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Retatrutide Delivers Up to 28% Body‑Weight Reduction in Phase 3 StudyA new weight‑loss drug has helped participants in a sizable trial lose much more weight than other obesity drugs already on the market – up to an average of 28% of their body weight, Eli Lilly announced on Thursday. Phase 3 Trial Design and Dosing RegimenThe Indiana‑based company randomized 2,339 adults with obesity or overweight and at least one weight‑related comorbidity (no diabetes) to receive Retatrutide at 4 mg, 9 mg, 12 mg, or placebo for 80 weeks. The drug is a once‑weekly triple hormone receptor agonist targeting GLP‑1, GIP, and glucagon. Quantitative Outcomes and Safety ProfileAverage weight loss: 70.3 lb (28.3%) at the 12 mg dose.Average loss at 9 mg: 64.4 lb (25.9%).Average loss at 4 mg: 47.2 lb (19.0%).45.3% of 12 mg participants lost ≥30% of body weight.65.3% reduced BMI below 30; 37.5% of those starting with BMI ≥ 40 achieved this.Side‑effects increased with dose: nausea (28.6%‑42.4%), diarrhea (25.2%‑34.1%), vomiting (up to 25%).For comparison, Zepbound yields 15‑20% loss over 72 weeks and Wegovy 14‑19% over 64‑72 weeks. Implications for the Obesity‑Drug LandscapeThe magnitude of loss positions Retatrutide as the most effective pharmacologic option to date, potentially shifting prescriber preference away from existing GLP‑1 monotherapies. Its triple‑agonist mechanism adds glucagon, a hormone absent from current products, which may enhance metabolic control and appetite suppression. Future Outlook: Approval Path and Market PotentialAnalysts expect regulatory submissions within the next year, with a likely U.S. FDA review in 2027. If approved, Retatrutide could capture a sizable share of the rapidly expanding obesity‑treatment market, prompting competitors to explore multi‑agonist formulations.

The Lead: A Spring Showcase of Contrasting Pollination TacticsOn a sunny May morning along a former railway line, thousands of flowers display a startling range of pollination mechanisms—from the violent, explosive release of pollen in broom (Cytisus scoparius) to the precise, almost surgical delivery by white dead‑nettle (Lamium album) and the generous, pollinator‑free bounty of dandelions (Taraxacum officinale).Location: former railway line, May morningSpecies observed: broom, white dead‑nettle, dandelionPrimary pollinators: bumblebees, common carder beeBroom’s Explosive Pollen Release: Violence in the Keel PetalWhen a bumblebee lands on a broom flower it finds no nectar; the moment its abdomen contacts the keel petal, ten stamens and a coiled stigma burst free, slamming pollen onto the insect and delivering a “gut‑punch.” The trap is triggered in almost every flower, ensuring both pollen export and collection in a single, forceful act.Mechanism: explosive stamens and stigma releaseEffect on pollinator: brief contact, no nectar rewardOutcome: simultaneous pollen deposition and collectionWhite Dead‑Nettle’s Precise Pollen Transfer: Gentle EngineeringIn contrast, white dead‑nettle hides its stamens inside a hooded standard petal. A visiting common carder bee probes the flower’s throat for nectar; hidden stamens deposit a dab of pollen onto the bee’s thorax, which is later deposited on the next flower’s fork‑tipped stigma. The process is subtle, causing no apparent distress to the pollinator.Mechanism: concealed stamens within hooded petalPollinator interaction: gentle pollen placementResult: efficient cross‑pollination with minimal disturbanceDandelions’ Redundant Generosity: The Free Lunch for BeesDandelions produce abundant nectar and pollen but are apomictic, setting seed without fertilisation. For bumblebees the flowers are an “all‑you‑can‑eat” buffet, providing essential spring energy even though the plant does not rely on pollinators for reproduction.Reproductive strategy: apomixis (self‑seeded)Pollinator role: energy source, not required for seed setEcological benefit: supports pollinator populations during early seasonEcological Implications: Why Diverse Strategies MatterThe coexistence of violent, precise, and redundant pollination tactics illustrates the evolutionary arms race between plants and their visitors. Violent mechanisms like broom’s may deter less efficient pollinators, while gentle precision maximises pollen placement. Redundant generosity, as seen in dandelions, supports pollinator populations during scarce periods, indirectly sustaining ecosystem health.Evolutionary pressure: plant‑pollinator co‑adaptationCommunity impact: varied strategies sustain diverse pollinator assemblagesConservation insight: preserving a mix of pollination types benefits ecosystem resilienceLooking Ahead: Future Directions for Plant‑Pollinator CoevolutionAs climate change reshapes flowering phenology, the balance between these strategies could shift. Species that can both attract a wide range of pollinators and ensure successful fertilisation—whether through force, finesse, or self‑sufficiency—may gain a competitive edge, influencing future biodiversity patterns.Potential shift: altered timing of flower bloom and pollinator activityAdaptive advantage: flexible pollination mechanismsResearch focus: monitoring how climate impacts plant‑pollinator dynamics

The Lead: Japan's World Cup AmbitionsJapan have been late bloomers in terms of World Cups, only reaching the tournament for the first time in 1998 – but since then they have been at every edition. While they have never gotten past the last 16, their current crop of players is surely the most talented in the national side's history.Statement Victory: Japan's Rising International StatusJapan were the first team – outside the hosts – to qualify for the 2026 World Cup. The Samurai Blue have beaten Germany, Brazil, England and Spain since 2022. Their recent 1-0 win at Wembley against England in March, courtesy of a Kaoru Mitoma goal, sent a clear statement about their growing international prowess.Key Players: Mitoma's Absence and Kubo's PromiseJapan's preparations were dealt a blow with star player Kaoru Mitoma missing the tournament due to a hamstring injury. However, Japanese right-winger Takefusa Kubo has promised to fill the void. The 24-year-old has had a fantastic season at Real Sociedad, where he has tormented the best defences of La Liga and helped his side lift the Copa del Rey.Team Structure: Strong Backbone and Tactical FlexibilityWhile coach Hajime Moriyasu's side relish unleashing their attacking talent when possible, they can be pragmatic when needed – playing a low block and keeping things tight – and have a strong backbone. Former Arsenal defender Takehiro Tomiyasu has made the 26-man squad, despite not playing for the Samurai Blue for almost two years due to injuries. In midfield, Wataru Endo offers versatility alongside his leadership and defensive screening, while Daichi Kamada of Crystal Palace offers creativity in the middle of the park.Group Analysis: Path Through Group FJapan will surely qualify from Group F, with their opener against the Netherlands likely to be the stiffest test but also an opportunity to send a statement about their intentions. Tunisia and Sweden will probably not have enough quality to contain the Japanese, but the Blue Samurai certainly will not want to be getting complacent.Future Outlook: Breaking the Last 16 BarrierJapan may well break their last 16 hex – but the last eight will likely be as far as it goes for a side whose limitations will probably catch up with them. The psychological weight of so many last 16 exits is something the Blue Samurai will have to find a way to shrug off if they are to achieve greater success in 2026.Squad Breakdown: Key Names to KnowGoalkeepers: Zion Suzuki, Keisuke Osako, Tomoki Hayakawa.Defenders: Yuto Nagatomo, Shogo Taniguchi, Ko Itakura, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Takehiro Tomiyasu, Hiroki Ito, Ayumu Seko, Yukinari Sugawara, Junnosuke Suzuki.Midfielders: Wataru Endo, Junya Ito, Daichi Kamada, Ritsu Doan, Ao Tanaka, Kaishu Sano, Takefusa Kubo, Yuito Suzuki.Forwards: Daizen Maeda, Koki Ogawa, Ayase Ueda, Keito Nakamura, Kento Shiogai, Keisuke Goto.

The Squad Revelation Thomas Tuchel is set to announce England's 2026 World Cup squad. The big announcement comes at 9:45 am UK time. The Probable Squad David Hytner and Jacob Steinberg have done their analysis and made their predictions on the final 26. Here's their probable squad: Goalkeepers: Jordan Pickford Everton, Dean Henderson Crystal Palace, James Trafford Manchester City Defenders: Reece James Chelsea, Tino Livramento Newcastle, John Stones Manchester City, Marc Guéhi Manchester City, Ezri Konsa Aston Villa, Dan Burn Newcastle, Jarell Quansah Bayer Leverkusen, Nico O'Reilly Manchester City Midfielders: Jordan Henderson Brentford, Elliot Anderson Nottingham Forest, Declan Rice Arsenal, Kobbie Mainoo Manchester United, James Garner Everton, Jude Bellingham Real Madrid, Morgan Rogers Aston Villa Forwards: Bukayo Saka Arsenal, Noni Madueke Arsenal, Eberechi Eze Arsenal, Marcus Rashford Barcelona, Anthony Gordon Newcastle, Harry Kane Bayern Munich, Ollie Watkins Aston Villa, Ivan Toney Al-Ahli The Omissions Trent Alexander-Arnold has been omitted from the squad. Djed Spence has been included but reportedly broke his jaw after a collision with Liam Delap of Chelsea on Tuesday. Maguire was the first to go public about being left out, with the defender taking to social media to express disappointment over failing to make the cut. The most eye-catching omissions came in the attacking areas, with Foden and Palmer left out due to underwhelming seasons. The Surprising Inclusions Tuchel has been bold with his selections, notably turning to Toney for the first time in 12 months. The former Brentford striker, who now plays for Al-Ahli in Saudi Arabia, was part of England's squad at Euro 2024 but has not made an international appearance since coming on as a substitute in the friendly defeat by Senegal last June.

The LeadA friend of mine was recently left in tears after filling up the car she relies on to drive to work. Thanks to the US-Israeli attacks on Iran, prices at the pumps have soared. She wasn't sure how her family was going to make it to the next paycheck.It is a personal story and a distressing one, but the big picture is truly obscene. Fossil fuel companies are raking in monstrous, unearned war profits taken from the pockets of people like you, me, my friend, and any of us who fills up a vehicle or pays an energy bill.The War-Profits Bonanza$30m an hour: that's the pure, unearned profits banked by the world's top 100 oil and gas companies in the first month of the conflict in Iran, purely due to the spike in the oil price. Now the first numbers are in, and that $30m may have been a major underestimate.Shell's profit for the first three months of 2026 more than doubled to $6.9bn, as did BP's, to $3.2bn. TotalEnergies profits also surged by more than 50%, up to $5.8bn. Even in the Gulf itself, where the flow of oil through the strait of Hormuz has been heavily restricted, some companies have still flourished. Aramco, the state oil company of Saudi Arabia, saw its profits soar by 26% to $33.6bn in the first quarter.The Financial Impact on ConsumersThose four companies alone, benefiting not just from the oil price hike but also bumper oil-trading profits, made $23m an hour for the whole of January, February and March. And the Iran conflict only started on 28 February.To get some idea of the scale of this, imagine I gave you $6,200. What would you do? Pay off a loan? Book a fancy holiday? A second later, I give you another $6,200; then again, for hours, weeks and months. That is the rate of profit of just those four companies.There is plenty more to come for the industry. Oil and gas supplies will take months to return to prewar levels, and reserves are getting dangerously low. Even if the oil price remains at today's level of about $100 a barrel, those 100 companies will make $234bn by the end of the year. Remember, the companies, and petrostates such as Russia, have done no extra work for this, just ridden a soaring oil price. Also remember, you are paying for this. Where I live in the UK, household energy bills are about to jump by £209 ($280) a year for the average home.The Industry's Climate ObstructionThe profits are extreme, but not new: big oil and gas has been wildly profitable for decades. It has made an average $1tn a year in pure profit for about 50 years. The fossil fuel sector also benefits from explicit subsidies that totalled $1.3tn in 2022, according to the International Monetary Fund.These riches have funded the lobbying and campaigns that block climate action and have done so for years, long after the science became crystal clear. As an example of the consequences, the UK's official climate advisers said on Tuesday that all care homes and hospitals will need air conditioning within the coming 10 years, to stop the heat killing people.The Green Transition AccelerationBut here's that silver lining I promised: these peak profits contain the seeds of their own downfall. Sky-high fossil fuel prices are pushing people, companies and nations to supercharge their rush towards green power for the simple reason that it is now cheaper and more reliable. Solar power does not need to transit through the strait of Hormuz, as Bill McKibben has observed.The numbers on the surge in renewable energy deployment, already exponential, are not yet in, but they will almost certainly be huge. Green funds are already attracting billions of dollars in new investments and one consultancy estimates that an oil price of $100 a barrel will drive $4tn of extra green investment by 2030.Big oil remains a formidable political force but, on the ground, people are already voting with their feet. Sales of new electric cars in the UK leapt by 59% in April, for example. The pain and anger of today's energy crisis may yet become a critical turning point in confronting the climate crisis.

The Scale of Government WasteCancelled government projects cost taxpayers a staggering £6.6 billion in the past year alone, with money written off that achieved no intended objectives or created any value for the public, according to parliament's spending watchdog. The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) described successive governments' tendency to abandon projects after spending significant sums as a "particularly egregious" example of poor value for public money.Key Failed InitiativesAmong the most prominent cancelled projects were the Conservative government's Rwanda deportation scheme, which cost £290 million before being scrapped by the new Labour administration, and the planned A303 road tunnel under Stonehenge, which contributed to a £472 million loss for the Department for Transport. The Ministry of Defence emerged as one of the most wasteful departments, incurring a £1.6 billion loss through project cancellations in the 2024-25 tax year.Financial Impact AnalysisThe cross-party committee analyzed spending across 17 main government departments and identified several factors behind the financial losses:Write-offs and debts no longer being pursuedDepartments cancelling or retiring assetsFraud, particularly in the Department for Work and PensionsCompensation schemes reaching £73.4 billion by the end of the last financial yearThe Department for Work and Pensions reported £9.3 billion in overpayments due to fraud and errors that have persisted for 36 years.Governance and Accountability ConcernsThe PAC deputy chair, Labour MP Clive Betts, characterized the high costs as a sign of government "complacency," stating that hard-working taxpayers should be "rightly aggravated" by the figure. The committee rejected the argument that high levels of fraud and waste are simply "the cost of doing business in the public sector," instead labeling them "the cost of complacency." James Bowler, the Treasury's permanent secretary, acknowledged that write-offs could occur with changes in government and differing objectives, suggesting a "value for money trade-off" in project completion decisions.Future Outlook on Government SpendingThe report calls for urgent action to reduce fraud and improve value for money in government programs. The Treasury has stated it "will never tolerate fraud, error or waste" and emphasized that the government ended the Rwanda scheme and cancelled unaffordable road projects to "protect the public finances." With public finances under increasing scrutiny, the findings are likely to intensify demands for greater accountability and more rigorous project planning before major initiatives receive approval and funding.

The LeadAt this time of year a sinister-looking substance can often be sighted around Britain's coast: a frothy foam piled up along the shoreline or appearing in long ribbons offshore. People sometimes assume this foam is the result of pollution or sewage dumping. In fact it is a common natural phenomenon produced by a combination of algae and weather.The Science Behind Sea FoamSea algae start to grow in April as conditions warm. The most common sort, phaeocystis, is not toxic and forms part of the marine food chain. When the algal bloom dies it leaves a brown scum of organic material with surfactant properties, which, like soap, lowers the surface tension of the water.Formation of Coastal FoamThese natural surfactants create foam when the water is disturbed. Breaking waves churn up the water and produce yellowish-brown foam along the shoreline. This may be so abundant that fragments blow about like thistledown.Wind Patterns and Foam LinesWind blowing over the sea creates rotating horizontal cylinders of water, like submerged rolling pins. These rotating currents, known as Langmuir circulation, push water downward at one point and up in another. Sea foam gathers in long parallel lines in the calm sections, known as windrows, foam lines, or drift lines.Understanding the Appearance and SmellSea foam may look unnatural, as well as unsightly, and it sometimes smells foul. But it is generally natural and harmless.

Welbeck and Seagulls Push for Europe Brighton must overcome Manchester United on the final day to secure a place in Europe for the second time in their history. Danny Welbeck could be key against his former club, having enjoyed his most prolific season with 13 league goals. The Battle for the Wooden Spoon Burnley and Wolves face off in a match that will determine which team finishes 19th and receives £2m in prize money. Both teams have had a disappointing season, but a win for either side could move them off the bottom of the table. A Carnival Atmosphere at Selhurst Park Crystal Palace host Arsenal in a match that promises to be a celebration of the Gunners' Premier League title. Manchester City's failure to beat Bournemouth means that Arsenal can now focus on their upcoming Conference League match. Fulham in Mendes Merry-Go-Round? Could this be Marco Silva's final match in charge of Fulham? The manager has been linked with Benfica, and his departure could trigger a series of moves involving other top players. Liverpool Exits and a Return Liverpool host Brentford in a match that will see several players say goodbye to Anfield. Mohamed Salah and Andy Robertson are among those departing, while Jordan Henderson returns to the stadium with his new club. The Manchester City Farewells Manchester City's final match of the season will see Pep Guardiola and several key players say goodbye to the club. The team has dominated English football for over a decade, and their departure will be felt across the league.

The latest analysis by Cancer Research UK reveals that melanoma, the most serious form of skin cancer, hit a historic high in the United Kingdom last year, with 20,980 diagnoses in 2022. Experts warn that without stronger prevention measures, annual cases could climb to 26,500 by 2040, coinciding with hotter summers and an ageing demographic. Record Melanoma Diagnoses in 2022 For the first time, UK melanoma cases have exceeded the 20,000 mark. The surge reflects broader trends in skin‑cancer incidence and underscores the urgency of public‑health interventions. Projected Growth to 26,500 Cases by 2040 Forecasted annual cases for 2040: 26,500 Increase of 23% among men Increase of 26% among women Drivers: ageing population, higher UV exposure, and lifestyle factors Public Health Implications Amid Heatwave Alerts Heat health alerts have been issued for the upcoming bank‑holiday weekend, with temperatures expected to reach up to 30°C in parts of England. Elevated UV levels amplify the risk of sunburn and, consequently, melanoma development, especially for vulnerable groups. Preventive Strategies and Policy Recommendations Key voices—including Michelle Mitchell, CEO of Cancer Research UK, and Prof Peter Johnson, NHS England’s national clinical director for cancer—stress the importance of: Seeking shade during peak sun hours Wearing protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses Applying broad‑spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and reapplying regularly Promptly consulting a GP about new or changing moles, sores, or skin patches Outlook for Sun Safety and Cancer Prevention If the public adopts these preventive measures, the rise in melanoma cases could be mitigated despite demographic pressures and hotter summers. Ongoing education, stronger sunscreen regulations, and targeted campaigns during heatwaves are likely to shape the trajectory of skin‑cancer incidence in the UK over the next two decades.