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The conflict between Iran, the US, and Israel has taken a devastating toll on civilians, with widespread destruction and displacement reported across the country.At the Kapıköy border crossing in eastern Turkey, a mountain pass that serves as one of the few gateways to the west from Iran, many Iranians are fleeing the country due to the intensifying conflict.Amir, a 33-year-old foreign exchange and cryptocurrency trader from Tehran, is one of them. He described the nightly bombardments and said, 'Every night they are bombarding. Boom. Because of the war.'Others, like a pharmacologist from Tehran, are traveling to see their families in Europe, citing anxiety and frustration with the current situation. 'All of the people live with anxiety,' she said. 'We are very tired of the revolution of [the] Islamic republic of Iran.'The UN refugee agency reports that close to 64,000 Iranians arrived in Turkey between March 3 and 30, while more than 48,000 Iranian nationals returned to Iran.The International Organization for Migration estimates that more than 82,000 residential units have been hit by the US and Israeli strikes, affecting 180,000 people.Many at the Kapıköy border point expressed fear and uncertainty about the future, with some saying they were waiting to see what the outcome would be before making a decision.The conflict has had a significant impact on the economy, with part-government-owned corporations ordering people back to work and many businesses forced to close.As the situation continues to deteriorate, many are seeking safety abroad, while others are returning to Iran to be with their families.

Friko, the Chicago‑based indie outfit, is gearing up for the launch of their second LP, Something Worth Waiting For, slated for 24 April. The record, described as a “radiant ramble” through modern indie rock, reflects the band’s recent touring experiences and explores themes of yearning, growth, and stability.The lead single, "Choo Choo", bursts with a road‑trip vibe, pairing vocalist‑guitarist Niko Kapetan’s urgent, quavering delivery with guitarist Korgan Robb’s atmospheric riffs. Critics note a vocal timbre reminiscent of Modest Mouse’s Isaac Brock and Sparks’ Russell Mael, while the track’s lyrical nods to classic American road food add a playful, homespun charm.Since their 2024 debut Where We’ve Been, Where We Go From Here, Friko has expanded from a duo (Kapetan and drummer Bailey Minzenberger) to a full four‑piece, adding Robb and touring bassist David Fuller. The new album also benefits from the touch of Grammy‑winning producer John Congleton, known for work with Mannequin Pussy, The Mountain Goats, and St Vincent. His influence shines on the Bowie‑esque chamber‑pop ballad "Seven Degrees", underscoring the group’s evolving sound.In addition to the album news, the Guardian’s weekly Add to Playlist roundup spotlights a curated selection of fresh tracks. Highlights include Wallis’s techno‑laden “Biscuit,” Beth Orton’s intense “The Ground Above,” Toronto pop‑star Chxrry’s catchy “Hall of Fame,” and a collaborative anti‑immigrant‑detention compilation track by Wendy Eisenberg’s trio Darlin’. The list also features Jeff Parker’s hopeful “Like Swimwear (Part One)”, a dubstep‑rap hybrid “Duro” from Skrillex and Young Miko, and Cass McCombs’s garage‑rock anthem “Seeing the Elephant”.Listeners can stream the full playlist on Spotify, Apple Music, Tidal, or other services, ensuring the week’s most inventive indie and electronic releases are just a click away.

Coordinated strikes by United States and Israeli forces hit Tehran, Isfahan and several other Iranian cities on Tuesday, prompting widespread power outages and extensive damage to civilian sites. The Ministry of Energy confirmed that shrapnel from the raids ruptured a primary power‑transfer line, but the outage was restored within a few hours. Among the most critical targets was the Tofigh Darou pharmaceutical complex in the Karaj industrial zone. The facility, which supplies over 90% of Iran’s domestically produced medicines—including cancer and multiple‑sclerosis treatments—sustained heavy damage from multiple projectiles. In central Iran, Isfahan endured a barrage of heavy bunker‑buster bombs over a nearby mountainous area, likely aimed at military installations. The explosions triggered secondary blasts that illuminated the night sky and produced reverberating shockwaves across the city. North‑west of Tehran, in Zanjan, a building identified as the administrative department of the Hosseinieh Azam religious centre was struck, resulting in at least four fatalities and several injuries. Iranian authorities now claim that more than 2,000 people have been killed by US‑Israeli attacks since the conflict erupted on 28 February, with residential blocks, schools, hospitals and historic sites also affected. Additional targets this week included civilian nuclear facilities, major steel producers, petrochemical plants, and the Iran University of Science and Technology, where an imaging satellite was developed. A professor linked to Iran’s missile programme and his two children were assassinated at their home in northern Tehran. U.S. President Donald Trump reiterated threats to strike Iran’s oil and gas infrastructure, power plants and water‑desalination facilities. Despite the onslaught, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) continues to project defiance. A spokesperson for the Khatam al‑Anbiya Central Headquarters declared that Tehran’s adversaries are “humiliated and on the path of destruction,” while senior commander Ali Fadavi warned that American warships are vulnerable and allegedly transmit false transponder signals. The IRGC also released footage of ballistic missiles aimed at Israel and surrounding nations, and claimed to have downed two U.S. MQ‑9 Reaper drones, promising retaliatory strikes against technology firms linked to the United States and Israel. Domestically, the judiciary announced the execution of two members of the foreign‑based Mojahedin‑e‑Khalq (MEK) group, labeling them terrorists. This follows a series of recent executions tied to the January protests and broader dissent. Authorities also issued new indictments against roughly 200 individuals accused of assisting the U.S. and Israel, including alleged “mercenaries” who disseminated strike footage abroad. Penalties for national‑security offenses now encompass asset confiscation and capital punishment. President Masoud Pezeshkian convened his first cabinet meeting since the war’s onset in a makeshift, blue‑covered space, emphasizing that any peace negotiations will safeguard Iran’s “dignity, security and national interests.” Israel’s Channel 14 reported that Pezeshkian sought greater negotiating leverage with the United States, a request allegedly rebuffed by IRGC chief Ahmad Vahidi.

A recent study published in Nature Communications by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) has sounded the alarm on the precarious state of Britain's native species. The merlin, Britain's smallest bird of prey, is among more than 200 species that could become extinct in the UK if immediate action is not taken to address climate change and unsustainable land use. The study, led by senior ecologist Dr. Rob Cooke, indicates that the next 20 years will be decisive in determining the fate of dozens of native species. By 2050, the British Isles, already one of the most nature-depleted regions in the world, may reach an ecological "point of no return." The researchers modeled six future scenarios with varying levels of greenhouse gas emissions and land management practices. The worst-case scenario, which involves environmentally damaging agricultural and urban intensification and 4C of global heating above pre-industrial levels, could lead to the extinction of 196 plant species, 31 bird species, and seven butterfly species in Britain. This represents losses at more than three times the historical extinction rate. In such a scenario, many areas of the country could lose up to 20% of their existing local species. The merlin, mountain ringlet and large heath butterflies, as well as plants like burnt orchid, grass-of-Parnassus, and Alpine gentian, are among those at risk of being lost. However, the study also offers a glimmer of hope. If society adopts more sustainable climate and land use policies, 69 fewer species could become extinct compared to the worst-case scenario. This underscores the critical importance of immediate action to curb emissions and adopt sustainable practices to protect Britain's biodiversity.

The UK's food self-sufficiency has been on a downward trend, falling from 78% in 1984 to 62% in 2024. This decline is largely attributed to the loss of farmland to non-farming uses such as buildings, roads, and conservation schemes. To address this issue, experts suggest that increasing food production on UK farms is crucial. However, promoting a more plant-based diet, while beneficial for health and environmental reasons, may not necessarily use fewer resources than traditional livestock farming. Beef cattle and sheep are often raised on extensively managed grasslands and mountain heath, which account for 38% of the UK's land area. This land receives minimal fertilizer and chemicals, and the animals are primarily fed on grazed and conserved grass. To improve food security, individuals can make a difference by making informed choices when shopping and cooking. Opting for local, organic, animal-friendly, and fairtrade products can contribute to a more sustainable food system. Additionally, growing one's own food, using seasonal products, and supporting local ventures can also help. Experts emphasize that it is essential to utilize the UK's existing food production resources efficiently, rather than wasting them on unsustainable practices. By adopting a more sustainable approach to food production and consumption, the UK can work towards a more secure food future.

Tom Pidcock, a two-time Olympic cross-country mountain bike champion, has been withdrawn from the Volta a Catalunya due to injuries sustained in a dramatic crash during the fifth stage on Friday. The British rider, competing for Pinarello-Q36.5, misjudged a corner on a descent and tumbled down a ravine in what he described as a 'horror' crash.Despite managing to get back on his bike and complete the stage, medical assessments revealed significant injuries, including likely bone and ligament damage to his right knee and wrist. As a result, it was decided that Pidcock could not continue the race.“Due to his crash he suffered injuries, most likely bone and ligament damage in particular to his right knee and also right wrist,” said Lorenz Emmert, Pinarello-Q36.5’s chief medical team doctor. “Unfortunately we had to make the decision to take him out of the race. Further clinical evaluation and imaging will follow in the next days additionally to the already-initiated healing process.”Pidcock reflected on the incident, stating: “I was drinking on the descent and misjudged a corner. I overshot it and went down the ravine. It was like one of these horror crashes you see, but I’m very lucky that I am OK.” He added that he will focus on recovery and aims to return to competition soon.

In a groundbreaking experiment conducted in Colorado's Rocky Mountain meadows, scientists heated a patch of land by 2C for 29 years. The results are alarming: the area transformed from a lush, diverse grassland into a desert-like scrubland dominated by sagebrush. This 'shrubification' process, driven by rising temperatures, threatens the very existence of alpine grasslands worldwide.The experiment, conducted at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, involved warming five plots of 30 sq meters each by 2C using electric infrared radiators. The results showed a 150% increase in shrubs in warmed plots compared to those without heating. The surface soil dried by up to 20%, and shallow-rooted plants became stressed, leading to the extinction of some wildflowers.The implications extend far beyond Colorado. Alpine grasslands, which host 50% of European flora on just 3% of land, are particularly vulnerable. As temperatures rise, these ecosystems are likely to be irrevocably changed, leading to a loss of biodiversity. The phenomenon of 'shrubification' is not limited to mountain environments; it's also observed in Arctic landscapes, where shrub cover expanded by 2.2% each decade between 1984 and 2020.Conservation ecologists warn that while shrubs and trees bring benefits like shelter and carbon sequestration, their rapid expansion in cold environments is a symptom of climate change. The speed and scale of these changes are concerning, with potential knock-on impacts on the carbon cycle and ecosystem balance.As Lara Souza, lead researcher, notes, 'It's like flowers on steroids.' However, this vision of abundance is tinged with sadness at the prospect of irreversible changes to fragile landscapes. The future of these ecosystems, and many others like them, hangs in the balance as global temperatures continue to rise.

Tracy Kidder, an award-winning narrative nonfiction writer, has passed away at the age of 80. Kidder was known for his ability to transform unlikely subjects into bestsellers, captivating readers with his in-depth research and storytelling skills. Throughout his career, Kidder immersed himself in various worlds, producing richly researched books on topics that may not have seemed like light reading. His work included The Soul of a New Machine, which explored the inner workings of a fledgling computer company in Silicon Valley and earned him the Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award in 1981. Kidder's other notable works include Among Schoolchildren, which highlighted the dedication of an inner-city teacher in Holyoke, Massachusetts, and Old Friends, which chronicled the lives of two friends in a nursing home. His book Mountains Beyond Mountains, about a doctor's efforts to bring healthcare to Haiti, introduced his work to a new generation of readers and inspired numerous universities to add it to their reading lists. Kidder's approach to storytelling was rooted in his belief that small things can have a significant impact. He avoided focusing on his personal interests, such as fishing or baseball, to maintain his objectivity and enthusiasm for his subjects. Kidder saw himself as a storyteller, not a 'literary journalist' or 'creative nonfiction' writer, and believed that nonfiction should not be limited by traditional techniques. Born in New York City in 1945, Kidder attended Harvard University and served in Vietnam, where he documented his experiences in My Detachment, a memoir that offered insights into the lives of support troops.

A second set of mountain gorilla twins has been born in Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), marking what conservationists are calling an extraordinary event for these endangered primates.Just two months after twin mountain gorillas were discovered by rangers in the Virunga massif in eastern DRC, another rare twin birth has been found by park wardens. This time, an infant male and female have been spotted in the Baraka family, a troop of 19 mountain gorillas that roam the region's high-altitude rainforests.Park rangers have placed the young primates under additional monitoring to help them through the critical initial months, as the infants face significant challenges to becoming fully grown adults. Twins are extremely rare in mountain gorillas, accounting for less than 1% of births, and place extra demands on the mother.The gorilla subspecies, found in only two isolated pockets of the Virunga massif and the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in southwest Uganda, has high rates of infant mortality, with about a quarter falling victim to disease, trauma or infanticide.In January, Virunga National Park announced that a female mountain gorilla called Mafuko had given birth to twins. The infant males are now 11 weeks old and said to be thriving, with other gorillas in the troop taking extra care of the mother to support her caregiving, according to rangers. Park authorities believe that twin births are more likely when females are in particularly good physical condition.Jacques Katutu, the head of gorilla monitoring at Virunga, said: "Two instances of twin births within three months is an extraordinary event and provides another vital indicator that dedicated conservation efforts, which have continued despite the current instability in eastern Congo, continue to support the growth of the endangered mountain gorilla population within Virunga National Park."Specialist veterinary care has played a leading role in the revival of the subspecies. In Rwanda, Uganda and the DRC, organizations such as the Gorilla Doctors have prevented dozens of deaths by helping animals affected by human behavior, such as by releasing gorillas accidentally caught in poachers' traps. One study attributes half of the mountain gorillas' population increase to the vets.Barely 250 mountain gorillas were left in the 1970s, and many thought the animals faced extinction. Decades of intense conservation work helped population numbers surpass 1,000 in 2018, and conservation authorities have since downgraded the subspecies' status from critically endangered to endangered.The DRC section of the Virunga mountain range remains one of the most dangerous places in the world for wildlife rangers. Over the past 20 years, more than 220 rangers have been killed in the park, where rebel groups such as M23 and other militias, as well as bandits, operate with impunity.