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Breathing Earth's Ancient PastMore than 2bn years ago, during the Paleoproterozoic era, the Earth's atmosphere began to fill with free oxygen, enabling the rise of aerobic life and, ultimately, humans. This Great Oxidation Event is now being experienced firsthand by visitors to the Museum of Old and New Art (Mona) in Tasmania, where French-Swiss conceptual artist Julian Charrière has created an extraordinary installation that allows people to inhale oxygen that has been trapped in iron ore since that ancient time.When Charrière came up with the concept for what would become 'Breathe,' Mona's owner David Walsh not only approved the project but created a bespoke space for it, recognizing the unique intersection of science, art, and human experience that the installation represents.The Science Behind the Ancient OxygenThe installation is a marvel of scientific ingenuity and artistic vision. Charrière has sourced ancient iron ore from Australia's Pilbara region, which is processed daily in an on-site laboratory. The water is extracted from the ore using specialized machinery, then put through a Hofmann apparatus—a piece of scientific equipment that electrolyzes water—to liberate the trapped oxygen molecules.This pure, ancient oxygen is then released into a specially designed room where visitors can breathe it in, creating a direct connection to the beginning of life on Earth. As Charrière explains: 'I want people to get all the way back to the beginning of the earth. It's like a time machine.' The installation is designed as a solitary experience, with visitors accessing a vault-like corridor reminiscent of a mining drift, flanked by raw sandstone and lined with deep red rocks from the Pilbara.The Immense Timescale of the InstallationThe timescale involved in 'Breathe' is almost incomprehensible. The oxygen visitors inhale has been trapped in iron ore for over 2.4 billion years—since the Great Oxidation Event that transformed Earth's atmosphere and enabled the development of complex life forms. This installation literally connects each visitor to the primordial beginnings of our planet's atmosphere.As visitors walk through the tunnel, the temperature drops as they approach a high-ceilinged cylindrical room, an underground windowless tower where lighting depends on the amount of sun that can be reflected through a small opening above. Walking over tiles made of polished ancient tiger ore, they circle a floor-to-ceiling clear glass tube that houses the Hofmann apparatus. It is here, at a small opening, that visitors have their closest access to Charrière's pure, ancient oxygen.Redefining the Art-Science Experience'Breathe' represents a groundbreaking fusion of scientific methodology and artistic expression, challenging traditional boundaries between disciplines. The installation creates a profound personal experience that connects visitors not just to art, but to the very essence of life on Earth.What makes this installation particularly powerful is its claim that each visitor is the first human being to ever inhale that specific oxygen. As Charrière explains: 'You are breathing something which is so pure and has not been touched by any being before you... And the beauty of the piece is you will carry it until you die. You're going to become a small part of this installation and you become a big part of the great oxygen cycle, and you will only finally free this oxygen once... once you're going in the other world.'This installation is part of a broader trend in contemporary art that incorporates scientific processes and concepts, creating works that are both intellectually stimulating and viscerally impactful.The Future of Scientific Art Installations'Breathe' is opening alongside Charrière's major new exhibition 'Hard Core,' which showcases both the ambition and scientific curiosity of the Berlin-based artist. Individual elements of 'Hard Core' have been exhibited elsewhere in the world, including at the Venice Biennale, but the full exhibition finds its perfect home at Mona, with its exposed rock, industrial aesthetic, and fusion of science with art.As museums and galleries continue to seek innovative ways to engage audiences, installations like 'Breathe' point to a future where art and science are not just displayed together but are fundamentally intertwined in the creative process. This approach has the potential to create more immersive, educational, and thought-provoking experiences that challenge visitors to see the world—and their place in it—in new ways.Charrière's work demonstrates how art can make abstract scientific concepts tangible and personal, creating connections across vast stretches of time and space. As our understanding of the universe expands, art installations like 'Breathe' will play an increasingly important role in helping us process and relate to these profound concepts.

The Atmospheric Soundscapes of Gintė Preisaitė Copenhagen's Rhythmic Music Conservatory has become associated with a specific gauzy, esoteric sound, which draws on, and reshapes, classical instrumentation and pop songwriting. Following in the footsteps of ML Buch, Astrid Sonne, and Erika de Casier, Lithuanian musician Gintė Preisaitė works with piano, voice, and electronics to create atmospheric, unsettling ambient compositions. The Evolution of Preisaitė's Sound Preisaitė's first solo release under her own name, 'Instruments of Forgetting and the Singing Bone', draws on her background in improvisational techniques and composing for large ensembles. With additional instrumentation from a cluster of collaborators – strings, woodwind, tape – she presents eight tracks that build in intensity through her collage-like assembling of strange sounds and effects. The Experimental Approach The album starts subtly with opening track 'Vigilance', where sustained drones are gradually peppered with birdsong and electronic glitches. Preisaitė's vocals, which appear in the second half, are at first stark and bright, before they are also chopped up and layered in a dreamy haze. On tracks such as 'Summary Saint Mary' and 'I Constantly', disparate instruments creak and clatter around dense blurts of noise. The Intersection of Abstraction and Pop Among the abstraction are shades of left-field pop and modern classical. In standout track 'Deepen', a gorgeous, low-slung refrain emerges from the eerie dissonance, complete with moody vocals and guitars that recall Smerz and Blonde Redhead. Aéroport features a blown-out breakbeat, while penultimate track 'Day' places Preisaitė's piano centre stage for the first time. Other Releases to Watch Other notable releases include 'Bayal', the third collaborative album from Iranian experimental musicians Tegh and Adel Poursamadi, and 'Sinking', a slick and deeply atmospheric journey through UK bass, dubstep, and dub techno by Paris-born DJ and producer Beatrice M.

The Comeback That Never MaterializedJust over a year ago, Lizzo appeared on Saturday Night Live, announcing a new album called Love in Real Life in grandstanding style. Wielding an electric guitar, clad in a Trump-baiting T-shirt that read Tariffied, she performed its title track and two other new songs, Still Bad and Don't Make Me Love U. As with her appearance earlier the same week on a late night talkshow – during which she ran into the audience to high-five fans who were yelling "we love you Lizzo!" – it looked very much like a defiant comeback, fit to drag her out of the controversy that erupted at the end of her hugely successful 2023 world tour. Three former backing dancers and a costume designer filed lawsuits against the singer alleging harassment and discrimination: damaging claims given how Lizzo's songs have preached a message of inclusivity, body positivity and self-confidence. Some of the allegations were dismissed by a judge but others are ongoing; Lizzo has refused to settle out of court, saying: "I'm fighting the case because I know that it's not true."The Album That Never WasBut the Love in Real Life single, a pivot towards rock that owed a little to Tom Petty's American Girls – or the Strokes' American Girls-indebted Last Nite if you prefer – failed to make the charts, a far cry from the period between 2018 and 2022 when Lizzo's singles seemed to go multi-platinum as a matter of course. The same fate befell Still Bad, a track much more in the vein of her big hits, prompting a rethink. The album was pulled, Lizzo apparently taking control of her own destiny – "I need to do shit my way". A mixtape that returned her more-or-less to where she started, before pop stardom came calling – punchy hip-hop, albeit tricked out with guest appearances from Doja Cat and SZA – appeared in its place: My Face Hurts from Smiling received mixed reviews and underwhelming streaming figures.A Career at a CrossroadsAll of which means that Bitch, her fifth album proper, lands at a deeply peculiar juncture in Lizzo's career. Given that the public apparently don't want her going rock, nor rapping in the style of her 2013 debut Lizzobangers, nor indeed making the kind of music they were buying in their millions three years ago, the question of what they actually do want has presumably hung heavy over its making.Musical Identity CrisisLizzo hasn't come up with a definitive answer. Bitch tries a bit of everything, from pastiching Tame Impala on Happy 2 Be to making clipped new-wave rock decorated with Cure-like guitars on She Stole My Man; Sexy Ladies is a girls-night-out-soundtracking reiteration of the old body positivity message. This scatter-gun approach makes Bitch a disjointed listen.The Subdued ToneMoreover, there's something oddly subdued about its tone, whether it's dabbling in 80s retro – Don't Make Me Love U brings to mind the arena-rousing keyboard hook from Tina Turner's The Best, but renders it into a distant, affectless backing vocal – or delving into jazzy R&B; on Too Nice. The vibraphone-heavy beat on the latter is fantastic, rich in small-hours atmosphere, but the actual song feels nondescript: it only really comes to life in its dying moments, when Lizzo stops singing and starts playing a flute solo. The title track interpolates the chorus from Meredith Brooks' 1997 pop-grunge hit of the same name, but somehow flattens it in the process. Crooned over smooth, G-funky R&B;, it feels stripped of its fiery power, less of a snarl and more of a shrug.Equivocal LyricsThe lyrics often seem similarly equivocal. You don't want for apparent references to Lizzo's recent woes – "I hope it makes you happy to hurt somebody else", "the thing about depression, you think your life is over", "you'd still be working at the mall if it wasn't for me" – but they ultimately feel neither pugilistic nor racked, just confused and sore: "I have feelings too," she sings on piano ballad A Toast.Highlights Amidst the StruggleNot everything here is underwhelming: Whose Hair Is This is a great southern soul pastiche, home to an impressively raw vocal and a snappy plot twist at the end of the lyrics; That Grrrl employs an old-school Chicago house bassline to energising effect. But what's definitely lacking is an unequivocal pop smash, the kind of thing that Lizzo once seemed to be able to write to order.A Changing Cultural LandscapePerhaps that's inevitable. One of the reasons Lizzo hit so big in the first place was that she made pop music that perfectly captured a zeitgeist, and that zeitgeist has moved on: the era of body positivity has been displaced by the era of Ozempic and Mounjaro; the kind of post-pandemic, post-Trump optimism embodied on 2022's About Damn Time now sounds like a transmission from a distant lost age. We're living in a different world now, and Bitch suggests Lizzo has yet to work out how to respond to it: "I'm doing my best," she sings on A Toast, which feels like the most telling lyric of all.

The Climate Policy Reversal in Blue States Democratic-led states are eroding their climate policies, as red states are scaling up their clean energy deployment. California on Friday scaled back its cap-and-invest program, offering more than $3bn in free pollution allowances to polluting companies. Earlier the same week, New York weakened its groundbreaking climate law, delaying a plan to regulate carbon from 2024 until 2028 and reducing emissions-slashing targets. Rhode Island's governor, meanwhile, is attempting to roll back aggressive clean-energy programs. The Economic Justification vs. Climate Imperative The moves come as Donald Trump's administration withdraws clean energy incentives and energy savings programs, and as energy prices spike across the country amid trade disruptions stemming from the US-Israeli war on Iran. Proponents have said the changes are necessary to suppress electricity costs, but climate advocates say that view is short-sighted and misguided. "Using affordability as a cudgel to weaken climate policy is a major error that will not solve either crisis, ultimately amplifying both," said Johanna Bozuwa, executive director of the Climate and Community Institute, a left-leaning thinktank. "Extreme weather and fossil-fuel dependency directly inflate costs – for food, energy, transportation, housing, and health – across the economy for working people." American Public Opinion on Climate Change Polls show most Americans are concerned about the climate crisis. An annual poll from Gallup, published in April, shows that 44% of American adults say they worry "a great deal" about global warming – one of the highest levels of concern since 1989, when the poll was first conducted, behind only 2020 and 2017. About 65% of registered voters in the US also think global heating is driving up the cost of living, according to a report published in December by Yale University and George Mason University. Red States Lead Clean Energy Buildout In contrast to many Democratic-led jurisdictions, red states have tended to dominate renewable energy deployment in recent years. In terms of growth of utility-scale renewables, states that voted for Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election made up eight of the top 10 in the year to March, according to Energy Information Administration data. Indiana tops the list of states with the most clean energy capacity growth in that timeframe, followed by Kentucky and Utah. More broadly, though, it is Texas that has emerged as the country's leading clean energy superpower, despite its strong ties to the oil and gas industry and unsuccessful attempts within the Republican-led legislature to curb the growth of wind and solar. Texas leads the country in wind energy production, followed by fellow red states Iowa, Oklahoma and Kansas, and in March overtook California in utility-scale solar, too. The Paradox of Climate Leadership Meanwhile, the states scaling back their emissions-cutting policies have long called themselves climate leaders. When Governor Gavin Newsom of California extended his state's cap-and-invest program last year, he said: "We're doubling down on our best tool to combat Trump's assaults on clean air … by making polluters pay for projects that support our most impacted communities." The changes could end up giving more money to the fossil fuel producers and distributors who have been increasing consumers' energy prices amid the Iran war, said Bahram Fazeli, Policy Director with Communities for a Better Environment, a grassroots organization in California. "There's no reason to think that giving them more free allowances will actually help motivate them to lower gas prices more," he said. Long-Term Economic Implications New York advocates are also skeptical about whether the weakening of the 2019 Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act – which the state touted as among the strongest climate laws the country – will deliver long-term benefits. The state legislature last week reached a deal with Governor Kathy Hochul to remove a 2030 mandate to cut planet-warming pollution by 40% from 1990 levels, instead including language to aim for a 60% by 2040 if it is "feasible and cost effective" to do so. "Even though you might see bill savings initially, that's going to come at the cost of locked-in, higher energy costs in the future, as the grid has to procure more energy that would otherwise have been saved," Anna Johnson, a senior policy manager State at American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, told Baltimore's NPR affiliate WYPR; she estimates that the moves could ultimately increase households' electricity costs by $592m. The True Cost of Inaction The climate crisis itself also costs for working people, said Mar Zepeda Salazar, legislative director of the national environmental justice coalition Climate Justice Alliance. "You can lower costs on paper by weakening protections, but the bill still comes due," she said. "It just shows up in emergency rooms, insurance premiums, utility bills, lost wages, and disaster recovery – that families pay, not industry."

The Lead Public-sector pension schemes in the UK have been a topic of discussion lately, particularly regarding their funding. A recent letter from Prof Stephen Caddick highlighted the £1tn in liabilities for public defined-benefit (DB) pension schemes, sparking debate about the fairness and affordability of these schemes. The Event Details There are five large 'unfunded' public-sector pension schemes in the UK: NHS, teachers, civil servants, police, and army. Employers, and ultimately taxpayers, contribute a significant amount to these schemes. However, without a decent pension scheme, these sectors would likely require higher levels of pay to recruit and retain staff, which would also fall on taxpayers. The Data Analysis The £1tn liability figure mentioned is misleading, as it estimates the money the government would have to pay out to cover pensions if there were no income coming from workers and employers. This figure is likely to be around £1.3tn. In contrast, other DB schemes, both public and private, are 'funded' through investment in the stock market. The Impact Analysis Public-sector workers choose their jobs based on the total package offered, including a good pension and strong benefits. These benefits allow the state to attract people who could earn considerably more in the private sector. The current system effectively defers the welfare bill, as generous public-sector pensions are a way of deferring costs to future administrations. The Prediction It would be more honest to raise pay so that staff could fund pensions and benefits themselves. However, no government is likely to do this, as it would create a problem today in exchange for solving one that lands on a future administration.

The Evolution of Bazball Four years after England's first Test under Brendon McCullum against New Zealand at Lord's, the two teams meet again with England looking to evolve their approach. England's Shift in Strategy McCullum's side will look to build on their success in the 2022 series, where they chased down testing targets to seal victory, with Jonny Bairstow scoring 394 runs at a strike rate of 120.12. The Data Behind the Success Before 2022, only three English players had scored more than 300 runs in a series at a strike rate above 85. Since then, another 10 players have achieved this feat, including Bairstow against New Zealand. The Impact on the Team McCullum emphasized the need for England to 'evolve slightly' while maintaining their core identity, stating: 'We know they're going to do things really well for a long period of time. Our job is to find a way to be able to compete with that style, yet also disrupt it when we've earned the right to be able to do so.' The Future Outlook As England looks to build a sustainable and successful team, McCullum is focused on embedding an identity that will allow young talent to flourish, saying: 'You're trying to build a team which ultimately is successful, wins the big series, does it with an identity and a style of play, but is also the smartest team in the world when it comes to tactics and implementing those.'

The Rise of Cosmetic Surgery in Hollywood A growing trend in Hollywood has actors opting for cosmetic surgeries, particularly Botox and dermal fillers, to achieve a more youthful and polished appearance. This has led to a noticeable change in the way actors perform on screen, with many displaying restricted facial expressions. The Impact on Acting The increased use of cosmetic surgeries has raised concerns about the impact on the craft of acting. Dr. David A. Colbert, a New York dermatologist, notes that "it's almost become standard that the face doesn't move as much as it used to." This lack of facial dexterity can limit an actor's ability to convey emotion and express themselves authentically on screen. The Pressure to Conform to Beauty Standards The pressure to conform to unrealistic beauty standards is intense in Hollywood, with many actors feeling compelled to undergo cosmetic surgeries to remain competitive. This has led to a culture where actors are expected to look ageless and flawless, rather than authentic and expressive. The Intersection of Technology and Beauty Standards The rise of high-definition cameras and social media has further fueled the demand for cosmetic surgeries. Dr. Anthony Brissett, a Houston-based cosmetic surgeon, notes that "there are things that actors and actresses will share with me that bother them" about their appearances, and that modern technology has increased the scrutiny they face. The Future of Acting and Beauty Standards As the film industry continues to evolve, it remains to be seen how the trend of cosmetic surgeries will impact the craft of acting. While some actors, like Kate Hudson, have spoken out against the use of Botox and fillers, others have embraced these procedures as a necessary part of their career. Ultimately, the tension between beauty standards and artistic expression will continue to shape the conversation around cosmetic surgeries in Hollywood.

The Lead Mindy Kaling's latest sitcom, 'Not Suitable for Work', attempts to bring back the charm of classic shows like Friends, but ultimately falls short. The show revolves around five young adults navigating life and love in Manhattan, but its predictable plot and lackluster dialogue make it feel like a rehash of familiar tropes. The Show's Concept and Characters The show follows the lives of five friends living in two apartments across a hallway in Manhattan. The characters include AJ, an ambitious first-year analyst at a merchant bank; Kel, a medical student who longs to be an actor; Davis, a people-pleaser and romantic; Josh, a 'super woke' child of privilege; and Abby, AJ's college friend. While the characters have some diversity, with two people of color in the main cast, the show's overall feel is reminiscent of classic sitcoms. The Dialogue and Plot The show's dialogue often feels forced and unnatural, with jokes that fall flat. The plot is predictable, with characters facing obstacles and entanglements that are easily anticipated. For example, AJ's boss is an arrogant but attractive older man who gets into an argument with her, and the outcome is never in doubt. The Bright Spots Despite the show's overall lackluster performance, there are some bright spots. Michael Benjamin Washington brings his unique energy to the role of the group's landlord, Antoine, and adds much-needed flavor to every scene he's in. Greg Germann's comic chops as Josh's father, David, are also welcome, and Jay Ellis as AJ's boss, Bill Gibson, brings astringency to the show. The Verdict 'Not Suitable for Work' is an easy watch, but its charms may not grow on audiences. While the joke hit rate picks up as the episodes go on, the show feels like a rerun of familiar sitcom tropes. If you're a fan of Mindy Kaling's previous work, you may want to give it a try, but otherwise, there are better shows to watch.

The Bantersphere: A Football Final's Wider Reaction The world of football is abuzz with opinions, and the Champions League final between Arsenal and PSG was no exception. The match sparked a heated debate about Arsenal's approach, with some hailing it as a masterstroke and others criticizing it as overly cautious. Arsenal's Approach: A Tactical Masterstroke? Mikel Arteta's decision to defend after taking the lead was seen as a sensible move, given PSG's attacking prowess. However, this approach was not without risks, and PSG came close to scoring on several occasions. The article argues that Arsenal's strategy was not about playing it safe, but about adapting to the game's circumstances. The Data Analysis: A Close Match Arsenal took the lead after just six minutes, with Kai Havertz scoring against Matvey Safonov. PSG equalized, and the match went into extra time and eventually penalties. PSG's project and team quality ultimately made the difference. The Impact Analysis: A Divided Fandom The article highlights how football fans have different opinions and expectations from matches. Some fans enjoyed the tactical battle, while others craved a more attacking display. This diversity of opinions is what makes the 'bantersphere' so lively, with fans engaging in debates and discussions on social media and beyond. The Prediction: More of the Same The article concludes that the 'bantersphere' will continue to thrive, with fans passionately expressing their views on social media and in discussions. As the World Cup approaches, fans will likely be eager to share their opinions on England's chances and the tactics employed by Thomas Tuchel.