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Cambridge University is launching a four-week summer course in botany, inspired by a course taught by Prof John Stevens Henslow to Charles Darwin in the 1820s. The course will use original teaching materials, including plant specimens and illustrations, to teach students about botany.The course aims to address the gap in botany education in the UK, where the subject has largely disappeared as a standalone degree. Dr Raphaella Hull, acting head of learning for Cambridge University Botanic Garden, said that the course will teach students about botany using hands-on techniques and field excursions.The course is based on Henslow's pioneering approach to teaching botany, which emphasized the importance of observing and understanding plant diversity. Henslow's use of illustrations on his course was groundbreaking, and he is credited with influencing Darwin's later theory of evolution.Prof Sam Brockington, curator of Cambridge University Botanic Garden, said that the course is designed to be an immersive program in botany, and that Henslow's approach to teaching botany is still relevant today.

The new HBO Max series Portobello had all the makings of a gripping drama: a charismatic TV host, a mind-controlled parrot, and allegations of mafia involvement. However, the show's pacing and tone leave much to be desired.Based on the true story of Enzo Tortora, the former host of Italy's top TV show, Portobello explores the intersection of celebrity, politics, and organized crime. The series' setting in the 1980s and its themes of false accusations and the power of the media are certainly relevant today.Despite its potential, the show's execution is wildly dull. The 72-minute first episode feels like a slog, and the period-authentic aesthetic, while well-intentioned, doesn't quite make up for the lack of tension or excitement. Even the bizarre subplot involving a mind-controlled parrot and its owner's obsession with Tortora can't seem to elevate the show's overall pace.The show's portrayal of the justice system is also noteworthy, highlighting the Kafkaesque experience faced by Tortora as he navigates the complexities of the law. However, this powerful theme is often overshadowed by the show's meandering pace and lack of dramatic tension.Ultimately, Portobello feels like a missed opportunity to create a compelling drama about a fascinating true story. While it may appeal to fans of character-driven dramas or those interested in Italian culture, others may find themselves checking their watches.

Manchester United has named their starting lineup for the crucial Women's Super League derby against city rivals Manchester City, with Tullis-Joyce in goal and an attacking lineup featuring Hinata and Schüller. The substitutes include Middleton-Patel, Rendell, George, Anderson, Rolfo, and Drury. Manchester City, currently sitting at the top of the league table, has also announced their team, with Yamashita between the sticks and a formidable attacking lineup featuring Hemp, Miedema, and Shaw. Their bench includes Keating, Combs, Fowler, Kerolin, Ouahabi, and several other options. The match, scheduled for 1:30pm GMT, represents a significant opportunity for both teams in the title race. Manchester City head coach Andree Jeglertz emphasized the unique intensity of derby matches: These games live their own lives. Because a derby in this city is always going to get 100% energised players from both teams at the beginning. It almost doesn't matter what tempo you start as your opponent will be ready. These games aren't determined by 15, 20 minutes. Definitely the longer the game goes, it can be a challenge but it's how the game turns out and what happens. City secured a convincing 3-0 victory in the previous derby in November, with goals from Rebecca Knaak, Khadija Shaw, and Lauren Hemp. Meanwhile, Manchester United is looking to bounce back from a 3-2 first-leg defeat against Bayern Munich in the Champions League. United's head coach, Marc Skinner, acknowledged the challenge posed by the league leaders: City are top of the league for a reason but we will take that challenge on. Once you accept that challenge, you can rise to a new level. This derby comes during a busy period for WSL teams, with multiple high-profile clashes across the league that could significantly impact the title race.

The UK is on the brink of a medicine shortage crisis, with experts warning that the country is just weeks away from feeling the effects of the ongoing conflict in Iran. The war has already disrupted the supply of essential raw materials, including oil, gas, crop fertiliser, and helium.The pharmaceutical industry, which relies heavily on imports, is particularly vulnerable to these disruptions. India, known as the 'pharmacy of the world', produces a significant proportion of generic drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used globally. However, with the Strait of Hormuz largely closed due to the conflict, the transportation of these vital supplies is becoming increasingly difficult.Medicine prices are also expected to rise as a result of the conflict. The US-Israel war on Iran has doubled air freight costs, which could make some medicines loss-making to supply to the NHS. While suppliers have long-term pricing agreements with NHS hospitals, they have more flexibility to increase prices for drugs supplied to GP practices and pharmacies.The UK's reliance on imported medicines is significant, with about half of its medicines produced domestically, a third coming from India, and another chunk from the EU. During the Covid pandemic, paracetamol and other painkillers were in short supply in Britain and elsewhere, as drugmakers in India struggled to keep up with demand.Medical distributors typically stock six to eight weeks of supplies to avoid shortfalls, but if the conflict drags on, drug shortages could emerge in only a few weeks' time. Experts warn that the overall ripple effect on the industry is significant, with the patient ultimately picking up the tab, either directly or via public health systems like the NHS.

England's experimental lineup for their international friendly against Uruguay ended in a 1-1 draw, a result that did little to alleviate concerns over the team's lack of chemistry and cohesion on the pitch.Manager Thomas Tuchel had indicated that his starting XI selection would be based on training ground performances, but the team's display at Wembley Stadium suggested that chemistry and teamwork were sorely lacking.The match was marked by a disappointing performance from England, with Phil Foden and Harry Maguire among the few players showing any semblance of form. The team's lack of rhythm and patterns on the pitch were evident, with Tuchel's tactics coming under scrutiny.Uruguay's Federico Valverde equalized from the penalty spot after Ben White gave England the lead with a late goal. The draw was a fair result given the lack of quality on display from both teams.The experimental nature of England's lineup, featuring second-choice players and youngsters, raised questions about Tuchel's strategy and the depth of talent available to him. With the World Cup looming, England's form and cohesion will be crucial to their success.

Apple’s Lockdown Mode: Four Years of Zero Successful BreachesAfter almost four years since its launch, Apple has confirmed a significant milestone in consumer cybersecurity: no user with Lockdown Mode enabled has been successfully hacked with mercenary spyware. In a statement to TechCrunch, Apple spokesperson Sarah O'Rourke confirmed that the company is not aware of any successful attacks against devices protected by this feature, representing a four-year streak of effectiveness against some of the most sophisticated state-sponsored hacking tools in existence.The Architecture of Resistance: How Lockdown Mode WorksLockdown Mode is an opt-in security feature designed to harden Apple devices against exploits that are typically used by state-sponsored actors. By restricting certain functionalities, the feature effectively shrinks the attack surface available to hackers.Feature Restrictions: It disables most message attachments and restricts WebKit features.Targeted Threats: It specifically counters exploits used by notorious spyware vendors like the NSO Group, Intellexa, and Paragon Solutions.Zero-Click Exploits: It blocks remote attack chains that do not require user interaction, such as zero-click exploits.Security experts, including Patrick Wardle, describe this as one of the most aggressive consumer-facing hardening features ever shipped. By eliminating entire delivery mechanisms, the feature forces spyware developers to use more complex and expensive techniques to bypass the defenses.The Zero-Breach MilestoneDespite Apple sending notifications to users in over 150 countries alerting them to potential hacking attempts, the data remains clear: Lockdown Mode has not been bypassed in any confirmed case. Independent investigations by organizations like Amnesty International and the University of Toronto’s Citizen Lab have corroborated Apple's findings.Independent Verification: Amnesty International's Donncha Ó Cearbhaill confirmed no evidence of successful compromise where Lockdown Mode was active.Active Blocking: Citizen Lab documented instances where Lockdown Mode actively blocked attacks from NSO's Pegasus and Predator spyware.Evasion Tactics: Some spyware variants have been observed to abort attacks entirely if Lockdown Mode is detected, likely to avoid detection by security researchers.Shifting the Burden of Defense to the ConsumerThe success of Lockdown Mode marks a pivotal shift in the cybersecurity landscape. Historically, high-end security was the domain of governments and large corporations. Apple is now effectively forcing the burden of defense onto the individual consumer.While the feature requires users to accept a trade-off in usability—such as extra steps for copying links or occasional confusing notifications—the data suggests the trade-off is worth it for high-risk targets. The feature has successfully neutralized the most common vectors used by mercenary spyware, rendering them ineffective against the vast majority of attackers.The Future of Digital HardeningLooking ahead, the success of Lockdown Mode sets a new standard for consumer device security. As spyware vendors adapt to this new reality, we can expect a cat-and-mouse game where attackers attempt to find new vulnerabilities. However, for the foreseeable future, Lockdown Mode remains the gold standard for protecting individuals from state-sponsored digital intrusion.

In a groundbreaking development, US President Donald Trump's signature will soon be featured on US currency as part of plans to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the country's Independence Day on July 4. This move, announced by the US Department of the Treasury on Thursday, marks a significant departure from tradition, as Trump becomes the first sitting president to have his signature on US banknotes.Currently, US banknotes, which come in denominations of $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100, feature the signatures of the Treasury secretary and the treasurer. The decision to include Trump's signature is seen as a recognition of his 'historic achievements,' according to US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, who noted that Trump has put the country on a path towards 'unprecedented economic growth' and 'fiscal strength and stability.'The economic growth under Trump has been largely in line with the post-pandemic trend overseen by his predecessor, Joe Biden. Specifically, US GDP grew 2.2 percent in 2025, slightly below the 2.5 percent average expansion from 2022-2024. This move has not been without criticism, with California Governor Gavin Newsom mocking the announcement, suggesting that Americans will now know exactly who to blame for rising costs of living expenses.This development comes on the heels of the US Commission of Fine Arts approving the minting of a commemorative gold coin bearing Trump's image, a move that also drew backlash. Critics have likened these actions to the behavior of dictators and monarchs. Trump, known for aggressively pushing his personal brand, has attached his name to various institutions and projects, including the John F Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts and an upcoming class of battle ships.

Kano’s bustling Sabon Gari Market has turned into a frontline for Nigeria’s growing e‑waste dilemma. Residents like Marian Shammah, a 34‑year‑old cleaner, purchase second‑hand refrigerators for as little as 50,000 naira (≈ $36), only to see them fail within weeks, forcing them back to the market for another replacement. For many Nigerians, imported used appliances are perceived as more durable than locally produced models, despite the fact that a substantial portion arrives already defective. UN data indicate that roughly 60,000 tonnes of used electronics reach Nigeria each year, with at least 15,700 tonnes damaged on arrival. A 2015‑2016 UN tracking study found that over 85 % of these imports originated from Germany, the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, China, the United States and Ireland. These shipments frequently breach the Basel Convention, the international treaty that restricts the export of hazardous e‑waste to countries with weaker environmental safeguards. Yet, exporters exploit loopholes—labeling cargo as “personal effects” or “for repair”—to evade thorough inspections. Health experts warn that the fallout is severe. E‑waste contains substances such as mercury, lead, and banned refrigerants (R‑12, R‑22) that persist in the environment for decades. Informal recyclers in Kano dismantle appliances without protective gear, inhaling toxic fumes and handling heavy metals, which leads to chronic respiratory problems, skin irritation, and even reproductive issues. A recent study by the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health linked these symptoms to long‑term toxic exposure among workers and nearby residents. Local medical professionals echo these concerns. Dr. Ushakuma Michael Anenga of the Benue State Teaching Hospital highlighted that heavy‑metal contamination and refrigerant gases jeopardize both respiratory and renal health, especially for children and pregnant women. Economically, the trade offers a false bargain. While a second‑hand fridge may cost half the price of a new unit, failures within months impose hidden costs—spoiled food, repeated purchases, and lost income for small business owners. Vendors such as Umar Hussaini admit that many items are sold “as is,” without warranties or functional testing, and that a significant share of imports arrive with faults. Nigeria’s regulatory body, the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), asserts that imports are permitted only when they meet strict functionality criteria. In practice, however, traders often declare goods as household items to bypass scrutiny, and enforcement remains uneven. Industry observers argue that the profit margins for exporters and local brokers—who capitalize on the price differential between costly recycling in Europe and high demand for affordable “tokunbo” goods in Nigeria—are driving the continued influx. Ibrahim Adamu of the NGO Ecobarter calls for reinforced border inspections and extended producer responsibility schemes to shift the financial burden of safe disposal back onto manufacturers. With estimates that up to three‑quarters of imported electronics may be essentially junk, the situation underscores a broader systemic issue: wealthy nations offload hazardous waste while developing economies bear the environmental and health consequences. Until comprehensive enforcement and international accountability mechanisms are established, Nigerian consumers like Shammah will remain caught between the need for affordable appliances and the risk of repeated loss.

Nepal's new prime minister, Balen Shah, has taken office after a landslide win in the recent elections. Shah, a rapper-turned-politician, leads the Rastriya Swatantra Party (RSP), which is expected to have a two-thirds majority in parliament. This mandate comes with high expectations from young Nepalis who drove the 2025 Gen Z protests against corruption, poor governance, and lack of accountability.The RSP, barely four years old, and Shah, with no prior political experience except as mayor of Kathmandu, have a historic opportunity to deliver on the aspirations of young Nepalis. However, analysts and voters warn that with this opportunity comes significant risks. Political analyst Bishnu Sapkota notes that expectations are enormous, and it may be unrealistic for Shah to fully meet them.One of Shah's immediate challenges will be implementing the findings of the Karki Commission, which investigated the killings and property damage during the Gen Z movement. The commission's report, submitted on March 8, 2026, is expected to be made public and implemented quickly. This will require careful management of political reactions and potentially difficult decisions.Another challenge Shah faces is the relationship between him and Rabi Lamichhane, the founder of the RSP. Lamichhane faces allegations of fraud, organized crime, and money laundering, and has previously served jail sentences. Experts describe their alliance as a 'marriage of convenience' and note that differences could emerge later.Shah's popularity was the main factor behind the RSP's success, and analysts suggest that he may end up having a stronger grip on the party than its president. RSP leader Shishir Khanal emphasizes that Shah will lead the government, while Lamichhane will lead the party, and both will have to face challenges and manage expectations on their own respective fronts.In the first 100 days, the RSP plans to prioritize anti-corruption measures, including investigations into the wealth of senior officials and politicians since 1990. These steps respond directly to the demands of last year's Gen Z protests. Gen Z activist Yujan Rajbhandari notes that the new government must prioritize good governance and protect civic freedoms, or face pushback from the same movement that enabled its rise.Shah's critics have questioned his diplomatic skills, citing past social media posts attacking Nepal's neighbors, including India and China. However, analyst Sapkota argues that Shah's lack of political baggage could allow Nepal to pursue a more independent diplomacy. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has already signaled a willingness to work with Nepal's new leadership, and Shah has emphasized the importance of maintaining close relations with India.