamabad. Iran’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed that message exchanges with the United States have continued via Pakistani channels, with spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei stating that Tehran’s positions have been communicated. Nevertheless, tensions linger. A U.S. naval blockade of Iranian ports in the Strait of Hormuz remains active; U.S. Central Command reported turning back nine vessels as of Wednesday. Iran’s military denounced the blockade as a breach of the cease‑fire, and the Iranian joint command chief, Ali Abdollahi, warned of possible retaliation by disrupting trade routes through the Red Sea, the Gulf and the Sea of Oman if the blockade persists.

New research indicates that individuals carrying the red‑hair allele have been evolutionary winners in Europe for more than 10,000 years. The study, led by Harvard scientists, examined DNA from nearly 16,000 ancient remains and over 6,000 living Europeans, providing robust proof that human biology continues to evolve long after farming began. Researchers identified 479 genetic variants that show clear signs of positive selection. Among these are genes linked to red hair and fair skin, as well as variants that affect susceptibility to coeliac disease, diabetes risk, baldness and rheumatoid arthritis. The authors suggest that the advantage of red hair may stem from its association with lighter skin, which enhances vitamin D synthesis in low‑sunlight environments—a crucial benefit for early European farmers. Prior to this work, only about 21 traits had been documented as having risen through natural selection, such as lactase persistence. The scarcity of earlier examples had led some to argue that directional selection was rare after modern humans left Africa. By leveraging an unprecedented volume of ancient genomic data and advanced computational methods, the team demonstrated that selection pressures intensified during the transition from hunter‑gatherer societies to agricultural ones, reshaping hundreds of genes across West Eurasia. "With these new techniques and the sheer scale of ancient DNA, we can now observe how selection sculpted our biology in near real‑time," said Dr. Ali Akbari, the study’s first author. Beyond vitamin D, the rise of certain disease‑related alleles poses intriguing puzzles. A mutation that heightens the risk of coeliac disease emerged around 4,000 years ago and has steadily increased, implying that carriers may have enjoyed other survival advantages despite the autoimmune threat. Similarly, the immune‑regulating gene TYK2, which markedly raises tuberculosis susceptibility, grew in frequency between 9,000 and 3,000 years ago before declining, hinting at a complex balance between pathogen defense and disease risk. The analysis also uncovered negative selection against genetic profiles that promote a high body‑fat percentage, supporting the classic “thrifty genes” hypothesis: traits advantageous for storing energy during scarce hunter‑gatherer periods became detrimental once agriculture ensured a steadier food supply. "This work lets us assign both place and time to the forces that have shaped us," noted Prof. David Reich, senior author and Harvard Medical School geneticist. While the findings are confined to West Eurasian populations, they raise broader questions about whether similar evolutionary dynamics occurred elsewhere. The full study appears in Nature.

Jason Allen-Paisant, an award-winning poet, has written an audiobook titled 'The Possibility of Tenderness', which is a meditation on nature, history, race, and the notion of belonging. The book is narrated by the author himself and is available via Penguin Audio, with a duration of 8 hours and 32 minutes.Allen-Paisant's early childhood in Coffee Grove, Jamaica, played a significant role in shaping his relationship with nature. He spent his early years climbing trees, picking fruit, and helping his grandmother harvest yams on their small plot of land. This close connection with the natural world had a profound impact on his life.As Allen-Paisant grew older and moved to Britain to study at Oxford, he noticed a significant change in his interactions with nature. He realized that his socio-economic status and class limited his access to the natural world in Britain, leading him to feel disconnected from the land and soil.The audiobook is a personal account of Allen-Paisant's journey to reconnect with nature and find a sense of belonging. He explains how surrounding himself with nature allows him to feel hopeful and find ways to cope with the constraints of racism. Allen-Paisant emphasizes the importance of non-anger and finding ways to live through difficult experiences.Further listening recommendations are also provided, including 'Don’t Let It Break You, Honey' by Jenny Evans and 'Slags' by Emma Jane Unsworth.

Argentina’s justice system has reopened the case surrounding the death of football icon Diego Maradona, with prosecutors branding his medical team as “a bunch of amateurs” who missed a critical window to save him.The trial of seven healthcare professionals—doctors, psychologists and nurses—resumed on Tuesday in San Isidro, a suburb of Buenos Aires, after the original proceedings were annulled when a presiding judge was found to have participated in a documentary about the case.Maradona, who died in November 2020 at age 60 while recuperating from surgery for a brain clot, is alleged to have suffered from heart failure and acute pulmonary edema two weeks post‑operation. Prosecutor Patricio Ferrari asserted that the patient began to deteriorate 12 hours before his official death and that a timely transfer to a clinic could have prevented the fatal outcome.According to the indictment, the defendants’ decision to keep Maradona at home rather than in a hospital, coupled with a series of “omissions” described as “cruel,” constitutes homicide with possible intent. If convicted, each could face prison terms ranging from eight to 25 years.The new proceedings, expected to conclude by July at the earliest, will hear testimony from roughly 120 witnesses. Among the accused, former team doctor Leopoldo Luque and other staff members will be scrutinized for their role in the athlete’s care.Maradona’s family—daughters Dalma, Gianinna and Jana, and former partner Veronica Ojeda—attended the hearing, urging the courts to deliver “justice for Diego” and allow the legend to “rest in peace.” Outside, about 50 supporters waved Argentine flags and signs demanding accountability for the beloved “D10s.”Defense counsel Vadim Mischanchuk argued that the former star’s death resulted from a “progressive decline in his health” rather than medical malpractice, emphasizing that the condition was natural and unavoidable.Legal analyst Fernando Burlando, representing the Maradona family, highlighted the absence of a stethoscope on the legend’s chest during the critical two‑week period, using the instrument as a stark symbol of alleged negligence.The case revives national grief that first erupted when Maradona’s body lay in state at the presidential palace, drawing tens of thousands of mourners amid the COVID‑19 pandemic.

Adam Scott, a familiar face in the entertainment industry since the 90s, has had a diverse career spanning films like Hellraiser IV: Bloodline, Star Trek: First Contact, Knocked Up, and Step Brothers. One of his most memorable roles was as Ben Wyatt in Parks and Recreation, where he played a state auditor and the anxious policy wonk turned devoted husband to Leslie Knope, played by Amy Poehler.Since his time on Parks and Recreation, Scott has continued to work in both comedy and drama, appearing in shows such as The Good Place and Veep, as well as taking the lead in the Apple TV hit Severance. His film work has also been notable, with roles in Madame Web alongside Dakota Johnson and as an absent father in Stephen King’s The Monkey.In addition to his acting career, Scott also runs a podcast series called U Talkin’…, where he deep-dives into bands like U2, REM, and Talking Heads. He has also expressed his fandom on occasion, such as when he met his hero Mark Hamill on Jimmy Kimmel.Now, Adam Scott is set to star in the supernatural horror film Hokum, which is scheduled to release in cinemas on May 1st. Fans have the opportunity to ask him questions about his career and upcoming projects, with responses to be published in a reader interview series. Questions must be submitted by 3pm BST this Thursday, April 16th.

The trial of Diego Maradona's medical team has resumed in Argentina, nearly a year after it was halted due to a judicial scandal. Maradona, considered one of the world's greatest football players, died in November 2020 at the age of 60.He passed away from heart failure and acute pulmonary edema two weeks after undergoing brain surgery. The new trial aims to determine if Maradona's medical team was responsible for his death.Seven members of his medical team were charged with negligent homicide and have denied the charges. They were facing prison sentences of between eight and 25 years.The trial is expected to hear from around 120 witnesses and will last until July. The defence maintains that Maradona died of natural causes, citing his struggles with cocaine and alcohol addictions.Maradona's death brought hundreds of thousands of Argentines onto the streets in mourning during the COVID pandemic. He is lauded as one of the greatest and most iconic players in football history, known for his performance in the 1986 World Cup tournament.

Colombia's Environment Minister, Irene Velez, announced on Monday that the country will cull up to 80 hippos that have been roaming freely in a region near the Magdalena River basin. The decision comes after previous attempts to control the population, including sterilization and capturing the animals, proved too expensive or ineffective.The hippos were introduced to Colombia by infamous drug lord Pablo Escobar in the 1980s, when he brought four to his private zoo. After Escobar's death, the hippo population swelled to an estimated 170, with the animals now spotted up to 60 miles from Escobar's former ranch, Hacienda Napoles.Authorities say the hippos pose a threat to villagers who encounter them and compete with native wildlife, such as manatees, for food. Despite local concerns, the hippos have become a tourist attraction, with visitors flocking to the Napoles ranch to spot the animals and buy hippo-themed souvenirs.Animal welfare activists have opposed the culling, citing concerns about the country's history of conflict and the potential for the cull to set a poor example. However, Velez emphasized that the action is necessary to preserve Colombia's ecosystems. The hippos cannot be returned to their natural habitat due to their limited gene pool, which could lead to the spread of diseases.

The way large language models are trained could have a profound impact on human communication. These models are primarily trained on written text, such as textbooks and social media posts, and our speech as captured in movies and television shows. However, this limited scope excludes the vast majority of human speech, which occurs through face-to-face conversations and voice interactions.As a result, the increased use of AI-generated text could lead to a homogenization of language, with humans adopting the linguistic patterns and behaviors of these models. This could affect not only how we communicate with one another but also how we think about ourselves and the world around us. Our perception of reality may become distorted in ways we have yet to fully comprehend.One potential consequence is that our language may become more concise and formulaic, similar to the effects of texting and social media. However, the impact of AI-generated language could be more profound, potentially eroding courteousness and encouraging a more commanding tone in our interactions. A 2022 study found that children who used voice commands with tools like Siri and Alexa became curt when speaking with humans, often using imperative language and expecting obedience.Moreover, the influence of AI-generated text could lead to a narrowing of vocabulary and sentence structure, as machines tend to produce smooth and polished but emotionless language. This could have significant implications for how we express ourselves and connect with others. Additionally, the reinforcement of confirmation bias through AI-generated text could make us more entrenched in our views and less open to opposing ideas.It is essential to consider the potential consequences of relying on AI-generated language and to explore ways to develop more nuanced and human-like language models. By excluding the majority of human language production – informal conversations and natural speech – these models may be mirroring a distorted version of human communication. This could have far-reaching implications for our relationships, our culture, and our understanding of ourselves.