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The frozen assets of Iran, estimated to be over $100bn, have emerged as a significant obstacle in the ongoing talks between the United States and Iran. These assets, which include revenues from oil sales frozen in foreign banks, are a vital component of Iran's economy, which has been severely impacted by sanctions imposed by the US and other nations.The sanctions, in place since 1979, have restricted Tehran's ability to access its own assets, exacerbating the country's economic woes. Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, the speaker of Iran's parliament, has emphasized that the release of these frozen assets is a prerequisite for any negotiations.The exact amount of frozen assets is unclear, but experts estimate it to be around $100bn, a sum that is approximately four times what Iran earns annually from hydrocarbon sales. Frederic Schneider, a nonresident senior fellow at the Middle East Council on Global Affairs, noted that this is a substantial amount, especially for a country that has been suffering under decades of US-led sanctions.The frozen assets are held in multiple countries, including Japan, Iraq, China, India, Luxembourg, and Qatar. Iran's economy is in crisis, with decades of sanctions limiting its oil exports and stalling its ability to attract investments and modernize its industry and technology. The release of these assets could provide a significant boost to Iran's economy, allowing it to address its infrastructure needs and stabilize its currency.Roxane Farmanfarmaian, academic director and lecturer in international politics at the University of Cambridge, emphasized that unfreezing Iran's assets would be significant, enabling the country to repatriate its funds earned in hard currency from oil sales and gain control over its currency fluctuations.

Iranian Major General Ali Abdollahi stated that if the US continues its naval blockade in the Strait of Hormuz, it would be seen as a prelude to violating the ceasefire. The blockade has completely halted economic trade going into and out of Iran by sea. Abdollahi emphasized that Iran's armed forces will not allow any exports or imports to continue in the Persian Gulf, the Sea of Oman, and the Red Sea. The US military's actions have significant implications for Iran's economy and regional stability.The current ceasefire was declared a week ago, and US President Donald Trump hinted at a second round of face-to-face talks with Iran in Pakistan in the coming days. However, Iranian authorities have maintained a defiant approach, with parliament's deputy speaker, Ali Nikzad, stating that Iran will never give concessions to its enemy.Iran's Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman, Esmaeil Baghaei, emphasized that Iran has not and will not seek a nuclear weapon but insists on its right to pursue nuclear energy for civilian purposes under United Nations safeguards. The level and type of enrichment can be negotiated.Iranian authorities have continued to announce the enforcement of death sentences, as well as a large number of arrests and asset confiscations. The judiciary has said some of the executions were linked to nationwide protests in January, during which thousands of people were killed during an internet blackout.

A high-level Pakistani delegation, led by Army Chief Asim Munir, has arrived in Tehran to facilitate fresh negotiations between Iran and the United States, with a fragile truce set to expire on April 22.The talks aim to address key issues, including Iran's nuclear program, control of the Strait of Hormuz, and compensation for wartime damages. Pakistani Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi is also joining mediation efforts in Tehran.US President Donald Trump has expressed optimism about a potential deal, stating that the world should brace for an “amazing two days” as the war with Iran is close to over. The White House has also indicated that additional talks with Iran would likely go forward in Islamabad.Despite these developments, US military maintains its naval blockade on all Iranian ports, which Iran's military has slammed as a violation of the ceasefire. Iran has threatened to retaliate by blocking trade through the Red Sea, Gulf, and Sea of Oman if the US does not lift its blockade.Mediators are pushing for a compromise on three main sticking points – Iran's nuclear program, control of the Strait of Hormuz, and compensation for wartime damages. Sources indicate that Pakistani mediators are optimistic about a potential major breakthrough on the nuclear front.

Barcelona’s aspirations for a Champions League title were extinguished for the second consecutive season when they fell 2‑1 to La Liga rivals Atletico Madrid in the quarter‑finals, losing 3‑2 on aggregate.Coach Hansi Flick acknowledged the disappointment, noting that the squad believed it could progress: “It’s tough because everyone really believed that we could make it happen today,” he said after the match.Despite the exit, Flick remains optimistic that the experience will accelerate the development of the club’s young core, which includes teenage sensation Lamine Yamal, midfielder Frenkie de Jong, and forward Pedri. The starting XI’s average age is under 25, positioning Barcelona as one of Europe’s most youthful line‑ups.Defensive frailties were starkly exposed. Barcelona conceded 20 goals in 12 Champions League matches and failed to keep a single clean sheet. In both legs of the tie, defenders were sent off for fouls that led directly to Atletico’s goals – Pau Cubarsi in the first leg and Eric Garcia in the second – highlighting the risks of Flick’s high defensive line.Financial constraints limit the club’s ability to splash on marquee signings. Veteran striker Robert Lewandowski is out of contract at 38, and the future of on‑loan winger Marcus Rashford remains uncertain. Additional questions loom over the contracts of Ferran Torres, Ronald Araujo and defender João Cancelo beyond the summer.Nevertheless, Barcelona’s domestic form remains strong. They sit nine points clear of Real Madrid in La Liga and retain the confidence that a league title is within reach, even as the quest for a sixth Champions League crown continues.De Jong emphasized the positive trajectory: “We’re growing every year. We have a young team, with a lot of talent and a lot of quality that can already compete for every competition.”Looking ahead, Flick hopes that a year of added experience will see Yamal, Pedri and Cubarsi return as battle‑hardened leaders capable of taking Barcelona further in Europe.

US President Donald Trump has launched a scathing attack on Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, one of his key European allies, over her stance on the conflict with Iran. In an interview with the Italian daily Corriere della Sera, Trump expressed his disappointment, stating, “I’m shocked at her. I thought she had courage, but I was wrong.”Trump's criticism centers on Meloni's refusal to join the US-Israel coalition against Iran, a stance that has put her at odds with Trump. “She’s unacceptable because she doesn’t mind that Iran has a nuclear weapon and would blow up Italy in two minutes if they had the chance,” Trump said. This statement underscores the deepening divide between the US and Italy on the issue.Meloni, who has been Italy's leader since October 2022, was once considered one of Trump's closest allies in Europe. However, their relationship has soured recently. Trump noted that they had not spoken in a long time, adding, “She doesn’t help us with NATO. She doesn’t want to help get rid of a nuclear-weaponed Iran. Very sad … She’s much different than I thought,” highlighting his disappointment in Meloni's shift away from his policies.The rift between Trump and Meloni comes as Italy has suspended a defense agreement with Israel, which involves the exchange of military equipment and technology research. This move follows accusations by the Italian government that Israeli forces fired warning shots at a convoy of Italian peacekeepers in Lebanon. Tensions between Italy and Israel have been escalating, adding another layer of complexity to the situation.In response to Trump's comments, Meloni's allies and political opponents rallied to her defense. Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani emphasized Italy's commitment to Western unity and mutual respect, stating, “We are and remain staunch supporters of Western unity and steadfast allies of the United States, but this unity is built on mutual loyalty, respect, and honesty.” Elly Schlein, leader of the centre-left Democratic Party, condemned Trump's “serious lack of respect” and reiterated Italy's constitutional repudiation of war.

Uzbek grandmaster Javokhir Sindarov has emerged victorious in the chess Candidates Tournament, drawing with Dutchman Anish Giri to set up a highly anticipated World Championship match against India's Gukesh Dommaraju.The 20-year-old Sindarov dominated the event in Cyprus, winning six of his 13 games and losing none. This impressive performance earned him 9.5 points, two clear of second-placed Giri on 7.5.Sindarov's victory marks a significant milestone in his career, and he expressed his relief and happiness after the tournament. 'It was the hardest week in my life. I even slept really bad the last few days. I am very happy to finish this tournament with a win,' he said.The World Championship match against Gukesh, who won the title in 2024 by defeating China's Ding Liren, is expected to be a challenging encounter. Sindarov acknowledged Gukesh's experience but expressed confidence in his own abilities, stating, 'Gukesh has an experience of playing at this level. But I have a very good team. I have a lot to work on, and I will work a lot for this and take my chances.'While Sindarov's breakthrough and the rise of a younger generation may spark speculation about a potential comeback by Magnus Carlsen, the Norwegian has stated that he has no intention of returning to the classical World Championship cycle.A precise date and venue for the World Championship match have yet to be announced.

Tehran has issued an uncompromising demand for $270 billion in reparations for the devastation wrought by United States and Israeli strikes since the war began on 28 February. The figure, disclosed by government spokeswoman Fatemeh Mohajerani in an interview with Russia’s RIA Novosti, aggregates both direct and indirect losses across a wide range of sectors. Iran’s UN envoy asserted that five regional states must contribute to the compensation, alleging that their territories served as launchpads for attacks on Iranian soil. In parallel, Tehran floated a Strait of Hormuz protocol that would levy a tax on vessels transiting the strategic waterway, earmarking the proceeds for reconstruction. The war has battered Iran’s critical infrastructure: oil and gas complexes, petrochemical plants, steel and aluminium factories, as well as military installations have been repeatedly struck. Damage extends to bridges, ports, railways, universities, research centres, power stations and desalination plants, while countless hospitals, schools and civilian homes have been either damaged or razed. In the aviation sector, Maghsoud Asadi Samani, secretary of the Association of Iranian Airlines, reported that 60 civilian aircraft have been rendered inoperable, with 20 completely destroyed. Iran now operates roughly 160 passenger planes, many of which are decades old and suffer from parts shortages due to stringent US sanctions. The airline industry estimates losses exceeding 300 trillion rials (≈ $190 million) over just 40 days of conflict, compounded by the loss of anticipated revenue from the Nowruz holiday period. Despite the extensive damage, Iranian officials have signalled no willingness to make major concessions in forthcoming negotiations with Washington, including on nuclear enrichment. Hard‑line parliament spokesman Ebrahim Rezaei warned that extending the recent two‑week ceasefire would merely allow the US and Israel to replenish their arsenals, urging the United States to either recognise Iran’s rights—particularly over the Strait of Hormuz—or return to hostilities. Financially, Iran allocated close to $8 billion to its military in 2024, according to SIPRI, and has pledged to triple that budget following previous missile exchanges with Israel. Yet the economy remains strained by years of sanctions, mismanagement and corruption. Compounding the economic strain, the government‑imposed near‑total internet shutdown—affecting over 90 million users—has been estimated to cost the nation up to $80 million per day. Afshin Kolahi of the Iran Chamber of Commerce warned that the blackout equates to losing the output of four B1‑class bridges and two medium‑capacity power plants each day. While a limited “Internet Pro” service is being offered to select users, the majority of the population remains confined to a state‑controlled intranet, prompting widespread calls for internet freedom. These intertwined military, economic and digital pressures underscore the high stakes of the anticipated US‑Iran talks, with Tehran demanding acknowledgment of its losses and a pathway to rebuild a war‑torn nation.

Gray whales have historically been a rare sight in the San Francisco Bay. They migrate over 10,000 miles from Mexico's Baja California to the Arctic region, seldom stopping in the busy shipping corridor for prolonged periods. However, in recent years, this has changed in a dire way.A new study published in the journal Frontiers in Marine Science has found that gray whales in the bay have been dying at alarming rates, largely due to collisions with vessels. Eastern North Pacific (ENP) gray whales began to appear more frequently in the well-trafficked maritime corridor around 2018.According to researchers, at least 18% of gray whales that entered the bay from 2018 to 2025 have died. They determined that for more than 40% of the whale carcasses, the cause of death was blunt force trauma consistent with vessel strikes, prompting calls for renewed efforts to help avoid more fatal collisions.“It was historically very unusual for them to enter the bay, especially for longer amounts of time or consistently year after year,” said Josie Slaathaug, lead author of the study. There are whale subgroups known to hunt for food south of the Arctic, but a majority of the recently spotted whales feeding in the bay were not a part of these foraging clusters.A wave of new whale presence had not been observed in the waters since the late 1990s. Researchers have theorized that Arctic warming is disrupting food availability for the whales, driving them to hunt in new places such as the bay, although it remains unclear what exactly they may be eating there.Their potential new feeding corner, though, is a major shipping route. The true mortality rate for whales in the bay may be higher, hovering somewhere from 40% to 50%, Slaathaug said.In recent years, there have been several reports of dead whales that wash up on Bay Area beaches. The ENP gray whale population has been in decline due to malnutrition and starvation from climate-driven prey shifts in the Arctic. The Southwest Fisheries Science Center estimated a population total of about 13,000 whales, its lowest count since 1970.“It’s not unique to their migratory corridor that a lot of whales are dying,” Slaathaug said. “What is unique about San Francisco Bay and this study was that there was such a clear emerging cause of death.”Some local efforts are under way to reduce vessel collisions. The Marine Mammal Center has developed a program called Whale Smart, to educate vessel operators in the San Francisco Bay on how to interpret whale behavior to avoid close encounters.In Alaska, where vessels also pose a threat to the whale population, one fleet company partnered with WhaleSpotter, a company that uses AI and thermal imaging to detect the presence of whales, so they can change course well in advance.Last year, the Center for Biological Diversity, a conservation group, sued the US Coast Guard, which regulates vessel traffic off the California coast, for failing to analyze how vessel routes may harm whales and sea turtles.“This most recent study about the gray whales reaffirms that we have way underestimated the problem and we are not managing human activities well enough to avoid the whales,” said Catherine Kilduff, senior attorney at the center.Federal action is needed to reduce the fatal collisions, Kilduff said. According to the Endangered Species Act, the coast guard should be consulting with the National Marine Fisheries Service when setting shipping lanes to assess impact to marine wildlife.Kilduff also suggested mandatory speed limits for vessels. “There are voluntary speed reductions on the west coast, but there is evidence that those aren’t effective. The compliance rate isn’t high enough,” she said.A 2022 study co-authored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration found that the average speeds of large vessels had decreased from 2010 to 2019 in voluntary speed reduction zones. But, researchers determined that the cooperation rate of roughly 50% was lower than the amount needed to reduce vessel strike-related mortality to a level that maintains a sustainable whale population.“These whales are using the oceans in such a sophisticated way. We can learn so much from them, and if we can figure out ways to avoid killing them, I know that they’ll come back to healthy population levels,” Kilduff said.

Arsenal survived a tense second‑leg against Sporting Lisbon, preserving their 1‑0 first‑leg cushion to advance to a Champions League semi‑final against Atlético Madrid. The victory comes amid a turbulent spell that has seen the Gunners lose the Carabao Cup final to Manchester City, exit the FA Cup to Southampton, and drop points to Bournemouth in the Premier League.The match was a defensive slog. Arsenal managed just one shot on target – a strike credited to Martín Zubimendi – and struggled to create clear chances. Substitute Leandro Trossard rattled the post with a header in the 84th minute, while Sporting’s Geny Catamo and João Simões each struck the woodwork, underscoring the fine margins.Despite the lack of flair, Arsenal’s backline held firm. Goalkeeper David Raya made a crucial save, and the team’s overall resolve mirrored the solidity that has defined their season. The win ensures a semi‑final showdown with Atlético Madrid, the side that humbled Arsenal 4‑0 in the league phase last October.While the result eases immediate pressure, the performance raised questions about Arsenal’s attacking potency. Only one shot on target and a reliance on defensive grit highlight concerns that could haunt them in the upcoming league clash with Manchester City, who sit six points ahead in the title race.Looking ahead, Arsenal will need to translate their defensive confidence into sharper offensive output if they hope to challenge for silverware on multiple fronts.