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The Challenges of FDA Approval Surviving the long road to FDA approval isn’t just about building great technology — it’s about keeping your team motivated, finding the right investors, and learning how to operate when timelines are uncertain. Lessons from BioticsAI This week on Build Mode, Isabelle Johannessen sits down with Robhy Bustami, co-founder and CEO of BioticsAI, a Startup Battlefield-winning company building an AI copilot for ultrasound to help detect fetal abnormalities. From a $100,000 prototype to FDA clearance, Bustami shares what it actually takes to build in one of the most regulated industries in the world. Building a Medtech Startup In this episode, they break down what it really looks like to build a medtech startup, including where you can’t “move fast and break things” and that every milestone takes time, coordination, and trust. Key Takeaways Team motivation is crucial during the long FDA approval process Finding the right investors is essential for medtech startups Adaptability is key when dealing with uncertain timelines Future Outlook As the medtech industry continues to evolve, startups like BioticsAI will play a critical role in shaping the future of healthcare technology. With the right approach and mindset, these companies can overcome the challenges of FDA approval and make a lasting impact.

Salesforce's AI Roadmap Strategy Artificial intelligence continues to advance at a dizzying clip, forcing enterprises to develop and release new products quicker than ever or risk becoming irrelevant to a faster-moving competitor. Salesforce believes it has found a strategy that allows it to keep up even if it isn’t clear where AI is headed next. The customer management software giant is crowdsourcing its AI roadmap in real time. Crowdsourcing AI Development Salesforce is certainly not the only company to work intimately with its customers for feedback on its products. However, it’s notable considering the sheer size of the company, the pace of new product launches or fixes to existing ones, and the granular level of these relationships. These aren’t annual or even quarterly discussions. Salesforce is meeting with some customers as often as once a week. The Benefits of Customer Feedback “The 18,000 customers are a wellspring of information and a wealth of information that is really needed to get to customer success,” Jayesh Govindarajan, executive vice president at Salesforce AI, told TechCrunch in a recent interview. “The stack that we’ve built has resonated with these customers. Over time we can get context to be better, and as it gets better, and LLMs get better, agent systems do more and more fully autonomous behaviors. That’s a long-running innovation track and we’re going to invest in that.” Rapid Product Releases Salesforce credits its customers for the rate of its product releases. The company told TechCrunch that by letting its customers lead the way, it is able to build an AI product roadmap that can quickly react to where AI technology is headed. Real-World Applications Engine, a travel management platform, meets with Salesforce weekly and gets access to AI tools before they’re released. PenFed, a federal credit union, developed an IT service management (ITSM) workflow on its own using existing tools and agents in Agentforce. The Future of AI Development This strategy also allows the company to roll out solutions and workflows built by users to its broader customer base too. However, it relies on the classic service sentiment that the customer is always right. Salesforce is hoping they are despite many enterprises still figuring out what role AI will play in their business, and many having yet to find value from the tech.

Lindsey Vonn is still grappling with the physical and emotional fallout from her crash in the women’s downhill at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Cortina d’Ampezzo. While she has made strides in rehab, the decision to race again remains on hold as she faces additional surgery and a lengthy recovery timeline. Olympic Crash Leaves Vonn Facing a Prolonged Recovery On February 8, 2026, Vonn crashed just 13 seconds into the downhill run, sustaining a complex left tibia fracture that nearly required amputation. The injury forced her out of a season where she led the World Cup downhill standings and had never finished worse than fourth. Recovery Numbers: Surgeries, Timeline, and Physical Setbacks Eight surgeries already performed since the crash, covering fracture fixation and soft‑tissue repair. One additional surgery needed to remove metal hardware and reconstruct the ACL. Estimated 6‑9 months post‑ACL surgery before she can train at full capacity. Overall, Vonn projects a minimum of 18 months before she could consider competitive skiing again. She has progressed from a wheelchair to crutches and expects to begin short walks within a week, but full mobility remains months away. Implications for U.S. Alpine Skiing and Athlete Health Management Vonn’s situation underscores the high‑risk nature of downhill skiing and raises questions about long‑term athlete health protocols. Her experience may prompt U.S. Ski & Snowboard to revisit injury‑prevention strategies, especially for veteran athletes returning after extended absences. Additionally, Vonn’s partnership with biopharma firm Invivyd highlights a growing trend of elite athletes endorsing medical‑technology campaigns, potentially influencing public perception of advanced treatment options. What Lies Ahead: Possible Return Timeline and Retirement Scenarios Vonn has not spoken to her medical team about a definitive comeback plan, preferring to focus on the current recovery phase. She indicated that any competitive return would not be realistic until the 2027‑2028 season at the earliest. Possible outcomes include: Full comeback: Completing the remaining surgery, rehabilitating the ACL, and returning to training for a 2028 Olympic bid. Retirement: Choosing to end her racing career, which would add to her legacy of 84 World Cup wins, second only to Mikaela Shiffrin. Extended hiatus: Remaining involved in the sport through mentorship or commentary while focusing on health. Vonn’s own words capture her mindset: “Tell me I can’t, and I’ll prove you wrong,” reflecting both her competitive spirit and the uncertainty that lies ahead.

The Shift in Russia-Iran Relations Russia has given Iran something more important than weapons, signaling a deepening alliance between the two countries. This development comes at a time when both nations are seeking to strengthen their positions on the global stage. The Nature of Russia's Gift While specific details about the nature of this gift are scarce, it is clear that Russia is investing in Iran's capabilities, potentially in areas such as technology, energy, or defense systems. This move is seen as a strategic effort to bolster Iran's position in the region. The Implications of this Alliance The growing partnership between Russia and Iran has significant implications for the global balance of power. It reflects a broader trend of nations forming strategic alliances to counterbalance Western influence. The Future of Russia-Iran Cooperation As both countries continue to navigate the complexities of international relations, their cooperation is likely to expand into new areas. This could include joint military exercises, economic partnerships, and technological exchanges. The Global Response The international community is closely watching the developments in Russia-Iran relations. Western nations, in particular, are concerned about the potential for this alliance to challenge their interests in the region.

The Shadow Fleet's Triumph in HormuzOn March 11, the Thai cargo ship Mayuree Naree was struck by two projectiles while crossing the Strait of Hormuz, one of the world's most important waterways located between Iran and Oman. A fire broke out in the engine room, and while 20 sailors were rescued, three remained trapped inside the stricken vessel. Their remains were found weeks later when a specialised rescue team boarded the vessel, which had run aground on the shores of Iran's Qeshm island.At about the same time, a "shadow fleet" of tankers continued to navigate the very same waters safely. Operating with fake flags, disabled signals and unspecified destinations, this covert armada survived because it operates outside the traditional rules of maritime trade.Iran threatened to block "enemy" ships passing through the Strait of Hormuz – a crucial chokepoint for a fifth of the world's oil – in the wake of the United States-Israeli war launched on February 28. Soon, navigation through the strait was disrupted amid fears of attacks.Following a temporary ceasefire on April 8, the United States imposed a full naval blockade on Iranian ports on April 13. Theoretically, traffic through the strait should have come to a complete halt.However, tracking data reveals a remarkably different reality.How Iran's Covert Maritime Network OperatedAn exclusive Al Jazeera open-source investigation tracked 202 voyages made by 185 vessels through the strait between March 1 and April 15, navigating both under fire and across blockade lines.To understand how the strait operated under extreme pressure, Al Jazeera's Digital Investigative Unit monitored the waterway daily, cross-referencing vessel International Maritime Organization (IMO) numbers with international sanction lists from the US Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), the European Union, the United Kingdom and the United Nations. An IMO number is a unique seven-digit figure assigned to commercial ships.Of the tracked voyages, 77 (38.5 percent) were directly or indirectly linked to Iran. Notably, 61 of the ships transiting the strait were explicitly listed on international sanctions lists.The investigation divided the conflict into three distinct phases to map the fleet's behaviour:Phase 1: Open War (March 1 – April 6): 126 ships crossed the strait, peaking at 30 vessels on March 1. Among these, 46 were linked to Iran.Phase 2: The Truce (April 7 – 13): 49 ships crossed during this fragile pause. More than 40 percent of these vessels were tied to Iran, including the US-sanctioned, Iranian-flagged Roshak, which successfully exited the Gulf.Phase 3: The US Blockade (April 13 – 15): Despite the explicit naval blockade, 25 ships crossed the strait.Breaking the Blockade: Tactics and TechniquesWhen the US blockade took effect, the shadow fleet adapted immediately.The Iranian cargo ship "13448" successfully broke the blockade. Because it is a smaller vessel operating in coastal waters, it lacks an official IMO number, allowing it to evade traditional sanction-monitoring tools. The vessel departed Iran's Al Hamriya port and reached Karachi, Pakistan.Similarly, the Panama-flagged Manali broke the blockade, crossing on April 14 and penetrating the cordon again on April 17 en route to Mumbai, India.The investigation uncovered widespread manipulation of Automatic Identification System (AIS) trackers. Vessels such as the US-sanctioned Flora, Genoa and Skywave deliberately disabled or jammed their signals to hide their identities and destinations.The Global Network Behind Fake FlagsTo obscure ultimate ownership, the shadow fleet heavily relies on a complex web of "false flags" and shell companies. The investigation identified 16 ships operating under fake flags, including registries from landlocked nations like Botswana and San Marino, as well as others from Madagascar, Guinea, Haiti and Comoros.The operational network managing these ships spans the globe. Operating firms were primarily based in Iran (15.7 percent), China (13 percent), Greece (more than 11 percent) and the United Arab Emirates (9.7 percent). Notably, the operators of nearly 19 percent of the observed vessels remain unknown.Economic Impact on Global Energy MarketsDespite the intense military pressure, energy carriers dominated the traffic, with 68 ships (36.2 percent) transporting crude oil, petroleum products and gas. Ten of these tankers were directly linked to Iran. Non-oil trade also persisted, with 57 bulk and general cargo ships crossing during the open war phase, 41 of which were tied to Tehran.Before the war, at least 100 ships crossed the Strait of Hormuz daily. Today, a staggering 20,000 sailors are trapped on 2,000 ships across the Gulf – a crisis the International Maritime Organization described as unprecedented since World War II.A shadow Iranian fleet, meanwhile, has been navigating seamlessly as part of a parallel maritime system born from 47 years of US sanctions on Tehran. Washington slapped sanctions on Tehran following the 1979 Islamic revolution that toppled the pro-Washington ruler Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The two countries have had no diplomatic ties since 1980.Future Implications for Global Trade and SanctionsThe success of Iran's shadow fleet in evading the US naval blockade demonstrates the limitations of traditional sanctions and naval blockades in the modern era. As technology enables more sophisticated evasion techniques, international bodies may need to develop new monitoring and enforcement mechanisms to maintain effective sanctions regimes.The persistence of trade through the Strait of Hormuz, despite military conflict and blockades, underscores the critical importance of this waterway to global energy markets. Any prolonged disruption would have significant economic implications worldwide, potentially accelerating efforts to develop alternative trade routes and energy sources.Meanwhile, the humanitarian crisis affecting thousands of sailors stranded in the Gulf highlights the unintended consequences of geopolitical conflicts on civilian maritime operations, potentially prompting new international agreements on protecting neutral shipping during conflicts.

The AI-Driven Cloud RenaissanceAmazon defied Wall Street expectations, signaling that the AI infrastructure arms race is fully underway. The e-commerce giant reported a 28% surge in its cloud division, driven by unprecedented demand for compute power, while simultaneously warning investors that this growth comes with a steep price tag in capital expenditures.Unprecedented Growth in the AI EraAWS Performance: Net sales climbed to $37.6 billion, marking a 28% year-over-year increase and the fastest growth rate in 15 quarters.Market Leadership: CEO Andy Jassy highlighted that companies continue to choose AWS for AI, positioning the company as a dominant player in the current technology wave.Historical Context: Jassy drew a parallel to the early 2000s, noting that while AWS took three years to reach a $58 million revenue run rate, the AI wave has generated a $15 billion run rate in just three years—nearly 260 times larger.Capital Expenditure: The Engine of GrowthEven as revenue soars, Amazon is aggressively expanding its physical footprint to support the AI boom. Jassy confirmed that capital expenditure growth will continue in the near term, driven by the need to lay out cash for land, power, buildings, and networking gear in advance of monetization.Infrastructure Build-out: The company is investing in assets with long lifespans, such as data centers that last over 30 years and chips or servers with a useful life of 5 to 6 years.Financial Impact: Amazon reported a $59.3 billion year-over-year increase in purchases of property and equipment, much of which is directly tied to AI infrastructure.The Trade-Off: Growth vs. Free Cash FlowThe surge in spending has created a significant short-term drag on profitability. Jassy acknowledged that during periods of high growth where capital expenditures outpace revenue, free cash flow is inherently challenged.Free Cash Flow Decline: Trailing twelve-month free cash flow dropped to $1.2 billion, a 95% decrease from the $25.9 billion reported in the first quarter of 2025.Investor Sentiment: While the e-commerce giant’s overall sales rose 17% to $181.5 billion, the sharp reduction in free cash flow has raised questions about the sustainability of such high levels of spending.Future Outlook: A Long-Term BetAmazon is positioning this current cash burn as a necessary investment for a massive downstream payoff. The company expects to feel similarly about this next wave of growth as it did during the first AWS boom, anticipating that the infrastructure laid today will generate substantial revenue and free cash flow in the future.

The Lead Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella addressed concerns about the revised OpenAI partnership, confirming that Microsoft will "exploit" its new royalty-free access to OpenAI's advanced AI technology through 2032, while maintaining significant financial benefits from the relationship. The Strategic Shift in OpenAI Partnership During a discussion with Wall Street analysts, Nadella emphasized that the new agreement represents a win-win construct for both companies. "We have a frontier model, with all the IP rights that we will have access to all the way to '32 and we fully plan to exploit it," he stated. The revised deal allows Microsoft to retain access to OpenAI's intellectual property—including its models and agent products—without having to pay for them directly. Financial Impact of the AI Business Microsoft reported that its AI business has surpassed an annual revenue run rate of $37 billion, marking a 123% increase year-over-year. This performance was highlighted during the company's earnings report, which covered the final quarter under the previous OpenAI agreement. Nadella explained that Microsoft continues to benefit financially through OpenAI's status as a major customer, with commitments to purchase over $250 billion worth of Microsoft's cloud services, in addition to Microsoft's 27% stake in OpenAI. Industry Implications of Multi-Model Adoption The new partnership comes at a time when Microsoft has lost exclusive access to OpenAI's technology, with OpenAI announcing exclusive AI products with Microsoft's largest cloud rival, Amazon. However, Nadella downplayed concerns about losing competitive advantage, noting that enterprises increasingly prefer using multiple AI models. "We offer the broadest selection of models of any hyperscaler, so customers can choose the right model for the right workload across OpenAI, Anthropic, open source, and more. Over 10,000 customers have used more than one model," he explained. Future Outlook for Microsoft's AI Strategy As Microsoft moves forward with its revised OpenAI partnership, the company appears well-positioned to maintain its leadership in the AI space. By providing diverse model options and leveraging its comprehensive cloud infrastructure, Microsoft aims to continue delivering cloud growth and profits. The long-term royalty-free access to OpenAI's technology through 2032 provides Microsoft with significant flexibility to integrate advanced AI capabilities across its product ecosystem while adapting to the evolving demands of enterprise customers.

The Rise of AI-Generated Video AI-generated video has rapidly evolved from a novelty to a creative tool, with Runway at the forefront of this shift. The New York-based company has raised approximately $860 million at a valuation of $5.3 billion, competing with well-funded labs like Google and OpenAI. Pushing the Boundaries of AI Technology Runway's technology extends beyond video generation; it's now focusing on developing general world models. These models have potential applications in various fields, including gaming, robotics, and possibly general intelligence. A Conversation with Runway's CEO On a recent episode of TechCrunch's Equity podcast, host Rebecca Bellan interviewed Runway co-founder and CEO Cristóbal Valenzuela. They discussed the future of video generation and Runway's expanding ambitions beyond Hollywood. The Future of AI Development Valenzuela's vision for Runway includes exploring the possibilities of general world models. This development could have significant implications for the tech industry, potentially leading to more sophisticated AI applications. Staying Up-to-Date with Equity Listeners can tune in to the full episode on various platforms, including YouTube, Apple Podcasts, Overcast, and Spotify. They can also follow Equity on X and Threads at @EquityPod.

The Forensic Technology BreakthroughCo-op is secretly marking commonly-stolen items including alcohol, laundry detergents, and sweets with invisible "forensic spray" to track them, in the latest crackdown on shoplifting as a new law on retail crime kicks in. The grocer uses a spray containing a unique forensic code for a particular location where the items were sold, allowing police to identify which Co-op store the items originated from when investigating physical shops or online stores suspected to be selling stolen goods.The technique has been tested in Manchester and London since last year and is now being rolled out across the country. Police forces have previously used similar tactics to track down stolen bikes and valuables, and to protect domestic abuse victims.The Security Investment AnalysisThe Co-op has invested approximately £250m in security measures including body-worn cameras for staff, additional security guards, reinforced kiosks for high-value products such as spirits and tobacco, and special shelving that prevents large amounts of goods being swept into bags. The retailer has also implemented AI technology to help identify unusual activity via CCTV cameras in stores and alert staff so they can intervene.These measures have yielded significant results. The Co-op reported that crime in its stores decreased by a fifth last year, while physical attacks on staff fell by almost a third year-on-year. The retailer has also partnered with police in 20 areas to share evidence such as CCTV images, resulting in 500 prolific offenders receiving custodial sentences collectively amounting to more than 100 years.The Industry-Wide ImpactThis initiative is part of a broader industry response to rising retail crime. The Co-op's approach represents a shift from merely preventing theft to actively disrupting the resale networks that drive organized retail crime. Paul Gerrard, policy director at the Co-op, emphasized: "We have made it harder to steal things and now we are making it harder to sell."The retailer's efforts align with new legislation under the crime and policing bill, which passed into law with measures including a new standalone offense of assaulting a retail worker and easier action for thefts of items worth less than £200. Police are collaborating with retailers through the "Opal project" in an attempt to tackle retail crime more effectively.The Future OutlookIndustry experts predict that technology-based solutions like forensic marking will become increasingly common as retailers seek innovative ways to combat theft. The Co-op's success in reducing crime by 20% through these measures may encourage other retailers to adopt similar technologies.Prime Minister Keir Starmer has noted that "the tide could be turning" on shoplifting, pointing to a 17% rise in people charged for what has become a hot political issue. He emphasized that CCTV footage should be shared more immediately with police and that "the hope of technology" could make a significant difference in addressing retail crime.Despite these positive developments, challenges remain. The Co-op reports that approximately 100 staff members still face abuse in one day, with up to four being physically attacked. Gerrard noted that while progress is being made, continued investment and collaboration between businesses, police, and government will be essential to create safer retail environments.