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The Science Behind Cold Exposure and Weight Loss Wearing an ice vest or taking daily cold showers could help people lose weight, according to researchers. Despite the growing popularity of cold-water swimming and freezing plunges, to date there is minimal data on the health benefits of cold exposure. But a study of 47 adults with obesity or overweight has found that regular exposure to cold temperatures led to fat loss. The Study's Methodology and Findings Researchers at the University of Nottingham and the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) in the Netherlands gave half the participants an ice vest and waist wrap to wear for two hours every morning, while continuing their daily lives. The vests and waist wrap were worn on top of a thin T-shirt and contained gel-filled cooling packs that had been kept overnight in the freezer and maintained a temperature of 15C. In six weeks, participants lost 0.9kg (2lb), made up almost entirely of body fat, whereas the control group did not lose any weight and put on 0.6kg (1.3lb) on average. The Impact of Cold Exposure on Metabolism The lead researcher, Dr Mariëtte Boon, of LUMC, said: “This is one of the first studies looking at the impact of cold exposure over a prolonged period of time, involving people with overweight and obesity.” She added: “Vests like this can be worn at home and so cold exposure could be a simple and inexpensive addition to lifestyle strategies for weight loss such as healthy eating and physical activity.” The Potential for Cold Showers as a Weight Loss Tool The researchers, jointly funded by the Dutch Heart Foundation and the British Heart Foundation, are investigating whether other forms of regular cold exposure could reduce obesity, inflammation and prevent heart disease. The authors are conducting a separate study of 34 women in the Netherlands to see if cold showers also promote fat loss. Half of the women will have their shower on the coldest setting for 90 seconds every morning.

The Final Showdown at Wembley: Chelsea vs Manchester CityOn Saturday, May 16 at 3pm (14:00 GMT), Wembley Stadium will host the first ever FA Cup final meeting between Chelsea and Manchester City. City aim to become the first club to appear in four consecutive finals and to secure a domestic treble, while Chelsea seek to rebound from a season of managerial turnover.Lineup Reveal and Tactical ShiftsBoth managers have disclosed their projected starting XI, highlighting key injuries and strategic adjustments.Chelsea predicted XI: Sanchez; Gusto, Fofana, Colwill, Hato; James, Caicedo; Palmer, Fernandez, Cucurella; Pedro. Injuries sideline Estevao Willian, Jamie Gittens, and Jesse Derry.Manchester City predicted XI: Trafford; Nunes, Khusanov, Guehi, O’Reilly; Gonzalez, Bernardo; Semenyo, Cherki, Doku; Haaland. Rodri remains a groin doubt; Haaland, despite 161 goals in 196 games, has never scored or assisted in a semifinal or final.City’s manager Pep Guardiola has rotated his squad after the league win over Crystal Palace, while Chelsea’s interim boss Calum McFarlane looks to stabilise a side that finished ninth in the Premier League.Numbers That Define the ContestFA Cup titles: Chelsea – 8, Manchester City – 7.Head‑to‑head overall: 181 meetings; Chelsea 99 wins, City 68 wins.FA Cup meetings: 11 encounters; City leads 6‑4.Recent form: City sit second in the Premier League, two points behind Arsenal; Chelsea sit ninth.Possession: City dominated last season’s final with 78% possession.Implications for Domestic Treble and Club TrajectoriesA victory would hand City a historic domestic treble – Premier League, League Cup, and FA Cup – cementing their dominance under Guardiola. Financially, the win adds prize money and boosts global brand value ahead of the 2026 World Cup.For Chelsea, lifting the trophy could mitigate the impact of a chaotic season, restore confidence in the interim coaching set‑up, and provide a platform for the club’s new ownership to attract top talent.What to Expect After the WhistleKey battles will likely decide the outcome:Haaland vs Chelsea defence: City will rely on Haaland’s physicality despite his semifinal record.Midfield duel: City’s Gonzalez and Bernardo against Chelsea’s James and Caicedo will control tempo.Set‑piece threat: Chelsea’s Sanchez and City’s Traoré (if fielded) could be decisive.Given City’s recent form and depth, they enter as slight favourites, but Chelsea’s home‑grown resilience and the unpredictable nature of cup finals keep the result wide open.

The Lead: England's Post-Ashes CrossroadsIn selecting Emilio Gay and James Rew for their Test squad to face New Zealand, England have in one sense been true to their word. The Ashes mea culpa included a promise to give more weight to domestic performances. Both men tick that box. And yet as the team picks up the pieces after the 4-1 defeat in Australia, wounds licked and lessons learned, perhaps the question is whether they are staying true to themselves more broadly – or even, who actually are they these days?The Event Details: McCullum's Coaching Philosophy in FluxAsked about his future as head coach at the end of the Ashes tour, and whether he could change his approach, Brendon McCullum gave a notably qualified answer. "I have a firm conviction in a lot of my methods," McCullum replied. "I'm not against evolution and progress. However, you need to stand for something. Without being ultimately able to steer the ship, maybe there is someone better."Among those methods was having a pared-back support staff. McCullum previously felt there were too many voices in the dressing room and duly whipped out the gardening shears. By the time Australia came around it left just two assistants in Marcus Trescothick and Jeetan Patel and a short-term bowling coach in David Saker.But when McCullum arrives back in the country next week ahead of a three-day camp in the Midlands – training and team-bonding before the first Test at Lord's starts on 4 June – he will walk into a set-up that has swelled by way of numbers.The Staff Expansion: From Minimalist to Maximum SupportAs well as the two assistants, Sarah Taylor will now lead the fielding drills (and no doubt work on fine-tuning Jamie Smith's wicketkeeping given her own excellence here). Mike Yardy, the England Under-19s head coach, and Will Gidman, who works at Durham, have also been seconded for extra support around the place.Troy Cooley will attend the camp, having rejoined the English game over the winter as "National Pace Bowling Lead", while Tim Southee returns as the team's bowling coach; albeit, like Jofra Archer, only once his work at the Indian Premier League is done. From not wanting too many voices, McCullum now has an entire chorus line.There is talk that extra coaching input is at the behest of the captain, Ben Stokes. And if so, it strikes to the heart of some of the tension in Australia. McCullum didn't want players to burn themselves out by over-training, even shoo-ing players out of the nets at times. Stokes, relentless by default, was the one pushing for more.The Performance Evolution: Nutrition and Selection ChangesOn top of all the extra bodies, England are recruiting a "Performance Chef Consultant" for the team, whose role will be to "plan and execute menus that support training adaptation, match performance and recovery". This is in keeping with most elite sporting environments these days. But it also feels very un-McCullum when you consider one of his first moves four years ago was to dispense with the team's nutritionist. Bacon sandwiches were back on the menu in 2022, with players trusted to make the right decisions.Another change this summer is the arrival of Marcus North as selector. It looks a sound acquisition, with Durham's outgoing director of cricket well connected and widely respected in the game. At Chester-le-Street, North is viewed as someone who prefers to give it to players straight but also deals with the human being.North, like Luke Wright before him, is not the chair of selectors however. As the press release confirming his appointment put it, he will "work collaboratively on selection matters" and "contribute to decisions" regarding contracts. So another voice at Rob Key's table – an important one – but not calling the shots per se.The Impact Analysis: Shifting Team IdentityIn the runs this year for Durham, known to the set-up via the Lions, and having made four centuries in Division One last year, Gay is a sound selection as the team's new opener. How he or any new player adjusts to the step up in standard and scrutiny thereafter is always the great unknown.But it is not a huge leap to suggest that before the great slapdown Down Under, England may well have opted for 6ft 7in Ben McKinney, who at 21 is five years younger than his Durham teammate and is considered a terrific prospect. Who knows, they might even have backed Zak Crawley to continue.As a selector himself, albeit on the other side of the world during the first six rounds of the County Championship, McCullum will have had an input. Likewise regarding the expansion of his backroom staff. The question now is how he fits back into an environment where relaxation is meant to make way for more rigour.The Prediction: McCullum's Path ForwardThere is also the subject of results. Four years ago McCullum was hired after an Ashes defeat so harrowing that expectations were low – a period that allowed him to breathe fresh life by taking minds away from outcomes. Players were told to be free, to attack, and not to worry about the consequences. It worked well initially.But this summer, the leadership having survived a rash of missteps in Australia, getting wins on the board against New Zealand and Pakistan feels non-negotiable if this supposed reboot is to have legs. Much may hinge on whether McCullum can adapt, or whether these changes ultimately compromise what he stands for.

The Lead: A Weekend of Sporting DramaSports fans are in for a treat as this weekend features some of the most anticipated events in the sporting calendar. The FA Cup final between Manchester City and Chelsea takes center stage at Wembley, while the US PGA tournament and crucial football matches across various leagues add to the excitement.The Event Details: FA Cup Final ShowdownThe FA Cup final between Manchester City and Chelsea promises to be a captivating encounter. For Manchester City, victory would keep alive their hopes of a domestic treble, having already won the League Cup and still hunting Arsenal in the title race. For Chelsea, it represents an opportunity to end a difficult season on a high note, winning their first domestic trophy in eight years and breaking a Wembley final losing streak that includes three consecutive defeats between 2020 and 2022.The Event Details: Scottish Premiership Title RaceNorth of the border, Celtic and Hearts face off in what could be one of the most significant matches in Scottish football history. Hearts have led the Scottish Premiership for most of the season but Celtic are just one point behind and know victory would deliver a 14th title in 15 seasons. The match has added extra spice as it's essentially a one-game shootout for the title, with Hearts needing to avoid defeat to end a 66-year wait to win the championship.The Event Details: USPGA TournamentIn golf, the USPGA tournament at Aronimink is reaching a critical stage with Scottie Scheffler, the world No. 1, and former champion Martin Kaymer setting the pace. Jordan Spieth is seeking a career grand slam while Masters champion Rory McIlroy has struggled, making for an intriguing third round of competition.The Impact Analysis: Premier League ImplicationsWhile the FA Cup final captures the headlines, the Premier League season is reaching its climax with six matches on Sunday that could have significant implications for the final standings. Manchester United's match against Nottingham Forest could see Michael Carrick appointed as permanent head coach if they secure third place. Meanwhile, Arsenal's upcoming match against Burnley on Monday has huge implications for the title race, with the Gunners looking to close the gap on Manchester City.The Impact Analysis: Women's Football FocusThe Women's Super League concludes its season with all 12 clubs playing for pride on the final day. Key fixtures include Brighton facing Tottenham before their first Women's FA Cup final, Chelsea meeting Manchester United in a match that could see them finish above Arsenal, and Liverpool versus Arsenal with their final positions in the table up for grabs. Chelsea will also be bidding farewell to Sam Kerr, who recently became the club's all-time top scorer in the WSL before leaving when her contract expires this summer.The Prediction: What to Watch ForLooking ahead, the FA Cup final is likely to be a tight affair given Manchester City's recent cup final upsets and Chelsea's need for redemption. In the Scottish Premiership, Hearts will be desperate to secure their first title since 1960, while Celtic will be aiming to maintain their dominance. In golf, expect Scheffler to maintain his form as he pursues another major victory. The Premier League matches will provide valuable preparation for next season's campaigns, with several teams using these final games to build momentum.

The Father-Son Defense: Shedeur’s Rookie StrugglesDeion Sanders has publicly defended his son, Shedeur, characterizing the quarterback's rookie season with the Cleveland Browns as a grueling ordeal marked by negative media narratives and untruthful reporting.From First-Round Prospect to Fifth-Round RealityDespite entering the 2025 NFL Draft as a first-round prospect, Shedeur Sanders fell all the way to the fifth round (144th overall). Deion attributes this significant drop to what he calls 'ignorant' and false reporting regarding his son's work ethic and demeanor.Claimed Falsehoods: Deion stated that reports claiming Shedeur wore headphones in meetings or was unprepared were lies.Resilience: The father noted that despite the scrutiny, Shedeur matured spiritually and continued to push forward.Performance vs. Expectations: The Numbers Tell a StoryDespite the draft fall and the off-field noise, Shedeur Sanders delivered solid on-field production during his rookie campaign.Game Starts: Started seven games for the Browns.Passing Stats: Completed 56.6% of passes for 1,400 yards with 7 touchdowns and 10 interceptions.Rushing Stats: Added 169 rushing yards and 1 touchdown.Awards: Earned a Pro Bowl invitation.Shedeur’s Future in Cleveland Under Todd MonkenWith the Browns entering the offseason, Deion Sanders expressed a strong desire to meet with new head coach Todd Monken to discuss his son's development.Deion emphasized that he wants to speak as a coach, not just a father, to help Monken understand what gets Shedeur going. The Browns currently have a crowded quarterback room featuring Shedeur, Dillon Gabriel, Deshaun Watson, and rookie Taylen Green.

The Dawn of a New Era in British Art The Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A;) in London has welcomed a significant new presence in its main entrance: a lifesize fibreglass sculpture of a burly bouncer by Michael Parekōwhai from Aotearoa New Zealand. This character, Kapa Haka (Whero), serves as a symbolic guardian for the exhibition Rising Voices: Contemporary Art from Asia, Australia and the Pacific. The show, produced in partnership with the Queensland Art Gallery | Gallery of Modern Art (QAGOMA) in Brisbane, features over 70 works that have never before been exhibited in the UK, by artists from 25 countries. The Exhibition's Significance This exhibition marks a milestone in the recognition of Asia-Pacific art in Britain. The Asia Pacific Triennial of Contemporary Art (APT), established in 1993, has been a launchpad for some of the biggest names in art, including Cai Guo-Qiang and Lee Bul. Despite its influence in Asia and Australia, QAGOMA has only toured a selection of works from one triennial once before, to Santiago, Chile, in 2019. This is the first-ever triennial survey to be held anywhere in the world. The Curatorial Challenge The exhibition's curator, Daniel Slater, faced significant challenges in bringing this collection to the UK. For over two years, conservation specialists at QAGOMA navigated the practical challenge of safely transporting the works across the globe. The exhibition features a diverse range of works, including Montien Boonma's monumental installation Lotus Sound, Takahiro Iwasaki's intricate wooden model of the Phoenix Pavilion in Kyoto, and delicate works made from feathers, shells, and shark's teeth. The Exhibition's Structure The exhibition is structured into four parts, beginning with a 'subtle introduction' featuring paintings, textiles, a video, and more to illustrate the diversity of works. Visitors then move through thematic sections dedicated to politics, materiality, and spirituality. Two of the works in the introductory space are by Judy Watson, an Aboriginal artist from Waanyi country in north-eastern Australia, who was featured in the very first APT. The Future of Asia-Pacific Art This exhibition represents a significant step forward in the recognition and appreciation of Asia-Pacific art in Britain. As Slater notes, 'The responsibility has been on us to bring these incredible works here.' The success of this exhibition may pave the way for future collaborations and exhibitions showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the Asia-Pacific region.

The Visual Diplomacy of Tiananmen SquareDuring the welcome ceremony in Tiananmen Square, the optics of the meeting were meticulously curated to convey a sense of unity and shared status. Donald Trump and Xi Jinping mirrored one another in strikingly similar attire: both wore blue, single-breasted suits with flap pockets, two buttons with only the top one fastened, and red ties. This visual symmetry was not accidental; it was surrounded by a delegation of other officials, creating a tableau of synchronized power.The delegation included Stephen Miller and Pete Hegseth, who wore pocket squares and flamboyant ties, while Elon Musk opted for a green tie. This diversity in the supporting cast made the symmetry between the two leaders more visually striking, reinforcing the message of a cohesive front.The Psychology of the 'Chameleon Effect'The strategic choice of matching suits is rooted in the psychological concept of the 'chameleon effect,' where subtle mimicry increases rapport and cooperation. Enda Young, founder and CEO of the Centre for Negotiation and Leadership, explains that people tend to warm more quickly to those who seem similar to them, whether through behavior, language, or appearance. In high-stakes negotiations, this non-verbal signaling can signal alignment and mutual respect before a single word is spoken.This strategy aligns with Robert Cialdini's principle of 'liking,' which posits that similarity tends to increase trust and openness to influence. By dressing alike, the leaders were attempting to bypass initial defenses and establish a subconscious bond that could facilitate smoother trade deals and geopolitical gains.Historical Precedents of Political TwinningThis is not the first time political leaders have utilized matching outfits to signal a thaw in relations. The article highlights several historical examples of this diplomatic tactic:Lula and Macron (2024): The Brazilian and French leaders wore matching white shirts during their Amazon rainforest meeting, which was widely interpreted as a sign of a developing 'bromance' and shared ecological goals.Zelenskyy and Trump (2025): The Ukrainian president was initially admonished for wearing a military sweatshirt rather than a suit during a disastrous Oval Office meeting. His subsequent return in a military-style 'suit' was viewed as a diplomatic concession to align with the host's expectations.Liz Truss (2022): The former UK Prime Minister faced criticism for wearing a dress that appeared identical to a fictional dictator, illustrating how poor synchronization can undermine authority.Strategic Implications for Future SummitsThe use of matching attire in the Beijing summit suggests a shift towards more performative diplomacy. As leaders seek to secure complex trade agreements and navigate geopolitical tensions, the visual language of power is becoming as critical as the policy language. Future summits will likely continue to utilize this 'twinning' strategy to signal cooperation, with the success of the meeting potentially hinging on how effectively these non-verbal cues translate into tangible policy outcomes.

The Road to Glory Hearts are on the cusp of history as they seek to win their first Scottish title in 64 years. The team's journey has been long and arduous, but they have finally reached the point where they need just one more point to secure the championship. The Celtic Obstacle However, Hearts' path to glory is being threatened by Celtic, who are seeking to retain their title under the management of Martin O'Neill. O'Neill's appointment as Celtic manager has been a masterstroke, and his team has been in excellent form. A History of Heartbreak Hearts have a history of heartbreak, particularly in the 1986 season when they lost the title to Dundee. The memory of that defeat still lingers, and Hearts fans will be eager to avoid a repeat of that disappointment. The Impact of O'Neill's Appointment O'Neill's appointment as Celtic manager has had a significant impact on the team. His straightforward approach has been welcome, and his experience has been invaluable. Celtic's players have responded well to his leadership, and the team has been in excellent form. The Prediction The final day of the season promises to be thrilling, with Hearts seeking to win their first title in 64 years and Celtic seeking to retain their championship. While Hearts are the underdogs, they have a strong team and a determined manager in Derek McInnes. The question is, can they overcome the odds and secure the title?

The Lead: A Beethoven Performance Like No OtherOn the face of it, Beethoven's Violin Concerto, the opening work of this BBC National Orchestra of Wales concert, might have seemed unexceptional. Soloist Veronika Eberle immediately proved it otherwise. Sweet, pure tone, clarity of line and an almost reverential approach with not a trace of bombast distinguished her playing from the outset. The rapport with conductor Alexandre Bloch was implicit and, in the deeply reflective central Larghetto, the music was imbued with an air of serenity.The Innovation: Widmann's Revolutionary CadenzasYet what made for a wholly different experience here was Eberle's use of new cadenzas in all three movements, boldly commissioned from her fellow German, Jörg Widmann. Widmann realised a balance between the expected virtuosity and a highly imaginative, improvisatory feel, references to key Beethoven motifs tightly embedded. Moreover, bringing first the timpanist then the principal double bass to collaborate with the soloist threw further elements into the dynamic mix, with Tom Aldren – leading the orchestra in this work – also duetting with Eberle. This verging on the subversive – interventions that extended an already long concerto – could have have been bothersome but, overall, the sheer bravado and vibrancy spelled riveting listening.The Artistry: Benjamin's Homage to KnussenThe BBCNOW players got to display considerable virtuosity and to have their own moments in the limelight in George Benjamin's Concerto for Orchestra. A heartfelt tribute to the genius of Benjamin's close friend and collaborator, the late Oliver Knussen, this 18-minute piece was originally written for the crack ensemble that is the Mahler Chamber Orchestra. But there was no compromise on technical brilliance here. The ear was beguiled by the finesse and intricacies of the textures, particularly in woodwind and brass, with the unusual prominence of solo lines for tuba, two timpanists and, finally, the first violins offering teasing, playful elements in the spirit of the inimitable Knussen.The Climax: Strauss's Death and TransfigurationRichard Strauss's tone poem Tod und Verklärung (Death and Transfiguration) brought the evening to a thrilling climax. Bloch, whose energetic conducting style embraces expressive detail and warmly expansive gestures, inspired a performance that was both sensuous and sumptuous, underlining the remarkable vision of the 25-year-old Strauss. It crowned a fine night for timpanist Steven Barnard, the players all clearly in their element.Broadcast on BBC Radio 3 on 29 June.