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The Plant That Changed MedicineGoat's rue or French lilac, Galega officinalis, is a wild plant often grown in gardens for its clusters of attractive lilac or white flowers. For centuries, the plant was used to treat diabetes. Its key ingredient was later identified as galegine, which lowers blood glucose levels but has toxic side-effects.From Natural Remedy to Synthetic SolutionEventually, galegine led to the development of the synthetic drug metformin, now the classic treatment for diabetes by controlling blood sugar. Metformin has none of the toxic side effects of galegine and is now one of the most prescribed drugs in the world. For many years, however, metformin was vilified and banned in many countries because of its association with galegine.The Emergence of a Medical MultitaskerMetformin is now becoming something of a super drug for its anti-cancer effects, cardiovascular protection, delaying the onset of diabetes, and helping some people lose weight. It may even lower the risks for cognitive decline, dementia, strokes, slow aging and increase life expectancy.Understanding the MechanismExactly how metformin achieves all these remarkable wonders is not entirely understood, but it is not bad for a drug that originally came from an attractive wild plant. The scientific community continues to research the multiple pathways through which this simple compound derived from a garden plant can have such profound effects on human health.

The Historic ComebackIn one of the most dramatic moments in NBA playoff history, Jalen Brunson led the New York Knicks to an improbable 115-104 overtime victory over the Cleveland Cavaliers in Game 1 of the Eastern Conference finals. After trailing by as many as 22 points in the fourth quarter, Brunson's relentless attack sparked an 18-1 run that completely shifted the momentum of the game.The Knicks were down 93-71 with just 7:52 remaining in regulation, seemingly on their way to a discouraging loss after their historic run through the first two rounds. However, Brunson's determination to attack James Harden and the team's improved defensive intensity led to one of the greatest fourth-quarter comebacks in NBA playoff history.The Comeback MechanicsBrunson's performance was nothing short of spectacular, as he finished with 38 points while orchestrating the remarkable turnaround. The key moment came when he tied the game at 101-101 on a basket with just 19 seconds remaining in regulation, setting the stage for an exciting overtime period.In overtime, the Knicks continued their momentum with a 9-0 run, sending the Madison Square Garden crowd into a frenzy. Mikal Bridges contributed 18 points, while OG Anunoby added 13 points in his return after missing two games due to injury. The Knicks' collective effort on both ends of the court proved too much for the Cavaliers to overcome.Statistical SignificanceThis victory adds to the Knicks' incredible postseason run, having outscored Atlanta and Philadelphia by a combined 194 points through their first 10 playoff games—the largest margin ever through a team's first 10 postseason games. The team's shooting struggles, particularly from three-point range (4 for 23 through three quarters), made their comeback even more remarkable.The 22-point comeback is the second-largest in the fourth quarter of a playoff game in the last 30 years, trailing only the Clippers' 24-point rally against Memphis in 2012. For the Knicks, it continues their trend of overcoming significant deficits, as they had come from 20 points behind three times during last year's postseason.Series ImplicationsThis victory positions the Knicks favorably in the Eastern Conference finals, putting them just three wins away from their first NBA finals appearance since 1999. The win also provides valuable confidence for a team that had not played since May 10, when they finished their second-round sweep of the 76ers.For the Cavaliers, the loss represents a missed opportunity to take an early road advantage in the series. Donovan Mitchell's 29 points weren't enough to overcome the team's fourth-quarter collapse, which coach Kenny Atkinson acknowledged after the game. The Cavs will need to regroup quickly for Game 2, which takes place Thursday in New York.What's NextThe Knicks will look to build on their momentum in Game 2 on Thursday, aiming to take a commanding 2-0 series lead. Their ability to maintain their defensive intensity and offensive execution will be crucial against a Cavaliers team that will undoubtedly make adjustments.Meanwhile, the Cavaliers face significant questions about their ability to close out games, particularly after their late-game collapse. Coach Kenny Atkinson and the coaching staff will need to address their team's fourth-quarter performance to avoid falling into an insurmountable hole in the series.

The Fall of a Trump Critic US President Donald Trump has tightened his grip on the Republican Party as Kentucky voters ousted one of the few conservative lawmakers willing to openly challenge his authority. Congressman Thomas Massie's defeat, which was predicted by US news networks, including NBC and CNN, about two hours after polls closed on Tuesday, marks another victory in Trump's campaign to punish dissent within Republican ranks. The Primary Results With an estimated 72 percent of the vote counted, former Navy SEAL Ed Gallrein led with 54.4 percent of the vote to Massie's 45.6 percent. The Associated Press news agency called the race for Gallrein, whose campaign was backed by Trump's endorsement as well as millions of dollars from pro-Trump and pro-Israel political lobby groups. A Test of Trump's Influence The Kentucky vote was closely watched as a test of whether Trump's hold on Republican voters remained firm despite concerns over his war on Iran, growing inflation and declining personal approval ratings, and whether there was still space in the party for lawmakers willing to break with him. Massie had angered Trump by opposing US military action in Iran and Venezuela, criticising aid to Israel, resisting parts of the president's agenda, and backing efforts to release files related to the late sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. The Road to Defeat The president spent months attacking Massie, a libertarian-leaning seven-term congressman, calling him a "moron", a "nut job" and a "major sleazebag". "Dealing with him is just horrible. I don't think he's a Republican… He's not a libertarian," Trump told reporters after polls opened on Tuesday. "Sometimes they say he's really a Dumb-ocrat. He votes against us all the time," Trump said, using a nickname he frequently deploys against Democrats.

The Tragic Recovery OperationThe bodies of two Italian divers have been successfully recovered from a submerged cave in the Maldives, ending a days-long search operation. The divers, who were part of a tourist group, went missing during an underwater exploration in the archipelago's northern atolls.Circumstances of the Diving AccidentThe incident occurred when the divers entered a complex underwater cave system that is known for its challenging conditions. Local authorities reported that the cave's narrow passages and strong currents may have disoriented the divers, leading to their tragic demise. Rescue teams, including specialized underwater units, worked tirelessly to locate and recover the bodies.Tourism Safety ImplicationsThe Maldives, a premier destination for diving enthusiasts worldwide, faces renewed scrutiny over safety protocols for adventure tourism. While the country generally maintains high safety standards for tourist activities, this tragic incident may prompt a review of guidelines for high-risk activities like cave diving.International Response and InvestigationItalian authorities have been notified of the incident, and an investigation is underway to determine the exact cause of the accident. The Maldivian tourism ministry has expressed condolences to the victims' families and emphasized their commitment to ensuring tourist safety.Future for Cave Diving TourismIn the aftermath of this tragedy, experts predict that there may be increased regulatory measures for cave diving operations in the Maldives and similar destinations. Tour operators may also implement more stringent pre-dive assessments and safety briefings to prevent similar incidents in the future.

The LeadUS Senator JD Vance has delivered a stark warning regarding America's stance on Iran, declaring that the United States is 'locked and loaded' for potential military action if diplomatic efforts fail. The statement comes amid heightened tensions in the Middle East and ongoing negotiations between world powers and Iran over its nuclear program.Vance's Hardline Position on IranSenator Vance, a prominent Republican voice on foreign policy, made the comments during a recent interview, emphasizing that military options remain on the table if diplomatic channels with Iran do not yield satisfactory results. The phrase 'locked and loaded' is typically associated with being prepared for immediate combat, suggesting a willingness by the US to consider military force as a viable option.This stance aligns with a more assertive approach to Iran that has been gaining traction among some Republican lawmakers, who have criticized the current administration's diplomatic efforts as insufficient to address Iran's nuclear ambitions and regional activities.Current Military Posture in the RegionThe United States maintains a significant military presence in the Middle East, with naval assets positioned in the Persian Gulf and thousands of troops stationed throughout the region. Recent reports indicate that the US has been reinforcing its military capabilities in areas neighboring Iran, including increased naval deployments and enhanced air defense systems.Additionally, the US has maintained economic sanctions on Iran, targeting its oil exports and financial sectors, as part of ongoing pressure to limit its nuclear program and influence in the region.Implications for US-Iran RelationsVance's statement likely complicates already fragile diplomatic relations between the US and Iran. The Islamic Republic has consistently maintained that its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes and has responded to Western pressure with increased uranium enrichment activities.The hardline rhetoric from US officials may further reduce the likelihood of successful negotiations, potentially pushing Iran toward more confrontational positions. This could destabilize the Middle East further, affecting global energy markets and security arrangements in the region.International partners involved in the Iran nuclear deal, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), have expressed concerns about the deteriorating diplomatic environment and the potential for military escalation.Future Outlook on Diplomatic TensionsThe coming months will be critical in determining whether diplomatic channels can be reestablished between the US and Iran. With both sides entrenched in their positions, the risk of miscalculation or accidental escalation remains significant.Should diplomatic efforts continue to falter, the US may face increasing pressure to act militarily, potentially leading to a wider conflict in the Middle East. Conversely, a shift in either administration's approach could open new avenues for negotiation, though the path forward remains uncertain amid deep-seated mutual distrust.

The UK's Climate Reality CheckBritish homes will need air conditioning to survive predicted levels of global heating, the government's climate advisers have warned in a report, as traditional measures such as drawing curtains, opening windows and growing trees for shade are not likely to be enough. The Climate Change Committee (CCC) has published a major report on adapting to the impacts of global heating, revealing that the UK was "built for a climate that no longer exists" and requires urgent changes to survive the coming decades of rising temperatures.Cooling Imperative for Vulnerable BuildingsThe CCC recommends that air conditioning should be installed in all care homes and hospitals within the next 10 years, and in all schools within 25 years. The government should also set a maximum temperature for working conditions, both indoors and outdoors. Heatwaves are expected to exceed 40C in all parts of the UK by 2050, with periods of hot weather becoming longer and more intense. This could lead to an additional 10,000 heat-related deaths a year, as about nine in ten UK homes are likely to overheat.Financial Costs of Climate InactionThe climate crisis is already costing the UK about £60bn a year, or approximately 2% of GDP, including flood damages and agricultural losses. Protecting people and infrastructure would cost about £11bn annually, with roughly half coming from the private sector. However, every £1 spent would yield approximately £5 in benefits, making adaptation a sound economic investment. The UK currently invests 50 times this amount each year, some of it on infrastructure that exacerbates the climate crisis or increases vulnerability to it.Infrastructure Transformation RequiredThe UK faces multiple climate challenges beyond heat. The 7 million properties at risk of flooding could increase by 40% by 2050, with river peak flows potentially 45% higher. Sea levels will rise by 20cm to 45cm, putting some coastal areas at risk, while heavy rainfall intensity could increase by 60%. Droughts will also become more frequent, with river flows likely about a third lower in summer than they were 20 years ago. By 2050, the shortfall in water supply could reach 5bn litres daily—equivalent to about 2,000 Olympic swimming pools.Preparing for a Hotter FutureBy 2100, summers as dry as 2018 and 1976 would become the norm. Even by 2050, the number of high-risk days for wildfires is likely to double, with the wildfire season extending into early autumn. Schools should consider the impact of heat on pupils taking exams, not only related to classroom temperature but also to students' ability to sleep when nighttime temperatures remain above 20°C. Domestic food production is under threat, with the government urged to ensure at least 60% of the UK's food continues to be produced domestically despite rising temperatures and changing weather patterns.

The Lead: Brazil's Strategic BalanceCarlo Ancelotti has unveiled Brazil's 26-man squad for the 2026 World Cup, a selection that emphasizes collective strength over individual brilliance. The squad features nine attackers and nine defenders, reflecting a pragmatic approach that mirrors the strategy that brought Brazil World Cup glory in 1994. Ancelotti, who witnessed Brazil's triumph as part of Italy's staff in 1994, has explicitly stated his focus on the collective rather than the individual as he prepares his team for the tournament.The Tactical Composition: Attack Over DefenseThe current squad showcases Brazil's wealth of attacking talent, with nine players listed as attackers. This abundance of offensive options includes Neymar, selected for his fourth World Cup despite limited playing time, and Endrick, the 19-year-old whose loan spell at Lyon earned him a place despite struggles at Real Madrid. The defensive contingent, while smaller, features quality players like Marquinhos and Gabriel, who starred for Arsenal and PSG in this season's Champions League final. Ancelotti's selection reflects a calculated approach to maximize Brazil's attacking potential while ensuring defensive stability.The Historical Parallel: Learning from 1994Ancelotti has drawn clear parallels between his current squad and Brazil's 1994 World Cup-winning team. Just as Carlos Alberto Parreira built a pragmatic 4-4-2 structure around Romario's attacking genius, Ancelotti appears ready to construct a team that can compensate for any lack of showmen with tactical discipline. The 1994 victory demonstrated that Brazil could win without a figurehead like Pelé, Ronaldo, or Ronaldinho, potentially at the expense of Romario's individual legacy. This historical context suggests Ancelotti may prioritize defensive organization and collective responsibility over free-flowing attacking football.The Qualifying Campaign: A Rocky RoadBrazil's journey to the 2026 World Cup was far from smooth, as they finished fifth among South America's six automatic qualifiers, losing six matches—a significant increase from their combined five losses in the previous five qualifying campaigns. However, this pattern mirrors their qualifying path to the 2002 World Cup, which they went on to win. In both cycles, Argentina and Ecuador finished first and second, with Brazil narrowly edging ahead of Paraguay on goal difference. This historical symmetry provides some comfort as Ancelotti prepares his squad for the tournament.The Final Outlook: Competing with the BestAncelotti has expressed confidence in his team's ability to compete with the world's best, stating: "I have the knowledge and the confidence that this team can compete with the best in the world. Can we win the World Cup and reach the final? Yes, we can make it to the final. But I don't know if that is enough – the best thing is to get there and win the final." The combination of attacking firepower, defensive solidity, and historical precedent suggests Brazil will be a formidable contender in the 2026 World Cup, with Ancelotti's pragmatic approach potentially unlocking another championship for the five-time winners.

On May 19, 2026, Russian President Vladimir Putin began a two‑day state visit to China, meeting President Xi Jinping amid a deepening partnership driven by Western sanctions, the Ukraine war, and growing concerns over energy security.Putin’s Beijing Visit Signals a New Phase in Russia‑China CooperationThe visit marks the second face‑to‑face meeting between the two leaders in less than a year and coincides with the 25th anniversary of the 2001 Treaty of Good‑Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation. Both leaders framed the talks as a reaffirmation of “friendship” and a commitment to expand cooperation across politics, economics, defence and culture.Trade Numbers Reveal a Rapidly Expanding Economic BondBilaterial commerce has surged dramatically since the start of the Ukraine conflict:Two‑way trade more than doubled between 2020 and 2024.In 2024 the total reached $237 bn, the highest level recorded.China is now Russia’s largest trading partner, while Russia accounts for only about 4 % of China’s total international trade.Despite the imbalance, the volume of Russian oil and gas flowing to China has become a critical lifeline for Moscow as European markets close to Russian energy.Strategic Imperatives: Energy, Technology, and Geopolitical AlignmentRussia’s wartime economy increasingly depends on Chinese technology; a Bloomberg report found that over 90 % of sanctioned tech imports now originate from China, including components vital for drones and other defence systems.For Beijing, Russian energy offers a hedge against disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz and other maritime chokepoints. The long‑delayed Power of Siberia 2 pipeline, projected to deliver 50 bcm of gas annually, is a focal point of the current talks.Both capitals also benefit from diplomatic coordination as permanent UN Security Council members, regularly aligning against U.S.–led initiatives.Implications for Global Power DynamicsThe back‑to‑back hosting of Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin in Beijing highlights China’s ambition to position itself as a stabilising actor in a fragmented world order. Analysts warn that Beijing’s leverage—derived from its economic size and access to Russian energy—allows it to negotiate favourable terms while deepening Moscow’s dependence.Joint military exercises, such as the “Joint Sea” drills, reinforce a strategic partnership without formal alliance commitments, signaling to the West a durable, flexible alignment.Looking Ahead: Pipeline Projects and the Future Balance of PowerIf the Power of Siberia 2 pipeline is completed, energy interdependence will intensify, potentially reshaping regional energy markets and giving China greater influence over Moscow’s economic trajectory.Experts predict that the partnership will continue to evolve around pragmatic interests—energy security for China and economic survival for Russia—rather than ideological affinity, making it a resilient pillar of the emerging multipolar order.

De Zerbi Frames Final-Day Match as Fight for Club DignityRoberto De Zerbi told his players that the upcoming game against Everton matters more than last season’s Europa League final because the club’s entire dignity is at stake. He emphasized that staying in the Premier League is the ultimate prize for Tottenham.Spurs' Survival Scenario and Upcoming FixturesSpurs lost 2-1 at Chelsea on Tuesday and now need a home draw on Sunday, 19 May 2026 to guarantee survival. Meanwhile, West Ham United sit two points behind with an inferior goal difference and face Leeds at home.Tottenham: 37 points, goal difference ‑ 3West Ham: 35 points, goal difference ‑ 5Everton: 35 points, goal difference ‑ 4Points, Goal Difference and the Numbers Shaping the BattleThe relegation fight hinges on three key metrics:Points: A draw gives Tottenham a safe 38 points.Goal difference: Tottenham must maintain at least a two‑goal advantage over West Ham.Head‑to‑head: Everton’s result against Leeds could also shift the balance.Richarlison’s late goal in the Chelsea loss highlighted Tottenham’s ability to rally in the final minutes, a factor De Zerbi hopes to replicate.What Staying Up Means for Tottenham and the Premier LeagueSurvival preserves the club’s financial health, sponsorship deals, and the ability to retain key players. It also keeps a London‑based giant in the top flight, maintaining the league’s marketability and broadcasting appeal.Outlook: What Comes After the Final Day?If Tottenham secure the draw, they will focus on rebuilding under De Zerbi, targeting a top‑half finish next season. A relegation would trigger a managerial review and likely a squad overhaul, while West Ham’s fate would hinge on their own result against Leeds.