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The Sound of a City in Transition: Emmy the Great’s Cantopop JourneySinger-songwriter Emma-Lee Moss, known professionally as Emmy the Great, has returned to Hong Kong to write her fourth album, driven by a deep personal and historical inquiry into the city's musical heritage. Born to an English father and a Hongkonger mother, Moss left the city at age 11 before the 1997 handover, a pivotal moment that shaped her understanding of displacement and belonging. Her new memoir, My Cantopop Nights, serves as a bridge between her mixed heritage and the city's history, using the genre of Cantopop to decode the emotional and political landscape of Hong Kong.A Personal History Through MelodyMoss’s narrative is not just a music review but a memoir woven through specific tracks that defined eras of her life. Her connection to the music is visceral and personal, often tied to rites of passage. For instance, the haircut she received in 1995 after hearing Aaron Kwok’s 'Love You Endlessly' became a symbol of her transition from a world where Kwok was a 'god' to one where he was unknown. Similarly, Faye Wong’s cover of 'Dream Person' introduced Moss to a subculture of punk and DIY bands during a childhood sleepover, fundamentally altering her teenage identity.Aaron Kwok – 'Love You Endlessly': A career-launching anthem that defined a hairstyle and a generation’s transition.Faye Wong – 'Dream Person': Introduced Moss to Western rock influences and punk culture.The Wynners – 'You're Free': Revealed a family secret where Moss’s father wrote English lyrics for the band.Beyond – 'Boundless Ocean, Vast Skies': A mourning anthem for the band's late singer, Wong Ka Kui, representing underground rock.Sam Hui – 'Half a Catty, Eight Taels': A working-class anthem that resonated with Moss during a period of political fragility in 2017.The Evolution of Cantopop: From Western Covers to Cantonese AnthemsThe article highlights the genre's evolution from a Western-influenced bubble to a distinctively Cantonese art form. The story begins with the Beatles playing in Hong Kong in 1964, sparking a wave of English-language covers. However, Sam Hui is credited with pioneering the shift to Cantonese originals, blending classical Chinese elements with pop sensibilities. Moss notes that Hui’s music, particularly the humorous yet poignant 'Half a Catty, Eight Taels,' offers a critique of the working class similar to Dolly Parton’s '9 to 5,' but grounded in the specific socio-economic context of 1970s Hong Kong.Music as a Mirror of Hong Kong’s Political LandscapeCantopop is portrayed not merely as entertainment but as a historical record of the city's resilience and fragility. Moss observed a surge in music and art in 2017 and 2019 as young people born after the handover sought to understand their identity amidst political insecurity. Songs like Beyond’s 'Boundless Ocean, Vast Skies' became anthems of mourning and underground resistance. Moss argues that the 'story of Hong Kong is the sound of it,' suggesting that the city's history is best understood through its auditory landscape rather than just its street signs or history books.The Enduring Legacy of Cantopop in a Globalized WorldAs Moss reconnects with her roots, she realizes that her independent musical style is deeply rooted in the Cantopop tradition. The genre has proven to be a powerful tool for cultural preservation, allowing the diaspora to maintain a connection to their heritage. By documenting these songs, Moss ensures that the emotional and political nuances of Hong Kong’s past are not lost. The genre continues to serve as a vessel for collective memory, proving that even in a rapidly changing globalized world, the local soundscape remains a vital anchor for identity and history.

The Shift in Defense EthicsFormer GCHQ head David Omand has called for the integration of moral guidelines into future AI-powered weapon systems, arguing that autonomous drones are the only way to manage the speed of modern warfare. Omand, who previously chaired a 2014 commission on armed drones expressing doubts about AI's ability to distinguish civilians, now believes technology can "formalize moral authority" to ensure compliance with international humanitarian law.From Skepticism to "Adaptive Moral Control"Omand's intervention marks a significant pivot in the debate over autonomous weapons. He proposes an "adaptive moral control layer" where humans set the parameters of a mission—such as the expected proximity of civilians—before deployment. The AI then operates within these constraints, making split-second targeting decisions that reflect "sound moral reasoning." This approach aims to move away from the "in the loop" model, where a human authorizes every action, to an "on the loop" model where humans supervise the system's parameters.The $54bn AI Arms RaceThe push for ethical AI in warfare is fueled by massive investment and the reality of modern combat. The US is aggressively pursuing this technology, allocating $54bn for autonomous systems in its 2027 budget. This spending is driven by the need to shorten the "kill chain" in conflicts like the Iran war, where AI tools from companies like Palantir and Anthropic are already being deployed to process data faster than human operators can react.Redefining Human Oversight in CombatThe debate is fundamentally changing how military leaders view human involvement. Omand argues that relying on humans to make every decision in the "heat of combat" is operationally impossible and likely to lead to worse collateral damage. Instead, he envisions a future where machines execute attacks under strict human-defined ethical boundaries. However, critics like Chris Cole of Drone Wars UK argue that AI is merely a data processor incapable of the cognitive judgment required to distinguish combatants from civilians or judge proportionality.The Future of Automated WarfareThe consensus among defense analysts is that the shift to "on the loop" systems is inevitable. As warfare accelerates, the ability to program ethical constraints into autonomous systems may become a standard requirement for military capability. The challenge moving forward will be ensuring that these "moral codes" are robust enough to prevent civilian casualties while maintaining the speed advantage that AI provides.

The 1,000th Lap: A Legacy Forged in Monaco As the streets of Monte Carlo echo with the roar of engines, history resonates long and loud for the McLaren team. Contesting their 1,000th Grand Prix in Monaco, the team marks a monumental achievement in motorsport history. Founded by Bruce McLaren in 1963, the outfit has evolved from a fledgling operation into the second-most successful team in F1 history, boasting 203 victories, 13 drivers' titles, and 10 constructors' championships. From a Ford Fairlane to the Podium: The Genesis of a Titan The team's debut in 1966 was not auspicious. McLaren qualified his M2B in 10th but retired after just 10 laps due to an oil leak. However, this early setback did not deter the visionaries behind the brand. The team began with just six people in a small workshop in New Malden, working among bulldozers in a contractor's shed. Founding Team: Bruce McLaren, his wife Patty, Eoin Young, Wally Willmott, Tyler Alexander, and Howden Ganley. Early Logistics: The first car was towed to Monaco behind a Ford Fairlane estate. First Victory: Achieved in 1968 at Spa-Francorchamps. Statistical Dominance: The Numbers Behind the Glory McLaren's journey is defined by consistent excellence and technical innovation. The team sits firmly behind only Ferrari in the all-time standings, a testament to their longevity and competitive edge. Total Grand Prix Appearances: 1,000 Wins: 203 Drivers' Championships: 13 Constructors' Championships: 10 Carved in Bruce’s Image: The Enduring Corporate Culture The team's survival through the tragic death of its founder in 1970 speaks volumes about the culture Bruce McLaren instilled. Described by former mechanic Howden Ganley as the "greatest leader of men," Bruce's vision created a family dynamic that persists today. The team's resilience was tested early, but the "technocratic imperative" to ever onward and upward remained, ensuring the McLaren name remained synonymous with speed and innovation. The Next Chapter: Sustaining the Legacy Beyond the Milestone With recent victories like Lando Norris's win in Miami 2024 signaling a return to the top table, the challenge for McLaren is now maintaining this momentum. As they look toward the future, the 1,000th race in Monaco serves not just as a celebration of the past, but as a launchpad for the next era of Formula 1 dominance.

The Radiant Star of 'Marilyn Monroe: A Portrait' The National Portrait Gallery's new blockbuster show, 'Marilyn Monroe: A Portrait,' marks Monroe's 100th birthday with a comprehensive exhibition that transforms our perception of the iconic actress. The Evolution of a Hollywood Icon The exhibition takes visitors on a journey from Monroe's early days as Norma Jeane Baker to her rise as a radiant, uncontainable film star. Through self-portraits, photographs, paintings, and excerpts from her films, the show highlights Monroe's agency and self-creation as an American icon. The Art of Self-Creation Monroe's command of the camera is evident in picture after picture, showcasing her unselfconscious charm that defined a century. The exhibition features works by prominent photographers like Richard Avedon, Milton Greene, Cecil Beaton, and Eve Arnold, demonstrating how Monroe remained in control of her image. Experimentation and Artistry The show also explores the artistic techniques used to capture Monroe's image, including surrealist collages, solarisation methods, and altered portraits. Notable works include Philippe Halsman's surrealist collages and André de Dienes' poignant portraits taken after Monroe's death. Beyond the Glamour While the exhibition is a celebration of Monroe's life and career, it also hints at her vulnerabilities and flaws. A 1956 photo by Cecil Beaton and a 1962 paparazzi image of Monroe's body bag being carried out of her home in Los Angeles provide a glimpse into the complexities of her life and death. The Legacy of Marilyn Monroe The exhibition concludes with a reflection on Monroe's enduring legacy, from her impact on midcentury US culture to her influence on pop art. As visitors leave the show, they are left with a deeper understanding of Monroe as a multifaceted individual, rather than just a Hollywood icon.

The Stalled 'Reset' and the July DeadlineThe UK-EU relationship is at a critical juncture as the second 'reset' summit since Brexit faces potential delays. Originally penciled in for June 29, the date has tentatively shifted to July 13, though diplomatic sources suggest it could be pushed back to the autumn. The primary concern among EU officials is the loss of momentum; without a hard deadline, the pressure to finalize agreements diminishes, leading to a negotiation style where deals are often struck only at the last minute.The Youth Mobility Scheme as the Critical Friction PointThe central obstacle to the summit is the deadlock over the Youth Mobility Scheme, which allows under-30s to travel and work in the partner country. The disagreement is structural: the EU insists that its citizens studying in the UK under this scheme must pay 'home' tuition fees, while the UK government is pushing to cap the annual number of EU citizens at between 40,000 and 50,000.EU Position: The scheme is viewed as an investment in the future, with 20 out of 27 EU ministers emphasizing its importance during recent talks.UK Position: Business Secretary Peter Kyle argues that any deal must be 'respectful' of both sides, specifically noting the need to address British voters' concerns regarding migration.The Strategic Value of Youth MobilityBeyond the immediate trade friction, the youth mobility scheme represents a soft-power asset for the EU. EU Trade Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič highlighted its personal and political significance, noting that his own daughter studied in the UK and speaks with a British accent. This personal investment reflects a broader European desire to maintain cultural and educational ties, making the scheme a 'red line' for EU leaders who view it as essential for future cooperation.Future Outlook: The Risk of a Delayed SummitThe biggest risk to the July summit is the lack of transparency and a defined timeline. EU diplomats have expressed frustration that the UK's vision remains unclear, making it difficult to expedite a deal. However, both sides remain optimistic. Kyle described his recent meeting with Šefčovič as 'positive' and full of 'hope and optimism.' The success of this summit will likely depend on whether the UK can demonstrate that the EU delivers tangible benefits to British citizens, thereby winning over public opinion while navigating the tightrope of migration policy.

The Commercial Executive Takes the Helm of the Arts The appointment of Dawn Airey as the new Chair of Arts Council England marks a significant shift in leadership for the UK's cultural funding body. Airey, who takes over from Nicholas Serota in August, steps into a role traditionally held by figures with deep roots in the arts establishment. However, her career is defined by a different kind of legacy: a reputation for decisive, business-savvy leadership and a blunt commercial instinct. Her appointment follows an independent review by Margaret Hodge, which highlighted the urgent need to protect funding from politicization and simplify the application process for arts organizations. Airey has acknowledged the gravity of the mandate, stating that the importance of the council in championing art and culture has "never been more needed." She has also identified artificial intelligence as a critical challenge facing the sector. Navigating the Financial and Political Landscape The incoming chair faces a complex environment where public funding is under scrutiny. The independent review emphasized that the arm’s-length public body must ensure stability in funding streams while modernizing its operational procedures. Airey’s background in high-stakes media environments suggests she is well-equipped to handle the "occasional causes célèbres" and political arguments regarding regional funding distribution that often plague cultural institutions. Review Mandate: Simplify application processes and protect funding from politicization. Key Challenge: Adapting the arts sector to the rise of artificial intelligence. Leadership Style: Described as "fearless" and possessing a "steely constitution" by peers. Bridging the Gap Between Commercial Media and Public Funding Airey’s career trajectory—from the founding team at Channel 5 to senior roles at Sky, ITV, Yahoo!, and Getty Images—provides a unique perspective for the Arts Council. Unlike previous chairs who may have been purely from the arts or academia, Airey understands the creative industries through the lens of commercial viability. This experience is likely to influence how the Council balances artistic integrity with the need for sustainability and audience engagement. Her reputation for navigating "boys' club" cultures in broadcasting also positions her as a potential driver for diversity and inclusivity within the arts sector. Colleagues describe her as a "bloody pussycat" who is nonetheless a "fighter" against injustice, suggesting a leadership style that is both empathetic and resilient. A New Era for Arts Funding and Digital Resilience Looking ahead, Airey’s tenure is expected to bring a renewed focus on the digital transformation of the arts. By identifying artificial intelligence as a key challenge, she signals that the Arts Council will likely invest in digital literacy and technological integration for member organizations. Her "amazing capacity for work" and history of reinventing channels under pressure suggest she will drive a modernization agenda that prioritizes resilience and adaptability in a rapidly changing media landscape.

Remembering Kanya King’s Trailblazing Vision for Black British MusicThe article reflects on Kanya King’s journey from the mid‑1990s, when few corporate leaders cared about racial equality, to becoming the driving force behind the MOBO Awards. Her blend of warmth, humility and unstoppable energy turned a niche celebration into a mainstream platform for Black British talent.How the MOBO Awards Transformed from Niche Event to National InstitutionKing convinced Carlton TV to broadcast the first ceremony, breaking the norm of community‑centre events. She then expanded the show beyond London, taking it to Glasgow and other cities, proving that Black music could command a national audience.Milestones and Numbers: 30 Years, Nationwide Tours, and Audience Growth30th anniversary ceremony held in March 2026, marking three decades of influence.Initial broadcast reached millions of viewers, a figure that grew to over 10 million annual viewers by 2025.The awards have visited five major UK cities, adding an estimated £50 million to local economies through tourism and event spending.Through the Mobo Trust, more than 200 emerging artists received scholarships or recording grants.Why King’s Approach Reshaped Britain’s Cultural LandscapeBy framing the ceremony as “music of Black origin,” King linked Black British culture to the wider national identity, challenging the “loony left” narrative around diversity in the 1990s. Her charitable arm, the Mobo Trust, cemented the awards’ social impact, turning celebration into tangible support for artists.Future of Black British Music in the Wake of King’s LegacyEven after King’s passing, the structures she built – televised ceremonies, regional tours and the Trust – provide a platform for the next generation. Industry observers expect the MOBO brand to continue expanding into digital streaming partnerships, ensuring Black British music remains a central driver of the UK’s cultural economy.

Iraq has clinched a historic spot at the 2026 World Cup, becoming the final nation to qualify and ending a 40‑year absence from football’s biggest stage. The Epic Journey to Mexico and Qualification Twenty hours on a bus, a charter plane out of the Middle East, and a one‑off game carrying the expectations of 48 million people defined Iraq’s road to the tournament. After a two‑year, 21‑match qualification marathon, the Lions of Mesopotamia travelled overland to Jordan, endured a 24‑hour flight delay, and finally landed in Monterrey for the inter‑continental playoff against Bolivia. Coach Graham Arnold gave his squad three days to recover before the decisive match, insisting they “don’t use it as an excuse.” The plan worked: a 2‑1 victory, sealed by a corner‑kick goal from 24‑year‑old forward Ali Al‑Hamadi, booked Iraq’s place at the World Cup for the first time since 1986. Numbers Behind Iraq’s Historic Qualification 21 matches played over more than two years 48 million Iraqi fans cheering the campaign Travel itinerary: 20‑hour bus ride → charter plane → 24‑hour flight delay → 3‑day recovery period Playoff result: Iraq 2 – Bolivia 1 First World Cup goal scorer: Ali Al‑Hamadi (on loan at Luton Town) What Iraq’s Return Means for Middle‑East Football The qualification marks a symbolic victory for a nation scarred by decades of conflict, sanctions and political instability. Football has become a “vehicle for happiness” for Iraqis, offering a rare moment of unity and pride. The success also revives the legacy of the 2007 Asian Cup triumph, reminding the region that Iraqi football can still compete on the continental stage. Beyond national morale, the achievement may inspire investment in grassroots programs across the Middle East, encouraging other war‑torn nations to view sport as a pathway to global recognition. Looking Ahead: Iraq’s Group‑of‑Death Challenge and Prospects With only a short preparation window, the squad will train in Spain and face friendlies against Spain and Andorra before heading to the United States. Drawn in a “group of death” with France, Norway (featuring Erling Haaland) and Senegal, Iraq’s path is steep. Arnold’s experience—guiding Australia to the round of 16 at Qatar 2022—provides tactical know‑how, but success will hinge on the team’s “mindset of shocking the world.” Midfielder Aimar Sher, born in Iraq but raised in Sweden, epitomises the blend of diaspora talent and home‑grown determination that could fuel an upset. If the Lions can translate their fighting spirit into disciplined performances, they may not only spoil a party but also rewrite the narrative of Middle‑East football on the world stage.

The Lead Public-sector pension schemes in the UK have been a topic of discussion lately, particularly regarding their funding. A recent letter from Prof Stephen Caddick highlighted the £1tn in liabilities for public defined-benefit (DB) pension schemes, sparking debate about the fairness and affordability of these schemes. The Event Details There are five large 'unfunded' public-sector pension schemes in the UK: NHS, teachers, civil servants, police, and army. Employers, and ultimately taxpayers, contribute a significant amount to these schemes. However, without a decent pension scheme, these sectors would likely require higher levels of pay to recruit and retain staff, which would also fall on taxpayers. The Data Analysis The £1tn liability figure mentioned is misleading, as it estimates the money the government would have to pay out to cover pensions if there were no income coming from workers and employers. This figure is likely to be around £1.3tn. In contrast, other DB schemes, both public and private, are 'funded' through investment in the stock market. The Impact Analysis Public-sector workers choose their jobs based on the total package offered, including a good pension and strong benefits. These benefits allow the state to attract people who could earn considerably more in the private sector. The current system effectively defers the welfare bill, as generous public-sector pensions are a way of deferring costs to future administrations. The Prediction It would be more honest to raise pay so that staff could fund pensions and benefits themselves. However, no government is likely to do this, as it would create a problem today in exchange for solving one that lands on a future administration.