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On the third anniversary of Sudan's civil war, international donors have pledged $1.5 billion in humanitarian aid to alleviate the suffering of millions affected by the conflict. The pledges were made during a conference in Berlin, attended by about a dozen foreign ministers and over 60 delegations.United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres described the anniversary as a 'tragic milestone in a conflict that has shattered a country of immense promise.' He emphasized that the consequences of the war are not confined to Sudan, but are destabilizing the wider region.The conflict in Sudan began in April 2023, when fighting erupted between the military and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) after a long-simmering power struggle. The war has resulted in nearly 34 million people needing humanitarian assistance and over 4.5 million being forced to flee their homes.Guterres also highlighted the dire situation for women and girls in Sudan, who have been terrorized and subjected to systematic sexual violence. The conference aimed to not only rally donors but also to help revive stalled negotiations to end the fighting, although the two sides fighting the war were excluded.Sudan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs criticized the meeting as a 'colonial tutelage approach,' accusing Western leaders of trying to impose their agenda and vision without consulting or coordinating with Khartoum. The ministry stated that it 'will not accept that countries and regional and international organizations convene to decide on its affairs and bypass the Sudanese government under the pretext of neutrality.'German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul announced that his country pledged 212 million euros ($250m) in humanitarian aid and thanked donors for their pledges. He emphasized that the aid will help alleviate the suffering of the people in Sudan, save lives, and show that the conflict has not been forgotten.

Iranian Major General Ali Abdollahi stated that if the US continues its naval blockade in the Strait of Hormuz, it would be seen as a prelude to violating the ceasefire. The blockade has completely halted economic trade going into and out of Iran by sea. Abdollahi emphasized that Iran's armed forces will not allow any exports or imports to continue in the Persian Gulf, the Sea of Oman, and the Red Sea. The US military's actions have significant implications for Iran's economy and regional stability.The current ceasefire was declared a week ago, and US President Donald Trump hinted at a second round of face-to-face talks with Iran in Pakistan in the coming days. However, Iranian authorities have maintained a defiant approach, with parliament's deputy speaker, Ali Nikzad, stating that Iran will never give concessions to its enemy.Iran's Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman, Esmaeil Baghaei, emphasized that Iran has not and will not seek a nuclear weapon but insists on its right to pursue nuclear energy for civilian purposes under United Nations safeguards. The level and type of enrichment can be negotiated.Iranian authorities have continued to announce the enforcement of death sentences, as well as a large number of arrests and asset confiscations. The judiciary has said some of the executions were linked to nationwide protests in January, during which thousands of people were killed during an internet blackout.

President Donald Trump declared that the war with Iran is "very close to over," even as Washington maintains a naval blockade of the strategic Strait of Hormuz. In Washington, D.C., Israeli and Lebanese ambassadors convened for uncommon direct talks, seeking a cease‑fire while Israel pressed for Hezbollah’s disarmament. Trump also hinted at a possible second round of negotiations with Tehran, suggesting talks could resume in Pakistan within days. The United States, however, is set to let a temporary sanctions waiver on stranded Iranian oil expire, tightening economic pressure on Tehran. The International Committee of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies delivered its first shipment of medical supplies and humanitarian aid into Iran since hostilities began, offering a modest lifeline to civilians. Inside Tehran, minor explosions caused limited damage and injuries, underscoring ongoing instability. Iran estimates its war‑related losses at $270 billion and plans to seek reparations. On the diplomatic front, the United Nations' IAEA chief Rafael Grossi noted that the duration of any uranium‑enrichment moratorium would be a political decision, reflecting the delicate balance of future negotiations. In the United States, the Senate is poised to vote as early as Wednesday on a Democratic initiative to restrict the president’s war powers, signaling growing congressional scrutiny of the conflict. Former defence official David Sedney warned that the Hormuz blockade is backfiring, increasing pressure on Washington as global trade routes are disrupted and domestic support wanes. Meanwhile, CENTCOM Commander Admiral Brad Cooper affirmed that the blockade of Iranian ports is fully operational and that U.S. forces retain maritime superiority in the region. President Trump publicly rebuked Italy’s Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni for not joining U.S. actions against Iran, describing her stance as lacking courage. U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced that American forces will intercept Chinese tankers carrying Iranian oil through the Hormuz Strait, effectively cutting off Iran’s oil exports while allowing non‑Iranian cargo to pass. Israel has proposed a long‑term troop presence extending up to 8 km into southern Lebanon until Hezbollah is dismantled, and continues air strikes aimed at encircling the strategic town of Bint Jbeil. Former U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Jeffrey Feltman highlighted a growing divergence between U.S. and Israeli priorities, noting Israel’s heightened concern over Iran’s ballistic‑missile program. In Lebanon, Israeli raids have resulted in multiple civilian casualties, with reports of villages being razed in a manner likened to Gaza. Hezbollah has rejected the ongoing Israel‑Lebanon talks, while public opinion remains split between hopes for peace and opposition to negotiations. The International Monetary Fund warned that any further escalation could push the global economy toward recession. It cut its 2026 growth forecast for the Middle East and North Africa to 1.1 % from 3.9 %, citing disruptions to Gulf oil and gas exports. On the markets, stock indices rose while oil prices slipped, reflecting renewed optimism for a diplomatic resolution and the reopening of the Hormuz Strait.

The humanitarian situation in Sudan has taken a devastating turn as the country prepares to mark the third anniversary of the brutal conflict between the army and paramilitaries. Nearly 700 civilians have been killed in drone strikes in Sudan since the beginning of 2026, according to the United Nations.The increasing use of drones in the conflict has been noted by the UN's humanitarian chief Tom Fletcher, who warned that the world has "failed to meet the test of Sudan". The conflict has disrupted life across Sudan, particularly in the southern Kordofan region and areas of the west controlled by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF).Doctors Without Borders reported two more deaths following drone strikes launched by the Sudanese army in the Darfur region, and treated 56 people wounded in the attack. The UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) said that drones were "responsible for nearly 80 percent" of the at least 245 children reported killed or injured during the first three months of the year.The UN's World Food Programme (WFP) warned that the situation is being "dangerously compounded" by the war in the Middle East, which has disrupted supply chains for aid groups. The US-Israeli war on Iran has forced aid groups to use costlier, more time-consuming routes, driving up the cost of food, fuel, and fertilizer.Nearly 34 million people, almost two-thirds of the population, need humanitarian support, making Sudan "the world's largest humanitarian crisis". The situation is dire, with hundreds of thousands of children acutely malnourished, and millions being deprived of an education. Women and girls are facing systemic and brutal sexual violence.

Approximately 250 Rohingya refugees and Bangladeshi nationals are now unaccounted for following the capsizing of an overcrowded vessel in the Andaman Sea, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) announced on Tuesday. The boat, packed with men, women and children, succumbed to heavy winds, rough seas and severe overcrowding, according to the UNHCR statement. The disaster underscores the perilous journeys many Rohingya undertake to escape persecution in Myanmar. Bangladesh Coast Guard (BCG) officials reported that a patrol ship en route to Indonesia rescued nine individuals on April 9, including one woman. Lieutenant Commander Sabbir Alam Sujan described how the crew spotted survivors clinging to drums and logs and pulled them from deep water. Among the rescued, six have been identified as alleged traffickers and are now in police custody, as reported by the Andalou news agency. Survivor testimony paints a grim picture. Rafiqul Islam, who was lured onto the boat with promises of employment in Malaysia, recounted that passengers were confined in a holding area where some died. He said the vessel leaked oil, causing burns, and that it drifted for four days before capsizing. "We floated for nearly 36 hours before a ship rescued us," he said, estimating that 25 to 30 people died from suffocation and the crush of overcrowding. The UNHCR warned that the tragedy reflects the "dire consequences of protracted displacement and the absence of durable solutions for the Rohingya." With the Andaman Sea bordering Myanmar, Thailand and the Malay Peninsula, the region remains a hazardous corridor for smuggling networks. Malaysia continues to be a favored destination for Rohingya migrants, drawn by its Muslim-majority population and existing diaspora. However, the journey often involves dangerous sea voyages facilitated by traffickers. Since the 2017 military offensive in Myanmar that forced over 730,000 Rohingya into Bangladesh, thousands have risked their lives each year to flee ongoing violence, repression and the lack of safe, legal pathways. International observers stress that without coordinated regional action and stronger protection mechanisms, such maritime disasters are likely to recur, compounding the humanitarian crisis and destabilizing coastal security.

Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif is embarking on a diplomatic mission to Saudi Arabia and Turkey this week, as his efforts to facilitate a second round of peace talks between the United States and Iran appear to be gaining traction.Sharif's bid to moderate talks comes during a fragile two-week ceasefire that has halted US and Israeli strikes on Iran. President Asif Ali Zardari has urged Sharif and other officials to remain engaged with the US, Iran, and other key powers to sustain the peace process.Reports of backchannel negotiations to arrange new peace talks surfaced on Monday, followed by comments from US President Donald Trump and the United Nations on Tuesday, suggesting there is support for Sharif's push. Trump indicated that talks could resume in Pakistan over the next two days, praising Pakistan's army chief Asim Munir as 'doing a great job.'The Associated Press reported on Tuesday that a diplomat from one of the mediating countries said Tehran and Washington had agreed to more talks, although the location, timing, and composition of the delegations had not been decided. Islamabad and Geneva are being considered as potential host cities.UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, who met with the deputy prime minister of Pakistan on Tuesday, said it was 'highly probable' that ceasefire talks would restart. He emphasized the need for continued negotiations and a persistent ceasefire.Any return to the negotiating table would likely test the diplomatic skills of Sharif and other mediators. During the fragile two-week ceasefire, the US military has mounted a naval blockade of Iran's ports and coastal areas in response to Iran's throttling of the Strait of Hormuz, which has caused global oil prices to skyrocket.

The ongoing conflict in Sudan has led to a staggering number of births, with 5.6 million children born since the start of the war in April 2023. This translates to 5,000 children a day being born in a country where millions are struggling to survive on just one meal a day.Save the Children has warned that these children are born in overcrowded shelters, under-equipped or damaged health facilities, or while their families are on the move. The charity's country director for Sudan, Mohamed Abdiladif, emphasized that children have a right to receive care and protection, even in conflict.The conflict, which began on April 15, 2023, has killed tens of thousands of people, displaced 12 million, and spawned the world's worst humanitarian crisis, according to the United Nations. Both sides have been accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity, while the RSF has been implicated in atrocities in the vast Darfur region.The healthcare system in Sudan has been pushed to the edge, with widespread violence and attacks on civilian infrastructure straining the country's already fragile healthcare system. The rate of maternal deaths during childbirth has increased by more than 12 percent, from 263 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2022 to 295 per 100,000 in 2025.Save the Children has called for all parties involved in the conflict to ensure the protection of civilians and allow access to reach families in urgent need of assistance.

The United Nations has issued a clear appeal urging all parties to respect and maintain safe navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. The statement underscores the strategic importance of the narrow waterway for international shipping and calls for cooperation to prevent disruptions.

In a forceful statement released on Monday, a panel of 13 United Nations experts demanded that Israel halt all attacks on displaced Palestinians sheltering in Gaza and cease the accelerating forced‑displacement campaign in the occupied West Bank. Israeli air strikes in March set fire to tents housing Gaza’s internally displaced people, causing numerous fatalities, the experts noted, describing the tactic as part of a broader strategy to make life untenable for Palestinians. “This cycle of displacement, terror, and targeted attacks serves an ultimate purpose: to make life unbearable for Palestinians and permanently force them from their land,” the panel declared, underscoring the systematic nature of the violence. The experts warned that the targeting of makeshift shelters violates international humanitarian law and amounts to a grave breach, given that the majority of Gaza’s population has already endured multiple forced transfers. Beyond the immediate danger of bombardment, civilians living in tents face severe health threats—including hunger, exposure to freezing temperatures, flooding, and a lack of basic services. Women and children, the panel stressed, bear a disproportionate share of deprivation. Turning to the West Bank, the panel condemned what it described as a “sharp escalation in forced displacement” driven by the Israeli army and “state‑backed settler terrorism.” Daily attacks have resulted in killings, injuries, and the widespread destruction of homes, farmland, and livelihoods. According to a 2025 report from the UN Human Rights Office, more than 36,000 Palestinians have been forcibly displaced amid the expansion of illegal settlements, a figure the experts say illustrates a broader policy of ethnic cleansing across the occupied Palestinian territory. The panel urged Israel to end all forced‑displacement activities in the West Bank and to facilitate the safe return of those uprooted. It also called on the international community to uphold its legal obligations, launch independent investigations, and refrain from providing assistance that could enable the continuation of the occupation. The 13‑member panel includes UN special rapporteurs such as Francesca Albanese (occupied Palestinian territory), Paula Gaviria Betancur (rights of internally displaced persons), Michael Fakhri (right to food), and Reem Alsalem (violence against women and girls).