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The EU's Emergency Subsidy Package The EU is to subsidise up to 70% of the extra cost of fuel and fertilisers caused by the Iran war for farmers, fishing businesses, and road hauliers as part of a package of emergency measures unveiled on Wednesday. Eligibility and Claim Process Individual companies can claim up to €50,000 each between now and the end of the year with minimum paperwork, a measure the EU hopes will remove what it sees as an existential threat to hauliers and farmers. Energy-intensive industries will be able to claim up to 70% of the extra electricity cost of eligible consumption. Small hauliers, farmers, and fishers will be able to claim the fixed amount of up to €50,000 with minimal fuss. The Impact of the Iran War on EU Industries The sectors were specifically impacted because of the rising fuel and fertiliser prices, it said. No relief has been offered to airlines and airports regarding jet fuel, but potential future intervention has not been ruled out. Concerns and Future Implications Some concerns have been raised that the subsidies in the form of grant aid could increase the demand for fossil fuels and compromise the EU’s target to transition to renewables. However, Teresa Ribera, the executive vice-president for clean, just and competitive transition, defended the move, emphasising that achieving a clean economy is crucial for shielding Europe from future energy crises.

The Dawn of a New HazardBefore the noise of Lagos's iconic danfo buses fills the air and generators rumble to life, the city's lagoon is already stirring—not from fish splashing or canoes gliding, but from the long suction pipes of dredging machines. This industrial awakening is fueled by an insatiable demand for sharp sand to construct high-rise blocks, housing estates, and flyovers. While the Lagos State government and the waterways authority regulate the industry, the sheer scale of a city of over 20 million people means enforcement is failing, leading to widespread illegal operations that are fundamentally altering the lagoon's geography.The Mechanics of DestructionThe primary driver of this ecological crisis is the unregulated extraction of sand from the lagoon bed. The process involves heavy machinery spewing dark slurry and creating deep channels that scar the landscape. This is not merely a localized event; it is a systemic failure of oversight. Despite regulations, a significant portion of the dredging is being done 'by the book' is eroding the seabed by nearly 6 metres between the reclaimed Banana Island and the nearby Third Mainland Bridge. This area, a roughly 5km stretch of central Lagos's main lagoon channel, is the vital artery connecting the city's island districts to the mainland. The removal of this foundational material destabilizes the entire waterway, turning a navigable waterway into a site of environmental degradation.The Human and Ecological CostThe consequences of this dredging extend far beyond the immediate area, causing significant ecological damage and harming local fisheries. Dr. Nnimmo Bassey, director of the Health of Mother Earth Foundation, warns that dredging at this scale without proper environmental assessment 'destroys or wipes out certain species,' which ultimately harms everyone who depends on them. For coastal communities like Epe, Oto-Awori, Era Town, and Makoko, the lagoon is no longer a source of sustenance but a source of struggle. Fishers like Fasasi Adekunle, who has paddled these waters for over 30 years, now face canoes clogged with water hyacinths and sediment plumes that make their daily routines nearly impossible.The Future Outlook: A Tipping PointThe current trajectory suggests a grim future for the Lagos Lagoon. As the ecosystem moves towards collapse, the water is becoming 'no longer our friend.' The loss of biodiversity and the destruction of the seabed will likely lead to irreversible damage to the coastal communities that rely on the lagoon for food and livelihood. Without a radical shift in regulatory enforcement and a move towards sustainable construction practices, the lagoon risks becoming a dead zone, severing the vital link between Lagos's urban core and its natural environment.

Since its inauguration in 1875, Mumbai’s Sassoon Dock has transitioned from a Gulf‑bound trading hub to the beating heart of the city’s fishing sector. Today, the once‑bustling harbour is marked by an unsettling silence.Rows of fishing boats sit idle under the morning sun, their colourful flags fluttering against the skyline. The familiar chorus of net‑unloading, diesel‑engine rumble, ice‑hauling and fish‑monger shouts has faded.Boat owner Shekhar Chogle, weather‑worn from years at sea, has been compelled to keep his vessel moored since the conflict began. Plummeting earnings, relentless labour costs and diesel prices soaring above $1.20 per litre ($4.54 per US gallon) have rendered fishing operations virtually impossible.The dock’s diesel pump now sits abandoned, draped with a wilted marigold garland. A worker returns from the petrol station empty‑handed, his wooden barrow holding six unfilled containers, underscoring the fuel shortage that has crippled cooperatives that normally supply affordable fuel, ice and equipment to fishers.This fuel crisis reverberates beyond Mumbai, affecting fishing communities throughout India and wider Asia. Fishers confront a stark choice: stay ashore and forfeit income, or brave the sea at the risk of further financial loss, jeopardising both individual families and entire coastal economies.A recently announced two‑week ceasefire between Iran, the United States and Israel offers a glimmer of hope, yet analysts warn that normalising fuel supplies will take time.For Chogle, the clock is ticking. “Our income has dropped significantly since we have not been able to take our boat out to sea,” he lamented.Despite the soaring fuel costs, a few boats still venture out. Morning markets persist, though catches are modest. Women in vibrant saris haggle over the limited fish, and a mother balancing a baby on her hip scrutinises each purchase, weighing cost against necessity.“If diesel prices don’t come down soon, I don’t know how we’ll survive,” Chogle warned, encapsulating the precarious future of Mumbai’s once‑thriving fishing trade.

Six decades ago, pioneering oceanographer and conservationist Sylvia Earle made a remarkable discovery while diving off Chile’s oceanic islands. She found the remains of a baby fur seal, a species endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago that was believed to have been hunted to extinction in the 19th century. This discovery gave Earle hope that a small population might still exist, and indeed, a year later, a colony of 20 endemic fur seals was confirmed on Robinson Crusoe Island.Today, after decades of conservation efforts, the fur seal population has made an extraordinary recovery. An estimated 200,000 fur seals now inhabit the waters around the islands, returning them to their previous role as key members of the ecosystem. Earle, now 90, who returned to the island to dive in December 2025, described the archipelago as a critical 'Hope Spot' for marine protection.In a significant conservation victory, outgoing Chilean President Gabriel Boric recently signed an agreement to extend protection of 337,000 sq km of waters around Juan Fernández and the nearby Nazca-Desventuradas marine park. Once implemented, this 'no take' zone will extend to almost 1 million sq km, making it the third-largest such marine protected zone in the world. By doing so, Chile would protect more than 50% of its waters, placing it in a rare category alongside countries such as Panama and French Polynesia.The protection prohibits all fishing activities except within 12km of the coast, allowing the community of approximately 1,000 lobster fishers to continue their traditional livelihood. Chile is now out in front globally in ocean protection efforts, according to Earle, as most countries have been slower to commit to such extensive marine conservation.The initiative was driven by the Juan Fernández islanders and conservation NGOs who have advocated for decades to protect the unique ecosystem. The fishers, who witnessed the damage caused by industrial fishing of the orange roughy in the 1990s and 2000s, have practiced stewardship of their fishery. A survey showed 98% of residents supported extended protections, leading the fishers to present a proposal directly to the president.Julio Chamorro Solís, a lobster fisher and president of the local fishing organization, emphasized the importance of the unique ecosystem: 'We know the level of endemism we have and how fragile this ecosystem is. There's a biological treasure here.'However, the future of this expanded protection remains uncertain. The new Chilean government, led by President-elect José Antonio Kast, is currently reviewing environmental laws established by the previous administration. While the Chilean ministry of the environment has stated its intention is not to eliminate protections, conservationists and islanders await confirmation that the marine park extension will proceed as planned.This initiative aligns with global commitments to protect 30% of the world's oceans by 2030, a goal reinforced by the recent implementation of the high seas treaty. The expansion of Chile's marine protected areas represents a significant step toward achieving this ambitious target while safeguarding one of the planet's unique marine ecosystems.

In El Salvador, the Oriente Salvaje surf spot, known for its world-class breaks, Las Flores and Punta Mango, is facing significant threats from climate change. The local economy, heavily reliant on surf tourism, sputters to a halt due to intense tropical storms causing flooding and disrupting transport routes.To mitigate these risks, Rodrigo Barraza, a local surfer, teamed up with Save the Waves, an international surfing nonprofit organization. They took out a parametric insurance policy for Oriente Salvaje, which can be used to support recovery from climate change impacts. This policy is triggered when damaging conditions cross a predetermined threshold, such as wind speed or rainfall level.The project aims to provide rapid support for the local community, which includes hotels, restaurants, surf shops, fishers, and drone experts. A survey of 50 local businesses showed that, on average, 70% of their income was dependent on surf tourism. Several informal operators, such as surf photographers, guides, and boat drivers, are especially vulnerable to changeable weather.The payout will be triggered once weather conditions reach an extreme associated with observable income loss. It will be distributed to anywhere between a few hundred and several thousand beneficiaries in the region. The size of the payout is still being determined, as well as which insurer it will be, but Save the Waves hopes to have a pilot running by June.The pioneering program has not been hurdle-free. Angelo Picardo, Save the Waves' local coordinator, says: "El Salvador is a developing country and we don't have an insurance culture – people don't even have health insurance – so there's a lot of work you have to do on the ground to bring people on board."Another challenge has been funding the premiums without burdening local businesses. Save the Waves is in talks with the Salvadorian government, which since 2019 has been channelling millions from loans into a nationwide surf tourism initiative.This type of insurance is bound to spread as more communities and ecosystems experience weather extremes. However, Swenja Surminski, an international expert on innovative insurance for ecosystems, warns that "parametric solutions must be combined with broader resilience and adaptation strategies".