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The Link Between Prenatal PFAS Exposure and PMOS New research for the first time links prenatal exposure to PFAS “forever chemicals” with the development of polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) later in life. Understanding PMOS and Its Prevalence PMOS, formerly known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is estimated to impact about 13% of women. Many cases are undiagnosed, and the disease’s cause largely remains a mystery. The Study's Findings The new peer-reviewed study, led by Harvard University, looked at about 325 mother-daughter pairs and found that mothers with higher PFAS levels in their blood during pregnancy were more likely to have a daughter with PMOS and moderate-to-severe acne by their later teenage years. The Data Analysis Teens with mothers who had higher levels of the PFAS compounds in their blood at birth were 2.3 to 2.7 times more likely to develop PMOS or acne later in life. A correlation was found between the disease and elevated levels of the N-EtFOSAA compound, which is widely found in stain guards, pesticides, water repellents for textiles, or as coatings for paper products. The Impact Analysis The findings suggest chemical exposure may be a main driver of the disease, the authors say, though they stressed that more research is needed. The paper builds on studies that previously linked PFAS to PMOS, and a range of hormonal and developmental problems. The Prediction “It’s not just PFOA and PFOS that we’re worried about – it’s the precursors and all the chemicals along the way,” said Tasha Stoiber, a senior scientist with the Environmental Working Group non-profit who reviewed the study, but was not an author. Mothers can protect themselves by avoiding stain guards, and checking with textile or clothing producers to ensure that their waterproof products are free from PFAS.

The Lead: Venice's New Mayor Seeks Aggressive Overtourism Control Venice's newly elected mayor, Simone Venturini, has announced plans to raise the controversial entrance fee for day-trippers to as much as €50 (£43) in an effort to manage overtourism during peak periods. The rightwing former tourism councillor, who was elected in late May, believes the increased fee will help find a "new balance between the needs of residents, workers and visitors" in the UNESCO World Heritage city. The Event Details: Proposed Fee Structure and Implementation Venturini revealed that the council is studying a proposal to present to the national government seeking permission to increase the entrance fee "on certain days and when specific booking thresholds are exceeded." The mayor had pledged during his election campaign to raise the fee to between €30 and €50, depending on the dates. The current system requires visitors to pay the fee online and receive a QR code that must be presented to stewards at the city's main entrance points, such as Venezia Santa Lucia train station. Overnight visitors, tourists from the wider Veneto region, and children under 14 are exempt from the fee, though overnight visitors must still register their presence. The Data Analysis: Financial Impact and Current Fee Structure Although the entrance fee scheme has had little impact on overall visitor numbers, it has proven financially successful. In its first year (2024), the fee generated €2.4 million for the city's coffers—significantly more than expected. The initiative has expanded each year, covering 29 peak dates in 2024, 54 dates in 2025, and now 60 dates in 2026. The fee structure has also evolved, with last-minute day-trippers being charged double the standard rate. Venturini emphasized that the funds generated would be used "to finance city services and support the maintenance and protection of a unique city, built on water, whose costs exceed €100m each year." The Impact Analysis: Venice's Battle Against Overtourism Venice became the first tourist city in the world to charge people to enter when it introduced the €5 fee in 2024. The move represents a significant shift in how cities approach tourism management, particularly UNESCO World Heritage sites struggling with overtourism. The fee is described by Venturini as "currently the only effective tool to control daily visitor numbers" in the city. The impact extends beyond just financial considerations. Venice, with its unique infrastructure built on water, faces extraordinary maintenance costs and environmental challenges from high tourist volumes. The increased fee represents an attempt to generate revenue while potentially discouraging the most casual visitors during peak periods, though its effectiveness in actually reducing crowds remains to be seen. The Prediction: Future of Tourism Management in Venice As Venice continues to grapple with the challenges of balancing tourism preservation with resident quality of life, the proposed fee increase may signal a new direction for the city's tourism strategy. If approved, the higher fees could generate additional revenue while potentially reshaping visitor patterns, though the city will likely continue to seek innovative solutions to manage its delicate ecosystem. Other overtourism-plagued cities worldwide will be watching Venice's experiment closely, as it may provide a model for managing tourism at fragile heritage sites. The success of this approach could influence similar policies in cities facing comparable challenges, potentially marking a new era in sustainable tourism management.

The Rise of Henry Pollock As Henry Pollock idly plays with the straggly end of his blond rat’s tail on a sunny day in Northampton, he looks wholly at ease. There are more microphones in front of him than anyone else, but that’s fine. Exeter are preparing to hit him with everything they can muster, but that’s fine too. If you’re aspiring to stand out from the crowd, it’s all part of the deal. Pollock's Journey to the Premiership Final English rugby’s most exuberant young talent has been catching up fast ever since: two tries in Cardiff on his full England debut, a British & Irish Lions tour to Australia, a Champions Cup final. For a 21-year-old, it is a striking CV. But securing a Prem title alongside his best mates and then taking down the world champion Springboks in Johannesburg on 4 July really would allow him to live out his childhood dreams. The Mental Approach Pollock has been using visualisation techniques to make himself even more effective in the split-second moments that separate great players from the merely good. “I visualise moments in games: what I’m going to do next, whether I am going to go for a jackal or leave it or talk to the referee. The Impact on Northampton Saints The kinship within the current Saints’ squad is so strong, however, that stopping them will not be easy. “We are such good friends off the pitch,” stresses Pollock. With his pace, skills, and mental approach, he could be a key player for Saints and England. The Future Outlook Do the same against Exeter, who will also be looking to come hard at him, and Steve Borthwick will be left with vanishingly few reasons not to start him for England this summer. Whether he is roaming free, winning clearouts, catching lineouts or his energetic support running, the fresh prince of Franklin’s Gardens has the full range of tools. All he needs is slightly more top-end experience and, on occasions, a touch more maturity.

The Clash Between Fossil Fuel Revenue and Player WelfareClimate activists, including former and current professional athletes, are mounting a significant challenge to FIFA's commercial strategy, specifically targeting the oil giant Saudi Aramco as the tournament's exclusive energy sponsor. The core argument centers on a perceived conflict of interest: by accepting funding from the world's largest corporate carbon emitter, FIFA is undermining its own mandate to safeguard player welfare in an increasingly volatile climate. Former English footballer David Wheeler argues that sport has the power to inspire billions and that FIFA is failing to use this influence to address the climate crisis effectively.Global Protests Targeting Major StadiumsThis Sunday, a coordinated Day of Action will see protesters gather at or near four 2026 World Cup stadiums and seven other major sporting arenas across North America. The demonstrations aim to draw attention to the broader issue of "sportswashing" and demand an end to fossil fuel sponsorships. Key locations for the protests include SoFi Stadium in Los Angeles and Hard Rock Stadium in Miami, with additional demonstrations planned in New Jersey, Seattle, and Dallas.Protest Locations: SoFi Stadium (LA), Hard Rock Stadium (Miami), MetLife Stadium (NJ), Lumen Field (Seattle), AT&T; Stadium (Dallas).Targeted Organizations: FIFA, Major League Baseball teams, and Portland Timbers.Supporting Groups: Sierra Club, Third Act, Hip Hop Caucus.Heat Risks and Climate DataThe urgency of the protests is underscored by climate data indicating that this year's tournament will likely be the hottest since the competition began nearly a century ago. Research by Climate Central reveals that nearly all 2026 host stadiums are experiencing more extreme heat during June and July than they did during previous North American World Cups. Activists argue that fossil fuel companies like Aramco are directly responsible for this warming trend, which forces players to compete in dangerous conditions.The Future of Sports SponsorshipsFIFA has defended its partnership with Aramco, stating that sponsorship revenues are reinvested into the game and that the organization values its commercial partners. However, the activists' message signals a growing trend where environmental and human rights concerns are increasingly clashing with traditional sports revenue models. As the world grapples with the physical realities of climate change, the pressure on sporting bodies to align their commercial interests with sustainability goals is expected to intensify, potentially reshaping the landscape of global sports marketing.

Group Stage Highlights Day 8 of the World Cup saw significant matches that shaped the standings in various groups. Canada and Mexico, both hosting the prestigious tournament, demonstrated their prowess on the field. Canada Tops Group Canada's national team showcased exceptional skill, securing the top spot in their group. Their performance was a testament to their preparation and teamwork, delighting the home crowd. Mexico's Strong Performance Mexico also made a significant impact, leading their group with a series of impressive matches. Their success was a highlight of the day, boosting their chances in the tournament. Impact on the Tournament The victories for Canada and Mexico not only thrilled their fans but also set the stage for the next round of matches. The World Cup continues to captivate audiences worldwide with its unpredictable nature and exciting gameplay. Looking Ahead As the tournament progresses, all eyes will be on these top-performing teams to see if they can maintain their momentum. The World Cup is known for its surprises, and fans are eagerly anticipating the upcoming matches.

Crucial World Cup Showdown in SeattleWith only one round of games completed in Group D, both the United States and Australia have the opportunity to secure their places in the World Cup 2026 knockout stages when they meet in Seattle on Friday (19:00 GMT). After a convincing 4-1 victory over Paraguay in their opening match, the USMNT can potentially even clinch top spot in the group with a match to spare should they overcome the Socceroos.Australia, however, presents a significant challenge after their stunning 2-0 counterattacking victory over Turkiye in their first match. The outcome of this showdown, combined with the later match between Paraguay and Turkiye, will determine the qualification scenarios for both teams.Pulisic's Calf Injury Raises ConcernsUSMNT talisman Christian Pulisic's availability for the Australia match is in question after he picked up a left calf injury in training before the opening game against Paraguay. Despite the injury, Pulisic started against Paraguay and played a crucial role in the team's victory, setting up the opening goal and providing the assist for the second.The 27-year-old AC Milan playmaker did not reappear after halftime in the Paraguay match, and while he joined the team huddle during training on Thursday with his calf still strapped, he did not participate in the session, opting instead for gym work with backroom staff.Coach Mauricio Pochettino acknowledged Pulisic's ongoing recovery: "He's evolving. He's much better from Friday. We'll see. If we see he's not available, he will be available for the next game." Pochettino praised Pulisic's determination: "I think Christian is strong and with great mentality and is doing a fantastic effort to try to be ready as soon as possible."Qualification Scenarios on the LineShould the United States defeat Australia, they would guarantee their place in the Round of 32 with six points. A win, combined with either a draw or a Paraguay victory in the later match between Turkiye and Paraguay, would secure first place in Group D for the Americans.The finishing positions in the group stage are determined first by points, then by head-to-head results between teams level on points, with goal difference only used to separate teams that drew against each other.The winners of Group D will face a third-place finisher from Groups B, E, F, I or J in the San Francisco Bay Area Stadium on July 1, with potential opponents including Bosnia, Ecuador, Sweden, Norway or Algeria.Replacement Options if Pulisic Misses OutIf Pulisic is ruled out, Pochettino has several options to replace the influential playmaker. Folarin Balogun is certain to lead the attack after his double against Paraguay, making him the first USMNT player to score multiple goals at a World Cup since 1930.Giovanni Reyna, who came on as a substitute against Paraguay and scored a beautiful trivela in stoppage time, could feature more prominently, though he has not played more than 60 minutes in a match for club or country since December. Timothy Weah, who made an impact after replacing Sergino Dest, could be inserted on the right or as support for Balogun.Sebastian Berhalter replaced Pulisic against Paraguay and adds valuable set-piece capabilities to the team. Other options include Leeds United's Brenden Aaronson or Club America's Alejandro Zendejas, though neither has been a favorite for Pochettino recently.Australia's Young Star Making HistoryAustralia's hopes rest partly on 20-year-old Nestory Irankunda, who made history in their opening match against Turkiye. Irankunda became Australia's youngest World Cup scorer with a goal after 27 minutes, and also became the first overseas-born Australian to find the net on the World Cup stage.After his parents fled civil war in Burundi to a Tanzanian refugee camp, Irankunda was born there in 2006 before moving to Australia as an infant. He came through the youth system at Adelaide United before earning a surprise move to Bayern Munich in 2024.Though he failed to make a first-team appearance at Bayern, he trained with world-class players including Harry Kane. After a loan spell at Grasshopper Zurich, he moved to English side Watford, where he played 42 games in the Championship, scoring four times and adding five assists.Australia's Path to Knockout StagesLike the United States, Australia can secure qualification with a victory in Seattle. A win, coupled with either a draw between Turkiye and Paraguay or a Turkiye win, would ensure first place in Group D with a game to spare.Regardless of the results in their final group match, Australia would finish above Turkiye on head-to-head results, which take precedence over goal difference in this competition. The Socceroos will be looking to build on their defensive resilience against Turkiye, which limited the Turkish side despite their dominance in possession.

The Lead The World Cup continues with several crucial matches on June 19, including a highly anticipated encounter between the USA and Australia. Both teams won their opening fixtures and are looking to secure a top spot in Group D. USA v Australia The USA and Australia are set to face off in Seattle. The match kicks off at 3 pm ET and will be broadcast on Fox and Telemundo in the United States, with streaming options available on Fubo. In Canada, TSN will air the match, while in the UK, BBC will have the coverage. The USA dominated Paraguay in their opening match, while Australia secured a win against Turkey. This match could go a long way in determining who finishes top of Group D and secures a theoretically easier route through the knockout rounds. Player to watch: Folarin Balogun, USA – the Monaco striker bagged a brace against Paraguay and will be key in breaking down the Australian defense. Scotland v Morocco Scotland and Morocco will clash in Boston at 6 pm ET. The match will be broadcast on Fox and Telemundo in the United States, with TSN covering in Canada, and ITV and STV in the UK. Scotland will look to build on their opening performance against Morocco, who drew with Brazil. Morocco demonstrated their potential with a strong display against Brazil and could make a statement win against Scotland. Player to watch: Ayyoub Bouaddi, Morocco – The 18-year-old controlled the middle of the pitch against Brazil and will be influential against Scotland. Brazil v Haiti Brazil takes on Haiti in Philadelphia at 8:30 pm ET. The match will be aired on Fox and Telemundo in the United States, with ITV covering in the UK. Brazil are looking to bounce back from a substandard performance against Morocco, while Haiti seek to pose a threat in transition and cause an upset. Player to watch: Vinícius Júnior, Brazil – the Real Madrid forward’s stunning strike salvaged a point against Morocco, but Brazil needs more consistent performances. Turkey v Paraguay Turkey and Paraguay will face off in the San Francisco Bay Area at 11 pm ET. The match will be broadcast on FS1 and Telemundo in the United States. Turkey are looking to bounce back from a shock opening defeat to Australia, while Paraguay need a positive result to keep their hopes of advancing alive. Player to watch: Arda Güler, Turkey – the Real Madrid playmaker was restricted against Australia but remains Turkey’s most reliable creator and goal threat.

The Week in Art The week in art has seen several exciting exhibitions and installations. Here are some highlights: Exhibition of the Week Frida: The Making of an Icon at Tate Modern, London, until 3 January, showcases Frida Kahlo's influence and posthumous fame. Also Showing John Constable: Views of Nature at British Museum, London, until 4 October, features open air sketches by the British artistic genius. White Cube at Claydon at Claydon Park, Buckinghamshire, until 14 September, presents works by Rachel Kneebone, Cerith Wyn Evans, and Enrico David. The Department of Euterpe at Warburg Institute, London, until 3 October, explores the history of Aby Warburg's art institute. Aleksandra Kasuba at Tate St Ives, until 4 October, showcases nature-inspired sculptures and installations. Image of the Week French street artist JR transformed Paris's oldest bridge into a giant immersive cave-like artwork called La Caverne du Pont Neuf. What We Learned Gilbert & George have a mystery collaborator. What it's like to 'eat art' during a Frida Kahlo-inspired meal. A new photobook pays tribute to Spain's ineffectual napkins. Masterpiece of the Week Saint Peter Martyr by Giorgio Schiavone, c. 1456-61, is a powerful painting at the National Gallery, London.

The Lead-Up to America's Semiquincentennial As the United States of America reaches its semiquincentennial on July 4, museums across the country are grappling with what being American and celebrating the US means. Cultural institutions are digging deeper, highlighting American artists, imagery, and artifacts to explore the nation's history. Museums Exhibiting American History and Culture Below, the Guardian has assembled a list of exhibits at museums across the nation: 1. Native Americans of New Jersey: Past and Present Lincroft, New Jersey. Monmouth Museum. Through 2 September 2026 Curated by Dr Phoebe Farris, who is of Powhatan-Pamunkey descent, this exhibit was developed with guidance from Indigenous artists and authors, humanities experts, educators, and Monmouth University's provost. 2. Much Here is Beautiful: Photography Surveys of the US Bicentennial Washington DC. Smithsonian American Art Museum. 18 September 2026 – 18 April 2027 Titled after a line in former US poet laureate Robert Hayden's poem American Journal, this exhibit includes selected images from photography surveys, documenting people and places from the 19th century to the years before and after the US bicentennial in 1976. 3. America at 250 Boston, Massachusetts. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Opens 19 June The MFA Boston is merging art produced by a wide range of artists – from Indigenous and non-Indigenous creators to Caribbean, North, South, and Central American makers – to grapple with nationhood and which symbols are celebrated. 4. Facing Freedom in America Chicago, Illinois. Chicago History Museum. Opens 4 July Using images, artifacts, and interactive elements, the Facing Freedom exhibit asks viewers what their own contribution to freedom in the country might be. 5. Containing Multitudes Minneapolis, Minnesota. Minneapolis Institute of Art. Through 2 August Named for the famous stanza in Walt Whitman's Song of Myself, Containing Multitudes seeks to celebrate 'the richness and contradictions' of the American experience through photography. 6. Mississippi Made Jackson, Mississippi. Two Mississippi Museums. Through 6 November Mississippi Made tells the story of more than two centuries of the Magnolia state's agricultural, musical, scientific, and artistic contributions to the country through approximately 250 artifacts. 7. We Make History Washington, DC. Anacostia Community Museum. Through January 2028 Marking the nation's 250th anniversary this year and the Smithsonian's Anacostia Community Museum's 60th anniversary next, We Make History shows visitors how communities in the DC area contribute to the country's story. 8. America 250: Common Threads Bentonville, Arkansas. Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art. Through 27 July Common Threads commemorates both the 1776 events that led to the nation's founding and the subsequent 250 years of American art and civic participation. 9. The Statue of Liberty from Bartholdi to Warhol Fort Worth, Texas. Amon Carter Museum of American Art. 15 August – 3 January 2027 With nearly 100 artworks by more than 70 artists, The Statue of Liberty from Bartholdi to Warhol uses arguably one of the most iconic American symbols – the Statue of Liberty – to explore themes of patriotism, resistance, and immigration.