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The Lead Tehran, Iran – In the popular Bastan market in the west of the Iranian capital, where the inviting smell of fresh bread and fruit mingle with the sight of colourful fabrics and clothing, the scene no longer holds its usual joy. Passersby wander among the vendors' stalls, carefully turning goods over only to return them to their places. Everyday Survival in a Hyperinflation Economy "Daily shopping trips have turned into something resembling a reconnaissance mission to find out the new prices," says Mashhadi Firouz, a 63-year-old retiree. "A year ago, a kilo of rice was about 1.8 million rials ($1.31), but today it has crossed the 5-million-rial ($3.63) threshold." Similarly, a bottle of cooking oil has increased from 700,000 rials ($0.51) to more than 3 million rials ($2.18). Fatima, 46, a housewife and mother of three, explains: "I now go to the market three times a week instead of once, not because I need anything, but to see if there is a seller who has goods at a lower price." She adds, "Red meat has become a dream, chicken has become a mere guest on our table, and I have even started counting eggs one by one." The Economic Statistics Behind the Crisis A new report by the Central Bank of Iran revealed a historic jump in the annual inflation rate, reaching 77.2 percent year-on-year in the period between April 21 and May 20, with a monthly increase of 8.5 percent. Furthermore, point-to-point inflation for goods reached 113 percent. This is Iran's highest inflation rate since 1942, during World War II. The Perfect Economic Storm Arman Khaleghi, head of Iran's Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Mines, points to what he describes as a "perfect economic storm" of five factors that have all poured down simultaneously on the Iranian economy. These include: the elimination of the preferential currency, protests at the beginning of the year, the [US-Israeli] "Ramadan War," annual increases in wages and energy prices, and finally the naval blockade that hindered import and export chains. War's Impact on Consumer Behavior "With the outbreak of the war, people rushed to hoard basic goods, such as food and detergents," explains Khaleghi. "Demand jumped despite there being no real shortage in the markets, and this feverish rush alone is enough to drive up prices." The damage inflicted on primary industries, led by petrochemicals, has driven up packaging costs for the food, pharmaceutical and detergent industries, transmitting the contagion of inflation from the factory to the store shelf. The Maritime Blockade's Effect The maritime blockade has made travelling to Iran a perilous mission for cargo ships. "Even the mere news of a ship being targeted immediately raises prices, let alone the existence of actual difficulties and palpable shortages that have forced the search for more expensive alternative land routes," states Khaleghi. The Wage Paradox "The decision to raise wages and salaries was intended to compensate for the effects of the removal of the preferential currency rate and to preserve the purchasing power of the working class," explains Khaleghi. "However, the increase, which seemed substantial on paper, proved entirely insufficient in reality. The result is a sharp decline in real purchasing power, which begins by devouring household savings, then preys on health, medical, and education budgets, until it ultimately impacts daily sustenance." The Vicious Cycle of Economic Decline Khaleghi warns of a vicious cycle closing in on the economy: "We are in a situation where the state itself is bearing the brunt of the economic slowdown. Tax revenues, which were supposed to offset part of the cost of the preferential currency reforms, are also shrinking. Thus, we are faced with an impossible equation: the citizen's income is melting away, the state's income is eroding, and prices continue to soar to heights unseen in decades." Standing on the Edge of an Economic Iceberg "You would think the market is alive, but it is clinically dead," says Reza, 47, a shop owner. "People come here because the market is the last free place for entertainment. They wander aimlessly, remembering the days when they used to enter shopping malls and leave with bags that filled their car trunks." Mahmoud, 37, a lecturer at a private university, offers a historical perspective: "The country used to cover its wounds with petrodollars, and now that the effect of the anaesthetic has worn off, all the ailments have surfaced at once." He adds, "What worries me is not just the price hikes, but the experts' estimates of the consequences of flawed economic policies that have not yet emerged, because they have effectively hidden behind the noise of the war. This means we are standing on the edge of an iceberg; what we see now is only the tip."

Clarke's Contract Extension: A Calculated Risk or Strategic Masterstroke? The summit of Scottish football provides a wonderful environment for those who value long-term career stops. Neil Doncaster, chief executive of the Scottish Professional Football League, arrived at the then Scottish Premier League in 2009. Ian Maxwell, bizarrely headhunted from relegation-bound Partick Thistle, has been the Scottish Football Association's chief executive since 2018. Scot Gemmill's tenure as the nation's under-21 manager has lasted a decade despite underwhelming results. Glass half full or half empty; either this is a domain that delivers admirable continuity or one in which no one makes sufficient progress to appeal to those in bigger ponds. The Extension and Its Timing Amidst Controversy Against this backdrop, Steve Clarke's four-year extension as Scotland manager is really no surprise. "It's pretty staggering for anyone to say that giving him a new contract is a gamble," said Maxwell. The Scottish FA's president, Mike Mulraney, delivered standard bluster when assessing the deal. "I don't need other people to vindicate my decision," insisted Mulraney. Maxwell and Mulraney lauded Clarke before Scotland toiled at Euro 2024. All three were nowhere to be seen, with no explanations offered, as a footballing nation recoiled with anger at the manner of the team's tournament exit. The Scottish FA has never given the sense of being anything other than beholden to Clarke, or that it is the manager himself who determines his own future. Despite sentiment to the contrary, affording Clarke fresh terms immediately before the World Cup was a bold – and dangerous – call. It at least leaves the impression that finals performance does not matter when, in this one, it absolutely does. The rush to disregard that obvious fact is curious. If Clarke's qualification record was sufficient to earn him a new contract, it should have been actioned immediately after the extraordinary victory over Denmark that secured a World Cup berth. Instead, the topic disappeared until Clarke made plain before March's friendlies that he was uncomfortable with his contractual position. Scotland's Tournament Record Under Clarke The 62-year-old had earlier seemed content to leave after the World Cup until a change of heart that will, in theory, take his reign to 11 years. Cynics may suggest Clarke and his paymasters deduced it will be far more difficult for Scotland not to qualify for Euro 2028 – for which they are a host nation – than to feature in the event. The manager has doubled his salary by way of bonus each time Scotland exited a qualifying phase. Clarke has been a superb Scotland manager. He has massively enhanced standards and attitudes. Three tournament qualifications in four attempts have arrived in different ways, which point towards a multi-dimensional coach. In the past two years Clarke has been more hands-on than ever on the training ground with players responding exceptionally well. Scotland's World Cup Hopes and Managerial Strategy Scotland's World Cup, their bid to make history, essentially boils down to their opening Group C game. Comprehensive victory against Haiti would almost certainly be enough to seal a knockout berth for the first time. Anything else and the situation will feel immediately grim, with Morocco and Brazil lying in wait. Haiti turned heads with a 4-0 dismissal of New Zealand on Wednesday. Still, they are ranked outside the world's top 80 national teams, with their World Cup absence since 1974 making Scotland's 28-year wait appear brief. There will be no excuse for Scotland, armed with five-star facilities, a small army of staff and a playing contingent for whom this World Cup arrives in a career sweet spot, not seizing this moment. Scotland are a decent team rather than an excellent one and the next step on their World Cup journey comes with Saturday evening's warm-up against Bolivia in New Jersey. That night against Denmark was highly rare in that it dipped into the spectacular. Other sides of the same ilk – Australia, the USA, Denmark and Algeria – have progressed from groups in recent World Cup finals. It is apt for the Tartan Army to celebrate their return to this environment but that should not overshadow a serious competitive goal, to show they have learned from shortcomings in 2021 and 2024. What's Next for Scottish Football Post-World Cup? Clarke shot a glance towards the future by involving Tyler Fletcher in his World Cup squad. The Manchester United midfielder has a far higher ceiling than those he edged out for a seat on the plane. Lennon Miller will feel hard done by but the Udinese midfielder, once lauded in Scotland's top flight, can appear one-paced in elite company. Fletcher is precisely the player Scotland can build a future team around. This was an astute Clarke move. So, too, was penning his latest contract; no wonder Scotland's manager looks in high spirits. Whenever he does leave, the challenge will be to fund a coach who Scotland's squad hold in similar esteem. That successor is not readily identifiable, which gives the Scottish FA a slight pass when it comes to sticking to who they know. The narrow-minded obsession with a Scot in the dugout limits their options. Berti Vogts was a long time ago. It would have been judicious for the Scottish FA to wait and see how the World Cup plays out. The standing of managers is a movable feast, rather that one based on guarantees because of prior achievement. If there is trauma, those Scottish FA officials will be in an invidious position. It leaves the rest wonder why on earth they flirted with such needless risk.

The Enduring Magic of Baseball Baseball's relationship with superstitions and curses stretches back to its earliest days, with the infamous Curse of the Billy Goat being just one example. When Chicago bar owner William Sianis was denied entry to the 1945 World Series with his pet goat Murphy, he allegedly cursed the team, which then went 71 years without winning another championship. This story, along with countless other rituals and beliefs, forms the foundation of baseball's unique relationship with the magical and supernatural. A New Book Explores Baseball's Mystical Side Author, journalist, and New York Mets fan Addy Baird has chronicled baseball's rich tradition of superstitions in her new book, "The Magical Game: The Spirit and History of Baseball's Superstitions, Rituals, and Curses." Baird became fascinated with baseball's magical elements while cheering for the Mets, finding herself becoming increasingly superstitious as the team had successful stretches. "I changed the way I acted, things I did, wore, watched, said, ate," she admits, trying to influence the team's performance through her own rituals. Legendary Superstitions and Rituals The book documents numerous baseball superstitions throughout history. Turn-of-the-century managers like Connie Mack and John McGraw relied on human mascots to bring their teams good luck. Wade Boggs famously ate chicken before every game during his career in the 1980s and 1990s. More recently, a Seattle Mariners fan believes that holding a pair of slippers somehow negatively affected his team's performance, while a Tampa Bay Rays fan plays Middle Earth music during difficult innings despite having no interest in Lord of the Rings. Even in softball, superstitions persist—this week it was revealed that a top college player eats ladybugs in the dugout for good luck. The Psychology Behind Baseball's Magic When asked what makes baseball particularly prone to magical thinking, Baird identifies several factors: the presence of luck, the game's unique structure, and its repetitive nature. "Basically, when a sport has fewer instances of scoring, luck is a bigger factor," she explains. Baseball's structure is also distinctive as "one of the only games we play, and the only major North American sport, where the defense has the ball," creating an uncertain environment. The repetitive nature of the game—with batters facing dozens of pitches over a 162-game season—further compounds the uncertainty, creating what Baird calls "a perfect environment for magic to thrive." Baseball's Mythological Foundations Baird connects baseball's structure to ancient mythological patterns, noting that MLB's official historian John Thorn observed that "the form of the game itself mirrors that of the Odyssey." The nine innings represent the hero's journey: starting at home, facing potential failure, and embarking on a journey with the goal of returning home. "The story of this myth is embedded in the game itself. Magic is in its very structure," Baird concludes. This connection helps explain why baseball has developed such rich traditions and superstitions throughout its history. Evolution of Baseball's Magic The book also examines how recent changes to baseball, including sabermetrics and new rules like the pitch clock, might affect the game's magical elements. Initially, Baird believed these changes were killing baseball's magic, but her research revealed a long tradition of people claiming "baseball is dying" since the 1860s. She now believes "the game should evolve, an unchanging thing is a dead thing." Interestingly, she finds that sabermetrics actually "help us to see what makes [baseball] unique, what makes it special, what makes players exceptionally good... Those numbers reveal to us the magic." Baseball's Appeal Beyond the Field Through her research, Baird not only completed a manuscript but also discovered a new career path. In addition to her journalism work, she has become a practicing astrologer. "It was one of my really interesting side quests," she says. "I do readings for people, reading charts." Whether you're a baseball enthusiast or someone interested in magic and ritual, "The Magical Game" offers something for everyone. As Baird explains, "it's a book for people who love baseball, also for those who do not care about baseball at all" and "for the people who love magic, looking at it through a lens they may never have considered before."

Study Reveals Wildfire Smoke Reverses Ozone Progress Since 2015The research team, led by Weizhi Deng and colleagues, analyzed satellite data, EPA monitoring records, and meteorological inputs with deep‑learning models. They discovered that the United States shifted from a decline of 0.65 ppb per year in ground‑level ozone before 2015 to an increase of 0.13 ppb per year afterward, effectively erasing a decade of air‑quality gains.Quantifying the Ozone Trend Reversal and Associated MortalityOzone trend change: from -0.65 ppb/yr to +0.13 ppb/yr after 2015.Estimated excess premature deaths: 318 deaths per year in the U.S. since 2013.Global projections: up to 1.4 million annual deaths worldwide by 2100 if wildfire emissions continue unchecked.U.S. forecast: > 70,000 premature deaths per year by 2050 at current fire rates.Implications for US Air Quality Policy and Public HealthThe findings expose a critical gap in current regulatory strategies that focus on reducing anthropogenic ozone precursors from cars, refineries, and industry. Even as those emissions fall, wildfire‑derived carbon monoxide and other gases fuel ozone formation, causing surface ozone levels to plateau. With EPA monitoring stations covering only about 2% of continental U.S. land, the study underscores the need for broader observation networks and integrated climate‑fire‑air‑quality policies.Future Outlook: Climate‑Driven Fires Threaten Air Quality GainsContinued global warming is expected to intensify fire frequency and severity, especially in the western United States and Canada. Mitigation measures—both climate‑change mitigation and proactive fire‑prevention—are essential to restore the downward trajectory of ozone and protect public health. Without decisive action, the United States risks losing decades of progress in air‑quality standards and facing escalating health costs linked to ozone and particulate‑matter exposure.

The Lead Gillian Mosely's documentary 'Planet Israel' offers a personal and valuable perspective on the Israel/Palestine conflict, building on her earlier film 'The Tinderbox'. The documentary examines the impact of the conflict on Israeli citizens and the political culture under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The Event Details The film reiterates Mosely's argument that Netanyahu's administration has normalised a cruel, callous, and paranoid political culture. This culture relies on far-right elements to stay in power and delay any legal pursuit of Netanyahu's alleged corruption. The documentary also highlights the international scandal of civilian deaths in Gaza. The Impact Analysis Mosely argues that all Israeli citizens are being asked to accept a 'forever war' as a mark of patriotic loyalty. This has resulted in an eternal state of bloodshed. The film also acknowledges the complicated nature of the conflict, with Israel facing neighbours that deny its right to exist. The Prediction 'Planet Israel' is set to be released in UK and Irish cinemas from 5 June. The documentary offers a relevant and thought-provoking exploration of a horrendous situation, encouraging viewers to consider the complexities of the conflict.

The Lead: Trump's Wartime Coal Funding InitiativePresident Donald Trump is utilizing the Defense Production Act, a cold war-era statute typically reserved for national emergencies, to allocate $700 million in grants to coal-fired power plants across the United States. This move represents the latest effort by the administration to bolster what Trump calls "clean, beautiful coal," despite scientific consensus that coal remains the dirtiest of fossil fuels and a leading contributor to climate change.The Defense Production Act: A Novel Application for CoalTrump's announcement came during a White House press conference where he detailed how the $700 million investment would protect 14 coal plants and 42 coal mines across 10 states that all voted for him in the previous election. The funds will also finance the construction of two new coal plants in Alaska and West Virginia, as well as a new coal export terminal in Oakland, California, and the restart of an existing facility in Maryland."As a result of the $700m investment that I'm announcing today, we will protect 14 coal plants and 42 coalmines, a tremendous number, and build two new coal plants and one massive new export terminal," Trump stated.The administration's attempts to provide a cuddly rebranding to coal have even extended to creating a new mascot with giant eyes, called Coalie, and gushing social media posts that include an image of a lump of coal wearing sunglasses as if it were on the TV show Love Island."You're not allowed to say 'coal' within the Trump administration unless it's preceded by the words 'clean, beautiful,'" Trump said on Thursday. "Complicates our life, but it's good."Financial Implications: Cost of Coal vs. RenewablesDespite Trump's claims that the initiative will lower energy costs, energy experts maintain that coal plants are more expensive to build and operate than renewable power sources. The administration has previously doled out hundreds of millions of dollars to the coal industry, signed orders forcing ratepayers to pay extra for aging plants to remain operational, and dismantled environmental regulations limiting toxins from coal.The coal industry, however, applauded the new order, with Rich Nolan, chief executive of the National Mining Association, arguing that "coal generation shields consumers from the impacts of volatile energy prices and supply challenges" and will help meet increased electricity demand from the artificial intelligence sector.Environmental and Health ConsequencesEnvironmental groups have strongly criticized the administration's latest aid for coal, with Patrick Drupp of the Sierra Club calling it "disgusting and reprehensible" that taxpayer dollars are being given to "deadly and expensive coal plants that will make Americans sicker and drive up electricity prices even more."Scientific evidence shows coal is the most carbon-dense fossil fuel and a leading cause of the climate crisis when burned. Research has estimated that as many as 460,000 deaths in the US from 1999 to 2020 were attributable to air pollution from coal plants alone, which releases tiny toxic particles that sicken miners and trigger widespread respiratory and heart health problems.Future Outlook: Coal's Declining Market ShareDespite Trump's efforts to revive the coal industry, the sector continues to face significant headwinds. US coal production is currently less than half of what it was in 2008, with coal declining as both a fuel for electricity and as an input for manufacturing materials. The number of people working in coal has declined by more than 90% in the past century, with more people now employed at Waffle House restaurants across the US than in coal mining.Environmental advocates question the long-term viability of Trump's coal strategy, with Kit Kennedy of the Natural Resources Defense Council asking, "What's next, a taxpayer bailout to build new phone booths?" She characterized the move as "going to mean higher bills and dirtier air," calling it "a waste" of taxpayer resources.

Executive Overview: Rise of a Paramilitary PowerhouseThe article examines the emergence of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) as a decisive actor in Sudan’s recent history, tracing its journey from a loosely organized militia to a state‑backed paramilitary organization that now commands significant political influence.From Janjaweed to RSF: The Organizational TransformationKey milestones in the RSF’s evolution include:2003‑2005: Formation of the Janjaweed militias during the Darfur conflict.2007: Official integration of Janjaweed units into the newly created RSF under the guidance of Mohamed Hamdan “Hemedti” Dagalo.2013‑2019: Expansion of RSF’s mandate beyond Darfur, taking on roles in border security, disaster response, and internal policing.Funding, Armaments, and Manpower: Quantifying the RSF’s GrowthAvailable data indicate a rapid scaling of resources:Estimated personnel: ~100,000 fighters by 2025.Annual budget: reported at $1.2 billion, sourced from state allocations, mining revenues, and private contracts.Armament profile: acquisition of heavy weapons, armored vehicles, and limited air support, often procured through regional networks.Regional Stability and Governance: Why the RSF MattersThe RSF’s growing clout has reshaped Sudan’s power balance:It operates as a parallel security apparatus to the regular army, influencing political negotiations.Its involvement in the 2023‑2024 civil unrest heightened concerns among neighboring states about spill‑over effects.International actors, including the United Nations and the African Union, have called for clearer oversight to prevent human‑rights violations.Future Trajectories: Scenarios for Sudan’s Security ArchitectureAnalysts outline three plausible paths:Integration: Formal merger of the RSF into the national armed forces under a unified command.Fragmentation: Continued rivalry with the army, risking prolonged conflict.External Mediation: International pressure leading to a power‑sharing agreement that limits RSF autonomy.Each scenario carries distinct implications for Sudan’s political stability, economic recovery, and regional security environment.

The Growing Nature Divide in EnglandA new report commissioned by wildlife and environmental NGOs reveals that proposed changes to England's planning laws will further deprive the country's poorest communities of access to green spaces and biodiversity. The findings highlight how exemptions to biodiversity net gain rules will disproportionately affect areas already suffering from "nature poverty," with over 7.4 million people, including 1.4 million children under 15, living in areas completely devoid of immediate biodiversity.Loopholes in Biodiversity ProtectionBiodiversity net gain rules, introduced in 2024, mandated that most new developments in England deliver at least a 10% increase in biodiversity value. This policy was considered world-leading and was referenced at international climate talks. However, the Labour government has introduced exemptions for housebuilders after lobbying from the sector, including exemptions for sites of 0.2 hectares and under, and a proposed exemption for brownfield sites up to 2.5 hectares.The Economic Impact of Green Space LossThe report quantifies the potential biodiversity loss from the small sites exemption alone, estimating it could mean the loss equivalent to nearly 11,000 mature trees or 400 football pitches of wildflower meadow over one year. In the most deprived areas, four in five (82%) planning applications are for small sites under 0.2 hectares, making these communities particularly vulnerable to the exemptions.Environmental Inequality Across EnglandThe research reveals stark disparities in access to nature across different socioeconomic groups. In the most deprived 20% of neighborhoods, almost a third of people have highly restricted biodiversity access – nearly three times the rate of the most affluent communities. Four times as many potential brownfield homes are concentrated in the poorest fifth of England's population compared with the richest fifth.London's Extreme Nature DivideIn London, Croydon shows the most extreme inequality in access to nature, with its most affluent neighborhoods enjoying 73% biodiversity access against just 24% in the most deprived – a 49-percentage-point gap within a single local authority. This pattern of environmental inequality is not driven by rural-urban divides but by extreme disparities within towns and cities.Future of Environmental Protection in EnglandThe coalition of charities is calling for the brownfield site exemption to be scrapped and for the government to enact a legally binding five-year policy lock-in to protect biodiversity net gain from further detrimental changes. Environmental experts warn that weakening these rules not only harms the environment but also undermines the government's own housing ambition of providing safe and decent homes for all, as nature-integrated development reduces flood risks and brings positive health outcomes.

The Pink-and-Yellow ResurrectionMargaret Thatcher wasn't to blame for the closure of Britain's coalmines. Mr Blobby was. This shocking revelation came during a spoof documentary on Saturday Night Live UK, where the pink-and-yellow agent of chaos was portrayed as an evil entity awakened from underground, going on a murderous rampage. Fast forward to today, and this once-forgotten character has been unearthed and is making an unexpected comeback, appearing on primetime TV shows, duetting with popstars, and convincing nostalgic fans to pay premium prices for Blobby-themed merchandise.The Comeback TrailMr Blobby's resurgence has been nothing short of remarkable. Last month on The Claudia Winkleman Show, comedian Josh Widdicombe attempted to explain the character to a confused Canadian, Schitt's Creek star Dan Levy, who visibly hid behind the sofa when Blobby made a surprise entrance. "That's our Mickey Mouse," said Widdicombe proudly. This squishy cultural signifier of the 90s is now in hot demand on the nostalgia circuit, with Blobby costumes changing hands for thousands of pounds on eBay and Blobby-shaped iced biscuits in Scotland becoming cult bestsellers.The Merchandise and Media FrenzyThe commercial revival of Mr Blobby has been substantial. Singer and actor Self Esteem, AKA Rebecca Lucy Taylor, is a vocal fan who invited him to appear on stage at her Hammersmith Apollo gig. After performing a surreal duet of her track The Best, she hailed the experience as "the highlight of my career." Mr Blobby was even featured as a GQ cover star recently, appearing in the style magazine's selection of "modern British icons" alongside Emma Thompson, Ian Wright and Brian Cox. His contribution to the interviews was simply saying "Blobby," obviously. The character's merchandise has become highly collectible, with original items from the 90s now commanding premium prices.Cultural Significance and Divided OpinionsFor cultural historian Dr Matthew Sweet, Mr Blobby's revival is a sign of "idiotic times." "Mr Blobby is a creation of breathtaking stupidity," he says. "His stupid name, his stupid appearance, his stupid voice and its ceaseless repetition of his own stupid name are unimaginative to the point of atavism. Somehow, his dumb relentlessness has allowed him to push through into some other territory." The character has always been divisive, with The New York Times once describing him as "a metaphor for a nation gone soft in the head." Bob Mortimer called him a "pink, spotty, rubber twat," while this newspaper once dubbed him a "widely despised irritant."The Future of the Pink PhenomenonDespite the controversy, Mr Blobby's comeback shows no signs of slowing down. Comedy writer Joel Morris suggests that the character's enduring appeal comes from his versatility: "What's funny about Blobby is that he was meant to be confusing. The original joke was that he came from some nonexistent kids' show. But because he was entirely invented, there's nowhere he doesn't fit." As the article concludes, "With renewed interest and rumours afoot of further Blobby antics, don't be surprised to see more pink-and-yellow chaos coming our way. After all, 2026 is the year of the Blobaissance. Resistance is futile. We might as well say it: blobby, blobby, blobby."